Divine Verses: A Poetic Retelling and Exploration of the Gospel of Matthew

Divine Verses: A Poetic Retelling and Exploration of the Gospel of Matthew

Introduction:

"Divine Verses: A Poetic Retelling and Exploration of the Gospel of Matthew" offers readers a unique and artistic approach to engaging with the biblical text of the Gospel of Matthew. Through the medium of poetry, this book invites readers to experience the timeless story of Jesus Christ in a fresh and captivating way. With rich imagery, lyrical language, and deep reflection, "Divine Verses" illuminates the life, teachings, and significance of Jesus as presented in Matthew's gospel.

Overview

This poetic commentary book delves into the Gospel of Matthew, using the power of poetry to retell and explore its stories, parables, and teachings. The verses bring to life the historical and cultural context of Matthew, evoking the sights, sounds, and emotions of Jesus' ministry. Through poetic language, "Divine Verses" offers a new perspective on the profound truths and messages contained in Matthew's gospel.

The book delves into the major themes of Matthew, such as the kingdom of heaven, discipleship, and righteousness, through the lens of poetry. It captures the nuances and complexities of the characters and groups encountered in Matthew's narrative, illuminating their struggles, motivations, and interactions in poignant verses. "Divine Verses" also explores the ways in which Matthew draws on the Old Testament to reveal Jesus as the promised Messiah and the embodiment of God's plan.

Furthermore, this book invites readers to reflect on the spiritual and theological significance of Matthew's gospel through the beauty and power of poetic language. The verses inspire contemplation, meditation, and personal application of the gospel's teachings in everyday life. "Divine Verses" offers a fresh and immersive reading experience, allowing readers to connect with the timeless truths of the Gospel of Matthew in a profound and artistic way.

Matthew, also known as Levi, was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ and is traditionally believed to be the author of the Gospel of Matthew. He was a tax collector by profession before he became a follower of Jesus. In the New Testament, he is referred to as "Matthew" or "Levi" interchangeably. According to Christian tradition, he was chosen by Jesus to be one of his disciples and was also known as one of the apostles. The Gospel of Matthew is attributed to him based on early Christian writings and historical accounts.

Matthew, the first book of the New Testament, is often regarded as a Gospel with a distinctly Jewish focus. It is believed to have been written after the Gospel of Mark, which is considered to be the first Gospel published, and likely composed shortly before or after the destruction of the Jewish temple in AD 70. Although the author of Matthew's Gospel is technically anonymous, early church tradition attributed it to Matthew, and the earliest copies of the Gospel bear the title "According to Matthew."

The Jewish interests of Matthew are evident throughout his Gospel. First, he begins his account with the genealogy of Jesus, tracing his lineage back to Abraham and through David, emphasizing Jesus' royal heritage. This is significant because it establishes Jesus as the rightful heir to the Davidic throne, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah. Matthew repeatedly highlights how Jesus fulfilled prophecies pertaining to the Messiah and the messianic age. He portrays Jesus as the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel, showcasing how Jesus' life, teachings, and actions align with the Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah. Matthew presents Jesus as the embodiment of all of Israel's heroes, such as Moses, David, Solomon, Elijah, and the prophets. This further reinforces Jesus' connection to Israel's history and identity as God's chosen people. Matthew emphasizes that Jesus came to fulfill the law, not abolish it. He portrays Jesus as the perfect law-keeper who embodies the essence of God's law and teaches its true meaning. This emphasis on the fulfillment of the law aligns with the Jewish understanding of the importance of the Torah in the life of a devout Jew. Matthew portrays Jesus' mission as having two phases. The first phase is to restore Israel, and the second phase is to bring salvation to the rest of the world. Matthew sees Jesus as the promised Messiah who came to rescue and restore Israel from its spiritual and societal decay, and then extend salvation to all nations. This reflects the Jewish belief that the Messiah would come to restore the glory of Israel and bring blessings to all the nations of the world. Salvation is a central theme in Matthew's Gospel, as reflected in Jesus' Hebrew name, Yeshua, which means "Yahweh saves." Matthew presents Jesus as the one who brings salvation to Israel and all nations through his words, deeds, death, and resurrection. He portrays Jesus as the victorious king who vanquishes all of God's enemies, including Satan, demons, evil, suffering, and ultimately death, in order to establish the kingdom of heaven on earth. According to Matthew's Gospel, the story of Jesus is the story of salvation, where God's promises to Israel and all humanity are fulfilled through the life, death, and resurrection of the Messiah. Matthew's Gospel is characterized by its Jewish focus, presenting Jesus as the promised Messiah of Israel for the salvation of the whole world. Matthew emphasizes Jesus' fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, his embodiment of Israel's heroes, his fulfillment of the law, and his mission to restore Israel and bring salvation to all nations. Salvation is the key to understanding Jesus' ministry in Matthew's Gospel, where he establishes the kingdom of heaven on earth through his words, deeds, death, and resurrection.

Who was Matthew, the author of the Gospel of Matthew?

Matthew, also known as Levi, was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ and is traditionally believed to be the author of the Gospel of Matthew. He was a tax collector by profession before he became a follower of Jesus. In the New Testament, he is referred to as "Matthew" or "Levi" interchangeably. According to Christian tradition, he was chosen by Jesus to be one of his disciples and was also known as one of the apostles.

The early church is unanimous in its acceptance of Matthew as the writer of the First Gospel. Papias, Irenaeus, Pantaenus, and Origen all report Matthew as the writer of the First Gospel. These early church writers all attributed the authorship of the First Gospel to Matthew. Papias, who lived in the early second century AD, wrote that Matthew, the tax collector and one of Jesus' disciples, compiled the sayings of Jesus in the Hebrew language. Irenaeus, who lived in the late second century AD, wrote that Matthew published a written Gospel in the Hebrew language. Pantaenus, who was a Christian missionary to India in the late second century AD, is reported to have found a copy of Matthew's Gospel written in Hebrew in India. And Origen, who lived in the third century AD, also attributed the First Gospel to Matthew. Papias, a bishop of Hierapolis in Asia Minor, wrote in the early 2nd century that "Matthew put together the oracles [of the Lord] in the Hebrew language, and each one interpreted them as best he could."

When and where was the Gospel of Matthew written?

The Gospel of Matthew was likely written in a Greek-speaking community, as it is written in Greek, although the exact location is uncertain. Papias was a Christian bishop and historian who lived in the 2nd century AD. He is known for his work "Exposition of the Sayings of the Lord," which is now lost, but fragments of it have been preserved in the writings of later authors. One of the fragments that has been preserved is a passage that discusses the authorship and language of the Gospel of Matthew. According to Papias, Matthew wrote the gospel "in the Hebrew language," which he then translated into Greek.

Irenaeus was a prominent Christian bishop and theologian who lived in the late 2nd century AD. He was a disciple of Polycarp, who in turn had been a disciple of the apostle John, and he played an important role in defending orthodox Christian teachings against various heresies that were circulating at the time. Like Papias before him, Irenaeus wrote about the authorship of the four gospels and the book of Acts. He affirmed Papias's view that Matthew was the author of the first gospel, and he also attributed the second gospel to Mark, whom he described as Peter's interpreter. Irenaeus believed that Mark wrote down Peter's recollections of Jesus' teachings and deeds, and that he did so accurately and without embellishment. Regarding the third gospel, Irenaeus believed that it was written by Luke, a companion of Paul who had traveled with him on some of his missionary journeys. According to Irenaeus, Luke wrote his gospel based on the teachings and memories of the apostles and other eyewitnesses of Jesus' ministry. Irenaeus also linked the book of Acts with Luke, describing it as a continuation of his gospel and a record of the early history of the Church. Finally, Irenaeus attributed the fourth gospel to John, the Beloved Disciple who had been a close companion of Jesus during his earthly ministry. Irenaeus believed that John wrote his gospel later than the other three, and that he did so to supplement their accounts with additional teachings and insights. Overall, Irenaeus's views on the authorship of the gospels and Acts became widely accepted in the early Church and had a significant influence on subsequent Christian theology and scholarship.

The earliest extant citation of the Gospel of Matthew comes from a work by Ignatius of Antioch, who was a Christian bishop and martyr in the early 2nd century AD. Ignatius wrote a series of letters to various churches while he was being taken to Rome for execution, and in his letter to the church in Smyrna, he quotes from Matthew's gospel. Specifically, he refers to Jesus as "the Son of Mary and the Word of God" and cites Matthew 1:23, which prophesies that the Messiah would be born of a virgin. It is worth noting, however, that Ignatius does not explicitly name Matthew as the author of the gospel he is quoting from, so it is possible that he was drawing on an earlier source or tradition. Nonetheless, his use of material from Matthew's gospel indicates that it was already in circulation and being recognized as a significant text within Christian communities by the early 2nd century. It is generally believed that Ignacius's martyrdom occurred around the year 107 AD. Ignatius was arrested by the Roman authorities for his Christian beliefs and was sent to Rome to be executed. Along the way, he wrote several letters to various churches, which have survived and are still studied today as important early Christian documents. Ignatius is believed to have been thrown to wild beasts in the arena as part of the Roman Empire's policy of punishing Christians who refused to renounce their faith. His letters, which he wrote while he was being transported to Rome, express his deep faith in Jesus Christ and his willingness to die for his beliefs.

What is the purpose and structure of the Gospel of Matthew?

The Gospel of Matthew is written with a clear purpose, which is to present Jesus as the long-awaited Messiah of the Jewish tradition and to emphasize his teachings. Matthew's Gospel also seeks to show Jesus as the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. The structure of Matthew's Gospel is characterized by a narrative framework that includes the birth and childhood of Jesus, his teachings, miracles, interactions with others, his death, and his resurrection. It also contains five major discourses of Jesus, including the well-known Sermon on the Mount.

What are the key themes and theological perspectives presented in Matthew's Gospel?

Some of the key themes in the Gospel of Matthew include the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, the teachings of Jesus on righteousness and ethical living, the establishment of the Kingdom of God, and the importance of discipleship. The Gospel of Matthew also emphasizes Jesus' identity as the Son of God and the promised Messiah, as well as his role as the authoritative teacher and interpreter of God's will.

What is the historical and cultural context of the Gospel of Matthew?

The Gospel of Matthew was written during a time when the early Christian community was grappling with its identity and relationship with Judaism. It was also written against the backdrop of the Roman Empire, which exerted significant influence on the region where Jesus lived and preached. The Gospel of Matthew reflects the cultural and religious context of first-century Judaism, including its customs, practices, and expectations of the Messiah.

What are the unique features and characteristics of Matthew's Gospel compared to the other Gospels?

Matthew's Gospel has several unique features and characteristics. For example, it contains the genealogy of Jesus tracing his lineage back to Abraham and David, which highlights his Messianic credentials. It also includes more detailed teachings of Jesus, such as the Sermon on the Mount, and a higher frequency of references to the Old Testament scriptures. Additionally, Matthew's Gospel presents Jesus as the "new Moses," who delivers a new law and establishes a new covenant, drawing parallels with the Old Testament narrative.

How does Matthew portray Jesus as the Messiah and fulfiller of Old Testament prophecies?

Matthew's Gospel presents Jesus as the long-awaited Messiah of the Jewish tradition by emphasizing how Jesus' life and ministry fulfill numerous Old Testament prophecies. Matthew frequently cites and references Old Testament scriptures to show that Jesus is the promised Messiah. The genealogy of Jesus, his birth in Bethlehem, and other events in his life are portrayed as fulfilling specific prophecies, highlighting Jesus' Messianic identity.

What are the major events and narratives covered in the Gospel of Matthew?

The Gospel of Matthew covers various major events and narratives in the life of Jesus, including his birth and childhood, his baptism by John the Baptist, his teachings and miracles, his interactions with disciples

Genealogy of Jesus Christ (Matthew 1:1-17)

A lineage of names, a family tree,
Traced back to ancient ancestry.
From Abraham to David's throne,
The generations were surely shown.

Jacob, Judah, Perez and Hezron,
Names of those whose legacy lives on.
Then came Aram, Amminadab,
Nahshon, Salmon, Boaz, their clan.

With Ruth, the Moabite, in their line,
Obed, Jesse, David did shine.
Solomon, the king, was also there,
His son, Rehoboam, in the heir.

As the generations marched along,
Names became more than just a song.
Josiah, Jechoniah, Zerubbabel too,
The list goes on, a long review.

From Babylonian exile, the people came,
To rebuild the temple, to find their fame.
Zerubbabel, Abiud, Eliakim,
Azor, Zadok, and the list goes dim.

Then came Eleazar, Matthan, and Jacob,
Joseph, the husband, with Mary to flock.
The birth of Jesus, the Messiah, foretold,
The generations of old, now new and bold.

From Abraham to David's throne,
The lineage of Christ, forever shown.
A family tree, a legacy of grace,
The Savior of the world, the human race.

Matthew, one of the four Gospel writers in the New Testament, begins his account of Jesus' birth with a genealogy that traces Jesus' lineage all the way back to Abraham, the father of Israel, and through King David. This genealogy serves to establish Jesus' connection to the history and heritage of Israel, highlighting his role as a true son of Israel and a descendant of Israel's greatest king.

Matthew also includes the story of the Magi, who were Gentiles from the East. These Magi were guided by a God-ordained star and came to Israel in search of a God-sent king. When they arrived in Bethlehem, they honored the child Jesus with gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh, signifying his royal and divine status. This inclusion of the Magi in Matthew's account serves to show that Jesus was not only the king of Israel but also the Lord of all nations, emphasizing his universal significance.

On the other hand, Luke, another Gospel writer, begins his story with an angel visiting Mary, the mother of Jesus. The angel informs Mary that she will conceive a child by the power of the Holy Spirit, revealing the miraculous nature of Jesus' conception. This event underscores God's divine intervention in the birth of Jesus and fulfills the Old Testament prophecy that a ruler would arise from Bethlehem.

Luke also includes the account of the Roman emperor ordering a census, which required Joseph, Mary's betrothed, to travel to Bethlehem for the registration. This census was part of God's plan to fulfill the prophecy that the Messiah would be born in Bethlehem. However, when Joseph and Mary arrived in Bethlehem, there was no proper room for them, and Mary had to lay her newborn baby in a manger, a feeding trough for animals. This humble and lowly birth setting of Jesus in a manger highlights his identification with the marginalized and the poor, foreshadowing his mission to reach out to those in need.

Luke further includes the story of the shepherds in the fields who received the angelic proclamation of Jesus' birth. The angel announced "good news that will cause great joy for all the people," indicating the universal significance of Jesus' birth. The shepherds were given a sign to recognize the baby Jesus, who would be wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger. More angels appeared, praising God and proclaiming peace on earth for those on whom God's favor rests.

Both Matthew and Luke provide unique details in their accounts of Jesus' birth, emphasizing his connection to Israel's history, his universal significance, and the miraculous nature of his birth through divine intervention. These details serve to highlight the fulfillment of prophecies and the extraordinary nature of Jesus' birth, setting the stage for his role as the promised Messiah and Savior of all people.

The main point of the passage in Matthew 1:1-17 is to establish the genealogy of Jesus Christ, tracing his lineage back through David and Abraham to show that he is the long-awaited Messiah. The passage emphasizes the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy and highlights the importance of Jesus' earthly lineage in establishing his authority as the Son of God.

Spiritually, this passage can teach us the importance of recognizing Jesus as the fulfillment of God's promises throughout history. It also reminds us that God works through imperfect people and that even those with a checkered past can be used for his purposes.

Practically, this passage can also remind us of the importance of our own family histories and the impact they have on our lives. It can also encourage us to learn from the mistakes of our ancestors and strive to live in a way that honors God and his plan for our lives.

This passage connects to the rest of the Gospel by establishing Jesus' authority and identity as the promised Messiah. It also ties into the overarching theme of salvation history throughout the Bible, highlighting the continuity of God's plan and his faithfulness to his people.

Genealogy of Jesus Christ 

1 This is the genealogy[a] of Jesus the Messiah[b] the son of David, the son of Abraham:
2 Abraham was the father of Isaac,
Isaac the father of Jacob,
Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers,
3 Judah the father of Perez and Zerah, whose mother was Tamar,
Perez the father of Hezron,
Hezron the father of Ram,
4 Ram the father of Amminadab,
Amminadab the father of Nahshon,
Nahshon the father of Salmon,
5 Salmon the father of Boaz, whose mother was Rahab,
Boaz the father of Obed, whose mother was Ruth,
Obed the father of Jesse,
6 and Jesse the father of King David.
David was the father of Solomon, whose mother had been Uriah’s wife,
7 Solomon the father of Rehoboam,
Rehoboam the father of Abijah,
Abijah the father of Asa,
8 Asa the father of Jehoshaphat,
Jehoshaphat the father of Jehoram,
Jehoram the father of Uzziah,
9 Uzziah the father of Jotham,
Jotham the father of Ahaz,
Ahaz the father of Hezekiah,
10 Hezekiah the father of Manasseh,
Manasseh the father of Amon,
Amon the father of Josiah,
11 and Josiah the father of Jeconiah[c] and his brothers at the time of the exile to Babylon.
12 After the exile to Babylon:
Jeconiah was the father of Shealtiel,
Shealtiel the father of Zerubbabel,
13 Zerubbabel the father of Abihud,
Abihud the father of Eliakim,
Eliakim the father of Azor,
14 Azor the father of Zadok,
Zadok the father of Akim,
Akim the father of Elihud,
15 Elihud the father of Eleazar,
Eleazar the father of Matthan,
Matthan the father of Jacob,
16 and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, and Mary was the mother of Jesus who is called the Messiah.
17 Thus there were fourteen generations in all from Abraham to David, fourteen from David to the exile to Babylon, and fourteen from the exile to the Messiah.

Birth of Jesus Christ (Matthew 1:18-25)

In a humble town, so long ago,
A story unfolded, of wonder and woe,
A young couple, betrothed with love,
Bound by customs from above.

Mary, pure and full of grace,
Was pledged to Joseph, a man of faith.
But before they came together as one,
A miracle happened, a child was begun.

Mary was found with child, they said,
Pregnant, though still a virgin, she pled.
Joseph, confused, with a heavy heart,
Knew not how to play his part.

He was faithful to the law, indeed,
But didn't want to expose her to public need.
He planned to divorce her quietly,
To avoid causing her shame so overtly.

But in a dream, an angel came,
With a message, in God's name:
"Do not be afraid, Joseph, son of David,
Take Mary as your wife, and be not livid."

"For what is conceived in her, you see,
Is from the Holy Spirit, mysteriously.
She will give birth to a son so dear,
And you shall name him Jesus, never fear."

"He will save his people from their sins,
A savior born, where hope begins.
Fulfilling prophecies from old,
A child of promise, pure and bold."

Joseph awoke, with a heart so light,
He followed the angel's words, with all his might.
He took Mary home, his faithful wife,
And together they embarked on a journey of life.

They waited patiently, for the time to come,
When Mary gave birth, to God's own Son.
They named him Jesus, as the angel foretold,
Immanuel, "God with us," a story to be told.

The birth of Jesus, a miracle so divine,
A tale of faith, love, and grace that shine.
Joseph, a man of courage and grace,
Obeyed God's voice, in that holy place.



The passage tells the story of the birth of Jesus, who is the son of God. The story begins with Joseph, who is engaged to Mary, and is considering what to do after learning that Mary is pregnant. However, an angel appears to Joseph in a dream and tells him that Mary's pregnancy is from the Holy Spirit, and that the baby will be named Jesus and will save his people from their sins.

Joseph follows the angel's instructions and takes Mary as his wife. Later, the couple is forced to travel to Bethlehem for a census ordered by Caesar Augustus, and they struggle to find a place to stay due to the overcrowding of the city. Eventually, they find shelter in a stable where Mary gives birth to Jesus and lays him in a manger.

The story emphasizes the role of faith and prophecy in the birth of Jesus. It also highlights the challenges faced by Joseph and Mary, who had to overcome societal and environmental obstacles to fulfill their destiny. The birth of Jesus is considered to be a pivotal moment in Christianity and is celebrated by Christians around the world on Christmas Day.



The modern Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem is almost universally accepted as being built over this grotto. The current church, while having been greatly modified and expanded, is largely the church built by Justinian in the sixth-century, having avoided destruction during the Persian invasion, unlike the majority of churches of that period, because of images in the church of the three wise men, which hailed from Persia. Excavations carried out inside the church confirm historical records of an octagonal Constantine-era basilica underneath the current church. Mosaic floors have been found, containing the well-known Greek acronym/acrostic ICHTHUS for the Christian confession: Iēsous Christos, Theou Uios, Sōtēr (“Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior”), as well as columns inscribed with crosses by later Crusader-era pilgrims. 6

Joseph Accepts Jesus as His Son

18 This is how the birth of Jesus the Messiah came about[a]: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be pregnant through the Holy Spirit. 19 Because Joseph her husband was faithful to the law, and yet[b] did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly.
20 But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. 21 She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus,[c] because he will save his people from their sins.”
22 All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: 23 “The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel”[d] (which means “God with us”).
24 When Joseph woke up, he did what the angel of the Lord had commanded him and took Mary home as his wife. 25 But he did not consummate their marriage until she gave birth to a son. And he gave him the name Jesus.

Visit of the Magi (Matthew 2:1-12)

Magi from the east,
saw a star arise,
And journeyed to find,
the one they sought with their eyes.

"Where is the king,
born to the Jews?" they asked,
Their quest causing Herod,
to be shaken and aghast.

He gathered the priests,
and the scribes of the land,
Seeking to know,
where the Messiah would stand.

"In Bethlehem," they replied,
And quoted the prophet's word,
"From you shall come a ruler,
To shepherd God's people heard."

Herod called the Magi,
in secret and in stealth,
To find out the time,
of the star's appearing wealth.

He sent them to Bethlehem,
To seek out the child,
And promised to worship,
the one who was mild.

The star led them on,
till it stopped on a place,
Where they found the Christ,
with Mary's tender grace.

They bowed down and worshipped,
And offered gifts in love,
Gold, frankincense, and myrrh,
fit for a king above.

In a dream they were warned,
of Herod's evil scheme,
So they returned by a different road,
To their land, and their dream.



The story tells of the birth of Jesus Christ in Bethlehem, a city in Judea, during the reign of King Herod. Mary and Joseph, who were engaged to be married, were on their way to Bethlehem to be counted in a census when Mary went into labor. They had to find shelter in a stable, where Mary gave birth to Jesus and laid him in a manger filled with straw.

Meanwhile, in the East, wise men, also known as Magi, saw a star in the sky, which they believed was a sign of the birth of a new king of the Jews. They traveled a great distance to Jerusalem to find the child and pay their respects. When King Herod heard about the newborn child, he was troubled and summoned the wise men to ask them about the child's whereabouts. The wise men told him that they had seen the star in the east and had come to worship the new king.

King Herod was afraid of a new king threatening his power, so he asked the wise men to find the child and report back to him so that he could worship the child too. The wise men left the palace and followed the star, which led them to Bethlehem. They found the child with Mary and Joseph in the stable and presented him with gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

After paying their respects, the wise men were warned in a dream not to return to King Herod, so they left for their own country by another route. When King Herod realized that the wise men had deceived him, he became furious and ordered the killing of all male children under the age of two in Bethlehem, hoping to eliminate any potential rivals to his throne.

However, an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream and warned him to flee to Egypt with Mary and the baby Jesus to escape King Herod's wrath. They stayed there until Herod died, and then they returned to Israel and settled in Nazareth.

The story of the birth of Jesus Christ in Bethlehem is a significant event in Christianity, and it is celebrated every year on Christmas Day. It is believed that Jesus was born to Mary, a virgin, and Joseph, a carpenter, and that he was sent to Earth by God to save humanity from their sins.

The spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is the faithfulness and sovereignty of God in fulfilling His promises. Despite the scandalous circumstances surrounding the conception of Jesus, God used this situation to fulfill His promise of sending a Messiah to save His people. Joseph's obedience and trust in God's plan also serve as an example for believers to follow.

The practical lesson that can be learned is the importance of listening to God's guidance and obeying His commands, even when it may not make sense to us at first. Joseph initially planned to divorce Mary quietly, but he listened to the angel's message and chose to obey God's plan instead.

The main point of the passage is to show that Jesus was not an ordinary human being, but rather the Son of God who was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the virgin Mary. This fulfilled the prophecy from Isaiah 7:14 that a virgin would conceive and bear a son.

This passage connects to the rest of the Gospel by establishing Jesus' divine origin and purpose as the Savior of the world. It also highlights the role of Joseph as the earthly father of Jesus and demonstrates God's power to work through human beings to accomplish His plans.

The Magi Visit the Messiah

2 After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi[a] from the east came to Jerusalem 2 and asked, “Where is the one who has been born king of the Jews? We saw his star when it rose and have come to worship him.”
3 When King Herod heard this he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him. 4 When he had called together all the people’s chief priests and teachers of the law, he asked them where the Messiah was to be born. 5 “In Bethlehem in Judea,” they replied, “for this is what the prophet has written:
6 “‘But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
    are by no means least among the rulers of Judah;
for out of you will come a ruler
    who will shepherd my people Israel.’[b]”
7 Then Herod called the Magi secretly and found out from them the exact time the star had appeared. 8 He sent them to Bethlehem and said, “Go and search carefully for the child. As soon as you find him, report to me, so that I too may go and worship him.”
9 After they had heard the king, they went on their way, and the star they had seen when it rose went ahead of them until it stopped over the place where the child was. 10 When they saw the star, they were overjoyed. 11 On coming to the house, they saw the child with his mother Mary, and they bowed down and worshiped him. Then they opened their treasures and presented him with gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh. 12 And having been warned in a dream not to go back to Herod, they returned to their country by another route.

Escape to Egypt (Matthew 2:13-18)

In the dead of the night,
an angel came to Joseph's dream,
"Take the child and his mother,
flee to Egypt, for all is not as it seems."

Herod was furious,
searching for the child to kill,
Joseph got up and left,
with the child and Mary so still.

They journeyed to Egypt,
a place of safety and peace,
And there they stayed until,
Herod's reign did finally cease.

The prophet's words came true,
out of Egypt, God's son was called,
For he had to escape,
and his life be forestalled.

But Herod would not relent,
upon realizing he was outwitted,
He ordered all boys in Bethlehem,
to be killed, so evil and twisted.

A voice of weeping and mourning,
was heard in Ramah's town,
For Rachel wept for her children,
who were taken and never found.



The Flight to Egypt is a biblical story that narrates the journey of the Holy Family as they flee from King Herod's wrath. This story is a significant episode in the life of Jesus Christ, as it highlights the challenges and dangers that the Holy Family had to endure to ensure the safety of the newborn king.

The Flight to Egypt begins with Joseph having a dream in which an angel instructs him to take the child and his mother and escape to Egypt to avoid Herod's wrath. Joseph woke up immediately and, without hesitation, shared the dream with Mary, who packed their belongings and prepared the donkeys for the journey ahead.

The Holy Family traveled through the night, avoiding the main routes to stay clear of Herod's men. They stopped only to rest at night and continued their journey through the wild countryside, keeping to ancient animal tracks that wound through the landscape. The journey was long and arduous, and they finally arrived in Egypt, where they found sanctuary, far from King Herod and his henchmen in Jerusalem.

While the Holy Family was in Egypt, Herod issued a decree that all boys under the age of two in the Bethlehem area should be killed immediately. It was a terrible tragedy, as the soldiers butchered every little boy in Bethlehem, and their mothers wept for their children's lives.

The Flight to Egypt story highlights the Holy Family's faith and resilience during their journey, as they endured hardship and danger to keep the newborn king safe. It also portrays the cruelty of King Herod and the sacrifices that Mary and Joseph made to protect their child.

Eventually, an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream, instructing him to return to Israel, as those who were trying to take the child's life were dead. The Holy Family set off to make the long journey home, but upon their arrival, they discovered that Herod's kingdom had been divided into three parts following his death, and his cruel son, Archelaus, was now reigning over Judea. Fearful at the news, they decided to travel further north and settle in Nazareth in Galilee, where they had lived before.

The Flight to Egypt story is a powerful testament to the Holy Family's faith and courage, as they navigated the dangers and challenges of their journey. It also underscores the importance of faith and trust in God during difficult times and how it can lead us to safety and salvation.

(Matthew 2:13-18) is a passage that describes the events that occurred after the Magi had left Bethlehem. An angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and told him to take Mary and Jesus to Egypt, as King Herod was seeking to kill the child. Joseph obeyed the angel and took his family to Egypt, where they stayed until Herod died. This fulfilled a prophecy from Hosea: "Out of Egypt I called my son."

Meanwhile, when Herod realized that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he became furious and ordered the killing of all boys in Bethlehem who were two years old or younger. This was an attempt to eliminate any potential threat to his rule. This horrific event is known as the Massacre of the Innocents.

The spiritual lesson from this passage is that God is in control, even in the midst of difficult and dangerous circumstances. He can use dreams and signs to guide His people and protect them from harm. Additionally, the passage highlights the fulfillment of prophecy, as God's plan for the redemption of the world unfolds.

The practical lesson is that we should be obedient to God's guidance, even when it may not make sense to us or may lead us into difficult situations. Joseph's obedience to the angel's command to go to Egypt ultimately saved Jesus' life.

This passage connects to the rest of the Gospel as it highlights the theme of Jesus as the fulfillment of prophecy and the promised Messiah. It also underscores the reality of opposition to Jesus' mission, as Herod sought to kill Him from a very young age. The passage also foreshadows Jesus' ultimate sacrifice on the cross, as innocent children were killed in an attempt to prevent Jesus from fulfilling His mission.

The Escape to Egypt

13 When they had gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream. “Get up,” he said, “take the child and his mother and escape to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod is going to search for the child to kill him.”
14 So he got up, took the child and his mother during the night and left for Egypt, 15 where he stayed until the death of Herod. And so was fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet: “Out of Egypt I called my son.”[a]
16 When Herod realized that he had been outwitted by the Magi, he was furious, and he gave orders to kill all the boys in Bethlehem and its vicinity who were two years old and under, in accordance with the time he had learned from the Magi. 17 Then what was said through the prophet Jeremiah was fulfilled:
18 “A voice is heard in Ramah,
    weeping and great mourning,
Rachel weeping for her children
    and refusing to be comforted,
    because they are no more.”[b]



Return to Nazareth (Matthew 2:19-23)

Joseph, Mary, and baby Jesus
Fleeing from danger, they had to leave us
To Egypt they went, a new home they found
But the angel returned, with a message profound

"Herod is dead, it's time to go back
To the land of Israel, on a safe track"
So they left Egypt, headed for home
But soon found out they couldn't roam

Archelaus was ruling, a dangerous man
Joseph was scared, he had a plan
He went to Galilee, a safer place
A town called Nazareth, a new embrace

And so it was fulfilled, what was prophesized
Jesus would be called a Nazarene, it was realized
The journey was long, but they made it through
Joseph, Mary, and Jesus, starting anew.


Vittore Carpaccio Fuga in Egitto (1510)

In this passage, we see Joseph being instructed by an angel of the Lord to take Jesus and Mary back to the land of Israel, as those who were seeking to harm Jesus are now dead. However, Joseph is afraid to go to Judea when he learns that Herod's son Archelaus is reigning there, so he instead goes to Galilee and settles in the town of Nazareth. This move fulfills a prophecy that the Messiah would be called a Nazarene.

One spiritual lesson that can be gleaned from this passage is the importance of being obedient to God's guidance and direction, even when it may not make sense to us or seem difficult. Joseph had to uproot his family and move multiple times based on dreams and divine guidance, but he trusted in God's plan and protection for them.

This passage also highlights the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah. Jesus being called a Nazarene is a reference to several prophecies that spoke of the Messiah being despised and rejected, as the town of Nazareth was not a well-respected place at the time. This connects to the overall theme of the Gospel of Matthew, which emphasizes how Jesus is the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies and the promised Messiah.

The Return to Nazareth

19 After Herod died, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt 20 and said, “Get up, take the child and his mother and go to the land of Israel, for those who were trying to take the child’s life are dead.”
21 So he got up, took the child and his mother and went to the land of Israel. 22 But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning in Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. Having been warned in a dream, he withdrew to the district of Galilee, 23 and he went and lived in a town called Nazareth. So was fulfilled what was said through the prophets, that he would be called a Nazarene.

John the Baptist prepares the way (Matthew 3:1-12)

In the wilderness of Judea, John appeared,
A voice crying out, a message to be heard.
Proclaiming repentance, a call to prepare,
For the kingdom of heaven, drawing near.

John the Baptist, with his rugged attire,
Clothed in camel's hair, a prophet with fire.
With a leather belt around his waist,
His food was locusts and wild honey, to taste.

People from Jerusalem and all around,
Came to John, in the wilderness they found,
Confessing their sins, they were baptized,
In the Jordan River, they were purified.

But when Pharisees and Sadducees drew near,
John's words were sharp, bold and clear,
"You brood of vipers!" he boldly cried,
"Produce fruits of repentance, no room for pride."

"Do not think Abraham is all you need,
God can raise children from stones indeed.
The axe is at the root of every tree,
Those without good fruit, will meet the decree."

John baptized with water, a sign of change,
But after him, one would come, a greater exchange.
One more powerful, whose sandals he's not worthy to bear,
Baptizing with the Spirit and fire, a heavenly affair.

His winnowing fork in hand, he'll clear the floor,
Gathering wheat into the barn, chaff to be no more.
Unquenchable fire, to burn away the waste,
The Messiah is coming, with power and grace.

So listen to John's message, with hearts awake,
Repent, prepare the way, for Jesus' sake.
The kingdom of heaven, so close and near,
John the Baptist's call, let us all revere.



In Matthew 3:1-12, the main point of the passage is to introduce John the Baptist as the forerunner of Jesus and to highlight the importance of repentance and preparation for the coming of the Messiah.

The passage emphasizes the message of John the Baptist, which is a call to repentance and preparation for the coming of the Lord. John is portrayed as a prophet, preparing the way for the coming of Jesus Christ. He urges the people to repent and turn from their sins, warning them of the consequences of unrepentant hearts.

The spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is the importance of repentance in our lives as Christians. We need to acknowledge our sins and turn away from them, and prepare our hearts for the coming of the Lord. John's message is a reminder that we need to continually examine our lives and make changes where necessary to be ready for the coming of the Lord.

The practical lesson that can be learned is that repentance is an ongoing process, not a one-time event. We need to constantly be aware of our actions and attitudes, and make adjustments to align ourselves with God's will. We can also learn from John's example of boldly proclaiming the truth, even in the face of opposition and persecution.

This passage connects to the rest of the Gospel by setting the stage for the ministry of Jesus Christ. John the Baptist prepares the way for Jesus, and his message of repentance sets the tone for Jesus' own message of the Kingdom of God. Additionally, the baptism of Jesus by John in the following verses marks the beginning of Jesus' public ministry.

John the Baptist Prepares the Way

3 In those days John the Baptist came, preaching in the wilderness of Judea 2 and saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near.” 3 This is he who was spoken of through the prophet Isaiah:
“A voice of one calling in the wilderness,
‘Prepare the way for the Lord,
    make straight paths for him.’”[a]
4 John’s clothes were made of camel’s hair, and he had a leather belt around his waist. His food was locusts and wild honey. 5 People went out to him from Jerusalem and all Judea and the whole region of the Jordan. 6 Confessing their sins, they were baptized by him in the Jordan River.
7 But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to where he was baptizing, he said to them: “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? 8 Produce fruit in keeping with repentance. 9 And do not think you can say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ I tell you that out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham. 10 The ax is already at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.
11 “I baptize you with[b] water for repentance. But after me comes one who is more powerful than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with[c] the Holy Spirit and fire. 12 His winnowing fork is in his hand, and he will clear his threshing floor, gathering his wheat into the barn and burning up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”

Baptism of Jesus (Matthew 3:13-17)

Jesus, the son of God,
came to the Jordan's shore,
To be baptized by John,
as he had never done before.

But John, surprised and hesitant,
tried to deter Jesus, he did say,
"I should be baptized by you,
Why do you come to me today?"

Jesus replied with calm assurance,
"Let it be so now, to fulfill righteousness,
The Spirit will soon descend upon me,
As a sign of God's divine witness."

So John consented, and baptized Jesus,
In the river's flowing tide,
And as he rose from the water,
The heavens opened wide.

The Spirit of God descended,
Like a gentle dove in flight,
And a voice from heaven declared,
"This is my son, whom I delight."

Jesus, our savior and Lord,
Confirmed by heaven's voice and sign,
Set out to fulfill his mission,
To bring love and light divine.


A photo taken by the Jordan Tourism Board captures the remains of a Byzantine-era monastery complex situated on a low hill in Al-Maghtas, Jordan. This location has been regarded by Christian pilgrims as "Bethany beyond the Jordan" since the Byzantine period, where John the Baptist baptized Jesus.



The map indicates the position of "Bethany beyond the Jordan" on the eastern bank of the Jordan River. However, there exist two traditions that identify the location of the site differently, with one placing it on the western bank of the river. Image: Biblical Archaeology Society.


The story of Jesus' baptism in the River Jordan is a significant event in the New Testament. When Jesus arrived at the river to be baptized by John, it was initially met with surprise from John himself. John believed that Jesus should be the one baptizing him instead. However, Jesus explained that it was necessary to fulfill all righteousness, and John agreed to baptize him.

John preached in the wilderness and baptized people in the River Jordan. This location was symbolic to Israel as it represented the opportunity for them to renew their relationship with God, symbolically returning to the desert and then entering the Promised Land. Jesus, who came to save people from their sins, joined them in the wilderness and submitted to baptism. By doing so, he became one of them, joining the crowds in the desert and in the river.

As Jesus emerged from the water, he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting on him. This was a powerful moment that connected the scene to a biblical moment older than Israel and global in scope. The world re-emerged from the waters of the flood, and Noah's dove settled on it, representing God's new beginning for humanity. Now, Christ re-emerged from the waters, and the dove settled on him – the one in whom all humankind could begin again.

The Spirit empowered Jesus for the mission ahead, and with God's Spirit came a voice from heaven affirming that Jesus was the Son of God, loved by the Father. This declaration exalted Jesus as the one trusted by God, and worthy of his readers' trust as well.

The story of Jesus' baptism teaches us several spiritual and theological lessons. First, it shows us that baptism is a powerful symbol of our renewal and commitment to God. Secondly, it teaches us that Jesus became one of us to save us from our sins, and he did so by submitting to baptism, even though he did not need to. Finally, it reminds us that the Holy Spirit empowers us for our mission in life and that we should listen to the voice of God, just as Jesus did. Overall, this story encourages us to renew our relationship with God, commit to our mission, and trust in the power of the Holy Spirit.

The Jewish people had been waiting for a new Messiah and prophet for centuries since the last prophet had spoken to them. John, who had been miraculously born to Elizabeth and Zechariah, lived a solitary life in the desert, preaching and baptizing people. He wore rough clothes made of camel hair and ate wild food, such as locusts and honey. John urged people to turn away from evil, to repent, and to return to God because Judgement Day was near. He baptized those who repented in the cool waters of the Jordan River.

Word of John's preaching and baptizing spread, and people from all over Galilee and beyond flocked to the desert to see him. When the wealthy and powerful Sadducees and Pharisees came to see him, John berated them and told them to repent their sins. The people asked John what they should do, and he told them to share with those in need and to be content with what they had.

Some tax collectors and soldiers also asked John what they should do, and he told them not to collect more than required and not to extort money or falsely accuse people. Many people wondered whether John might be the Messiah himself, but John told them that he baptized with water and that one more powerful than him would come to baptize with the Holy Spirit and fire.

Jesus came from Galilee to be baptized by John in the river, even though he had never sinned and had nothing to repent. John was hesitant to baptize Jesus, but Jesus insisted, saying it was God's will. As they waded into the river, John baptized Jesus and the Spirit of God appeared as a white dove bathed in light. A voice from above proclaimed, "This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased."

In Matthew 3:13-17, the main point of the passage is the baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist. This event marks the beginning of Jesus' public ministry, and it also serves as a validation of Jesus' identity as the Son of God.

One spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is the importance of humility and submission to God. Even though Jesus did not need to be baptized for the forgiveness of sins, He still chose to submit to John's baptism as a way of identifying with humanity and demonstrating His obedience to God.

Another practical lesson that can be learned is the significance of baptism as a public declaration of faith and commitment to following Jesus. Just as Jesus was baptized publicly, believers today can use baptism as a way of publicly proclaiming their faith and commitment to following Jesus.

This passage connects to the rest of the Gospel by showing that Jesus is the Son of God and that He came to fulfill God's plan of redemption for humanity. It also connects to other passages in the Bible that describe baptism as an important symbol of faith and obedience to God.

The Baptism of Jesus

13 Then Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to be baptized by John. 14 But John tried to deter him, saying, “I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?”
15 Jesus replied, “Let it be so now; it is proper for us to do this to fulfill all righteousness.” Then John consented.
16 As soon as Jesus was baptized, he went up out of the water. At that moment heaven was opened, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting on him. 17 And a voice from heaven said, “This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased.”



Temptation of Jesus (Matthew 4:1-11)

In the wilderness, Jesus fasted and prayed
But the devil came, tempting him with his ways
"If you're the Son of God," he said with a grin
"Command these stones to turn to bread, give in"

But Jesus replied, "Man lives not by bread alone
But by every word from God's throne"

Next, the devil took him to a high place
And said, "Jump, for angels will bear your face"
But Jesus said, "Do not put God to the test"
And the devil fled, his plan not to manifest

Once more, he tempted Jesus with power
All the kingdoms of the world, in his hour
"If you worship me," he said with a leer
"All this will be yours, no need to fear"

But Jesus knew, only God deserves our worship
He told the devil to leave, with his own quip
And so it was, the devil went away
Angels ministered to Jesus, as he lay.




In the Judean desert, Jesus fasted and prayed for forty days and nights, enduring the harsh conditions of the barren landscape with only the company of eagles, vultures, and snakes. As his physical strength waned, the Devil appeared before him, tempting him to use his divine power to turn stones into bread, to prove his identity by jumping off the temple, and to worship the Devil in exchange for earthly kingdoms.

Yet Jesus remained steadfast in his obedience to God, citing scripture and refusing to break his fast or put God to the test. Finally, the Devil vanished, and angels appeared to strengthen Jesus after his spiritual struggle.

This powerful story of temptation and faith has been recounted throughout history and has inspired countless individuals to remain steadfast in their devotion to God. It serves as a reminder that, even in the face of adversity and temptation, one can find strength and solace in faith and devotion to a higher power.

Spiritual and practical lessons:

The importance of relying on God's word in times of temptation and testing
The danger of using our own power and resources to achieve our goals
The value of worshiping and serving God above all else
Main point:





The Judean wilderness, where Jesus fasted for forty days following his baptism (Matt. 4:1)

Jesus is tempted by the devil in the wilderness, but he resists temptation by relying on God's word and power.

Connection to the rest of the Gospel/Bible:

This passage shows how Jesus, as the Son of God, was tested and tempted just like any human being, but was able to resist sin and overcome temptation. This theme of Jesus' humanity and divinity is a major theme throughout the Gospel of Matthew and the Bible as a whole. Additionally, this passage foreshadows Jesus' ultimate victory over sin and death through his death and resurrection.


THE MOUNT OF TEMPTATION:  The Orthodox monastery of Quruntal (or “Temptation”) clings to the Mount of Temptation, overlooking the Jordan valley to the northwest of the town of Jericho. The exact location of the biblical temptation is not known, but it is traditionally identified with this limestone peak – one of the holy sites identified by Helena in the 4th century – on the road from Jerusalem to Jericho.

The Temptation of Jesus

4 Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. 2 And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry. 3 And the tempter came and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.” 4 But he answered, “It is written,
“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,
    but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”
5 Then the devil took him to the holy city and set him on the pinnacle of the temple 6 and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written,
“‘He will command his angels concerning you,’
and
“‘On their hands they will bear you up,
    lest you strike your foot against a stone.’”
7 Jesus said to him, “Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’” 8 Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory. 9 And he said to him, “All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.” 10 Then Jesus said to him, “Be gone, Satan! For it is written,
“‘You shall worship the Lord your God
    and him only shall you serve.’”
11 Then the devil left him, and behold, angels came and were ministering to him.





If this was the place where Jesus stood in Matthew’s account, it would have been at the southeastern corner of the Temple Mount itself, above the Kidron Valley, on top of the building known as the Royal Portico. Today the
ground level has risen due to centuries of destruction and rebuilding, but when Warren dug a shaft down from that corner of the Temple Mount, he had to go down 106 feet below the elevation of the average level of the
temple area to get to the bottom of Herod’s foundation blocks. Josephus says the Royal Portico that once stood on the Temple Mount at this spot was 50-feet high. This height, combined with the depth of the Kidron Valley, makes it understandable why Josephus says that the view from this spot would make someone “giddy” and why Satan would have chosen this spot to tempt Jesus.

1. Zechariah the priest, and father of John the Baptist, is burning incense when the angel of the Lord appears to him (Luke 1:8–20).
2. Joseph and Mary come to the temple to present baby Jesus and to offer doves or pigeons as a sacrifice (Luke 2:22–24). Mary would have to stay in the Court of the Women while Joseph takes the baby and the sacrifice into the Court of the Israelites.
3. Simeon and the prophetess Anna are probably in the Court of the Women when they recognize the baby Jesus as the Messiah (Luke 2:25–38).
4. Jesus’s parents find him “sitting among the teachers, listening to them and asking them questions” (Luke 2:46). This could have taken place in any of the colonnaded porticos, although it is unlikely that they were in the Royal Stoa.
5. “The devil took him to the holy city and had him stand on the highest point of the temple” (Matt. 4:5). The parapet on top of the Royal Stoa in the southeast corner of the temple complex has the greatest height from top to bottom, although another possible location is the temple itself, which stood above the walls.
6. “[Jesus] spoke these words while teaching in the temple courts near the place where the offerings were put” (John 8:20).
7. “Jesus was in the temple courts walking in Solomon’s Colonnade” (John 10:23).
8. “Jesus entered Jerusalem and went into the temple courts” (Mark 11:11). Jesus probably enters through the Double Gate and ascends up to the Court of the Gentiles.
9. Jesus commends the widow who gives two small copper coins (Mark 12:41–44; Luke 21:1–4).
10. When Jesus is teaching in the temple courts, he is often in one of the colonnaded porches, most likely Solomon’s Colonnade (Matt. 26:55; Mark 12:35; 14:49; Luke 19:47; 20:1; 21:37–38; 28:55; John 7:28).
11. Jesus drives out the money changers and those selling animals (Matt. 21:12–16; Mark 11:15–18; Luke 19:45–47; John 2:13–22). This selling activity is in the Court of the Gentiles. It could be on either the north or south side or both.
12. “Judas threw the money into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself” (Matt. 27:5). Judas probably goes into the Court of the Israelites and throws the money over the wall that separates it from the Court of the Priests.
13. “The curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom” (Matt. 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45). This could have been either the inner or outer curtain, or perhaps both.
14. After the resurrection, Jesus’s disciples “stayed continually at the temple, praising God” (Luke 24:53). They are probably in Solomon’s Colonnade.

Jesus begins his ministry in Galilee (Matthew 4:12-25)

Jesus heard that John was seized,
And so he left and went to Galilee,
He settled in Capernaum, by the sea,
In Zebulun and Naphtali's territory.

To fulfill what Isaiah prophesied,
He came to the land where Gentiles reside,
Where people sat in darkness and gloom,
A great light shone, dispelling the tomb.

The shadow of death no longer to reign,
For light had dawned, breaking the chain,
Jesus proclaimed, "Repent and believe,
The kingdom of heaven is near, receive."

With these words, his ministry began,
Teaching, healing, reaching every clan,
Drawing crowds from Galilee and beyond,
All captivated by his every bond.

Walking by the Sea of Galilee,
Jesus saw two brothers casting nets with glee
Peter and Andrew, fishers by trade
Were called to follow, with a promise made

"Follow me," Jesus said, "Fishers of people you'll be"
Without hesitation, they left the sea
James and John, with their father mending nets
Were also called, and left without regrets

Jesus then traveled, throughout Galilee
Teaching in synagogues, proclaiming good news, you see
Curing sickness and disease, and all who were possessed
His fame spread, and people came from east to west

Sick and afflicted, they sought him out
Crowds followed, without a doubt
From Galilee, Jerusalem, Judea, and beyond
Jesus ministered, with love and bond

His message of hope, spread far and wide
People followed him, with hearts open wide
For Jesus, the Son of God, was here
Bringing peace and love, dispelling fear.

Jesus Begins His Ministry in Galilee

12 Now when Jesus[a] heard that John had been arrested, he withdrew to Galilee. 13 He left Nazareth and made his home in Capernaum by the sea, in the territory of Zebulun and Naphtali, 14 so that what had been spoken through the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled:
15 “Land of Zebulun, land of Naphtali,
    on the road by the sea, across the Jordan, Galilee of the gentiles—
16 the people who sat in darkness
    have seen a great light,
and for those who sat in the region and shadow of death
    light has dawned.”
17 From that time Jesus began to proclaim, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near.

Exegesis and Hermeneutics: The passage begins with Jesus hearing about the arrest of John the Baptist and deciding to withdraw to Galilee. This marks the beginning of Jesus' public ministry. He leaves his hometown of Nazareth and moves to Capernaum in the territory of Zebulun and Naphtali, which was largely inhabited by Gentiles. This move fulfills the prophecy of Isaiah, which predicted that the land of Zebulun and Naphtali would see a great light. Jesus then begins to proclaim a message of repentance, calling on people to turn away from their sins because the kingdom of heaven is at hand. This is the central message of Jesus' ministry, and it is tied to the fulfillment of prophecy. The phrase "the kingdom of heaven" refers to God's reign and rule, which is being established through Jesus' ministry. The reference to the prophecy of Isaiah is significant because it shows that Jesus' ministry is not a random occurrence but is part of God's larger plan. It also highlights the fact that Jesus' ministry is for both Jews and Gentiles.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: This passage teaches us several important spiritual and theological lessons. First, it reminds us that God has a plan for our lives and that everything that happens is part of that plan. Even Jesus' move to Capernaum was part of God's plan to fulfill prophecy. Second, it teaches us about the importance of repentance. Jesus' call to repentance is not just a call to turn away from sin but is also a call to turn towards God's kingdom. When we repent, we turn away from our old way of life and turn towards God's plan for our lives. Finally, this passage reminds us that God's kingdom is open to everyone. Jesus' ministry was not just for Jews but also for Gentiles. This is a reminder that no matter who we are or where we come from, we can be a part of God's kingdom.

Practical Application: The practical application of this passage is to respond to Jesus' call to repentance and to turn towards God's kingdom. This means that we must be willing to let go of our old way of life and follow Jesus. We must also be willing to share the message of the kingdom with others, regardless of their background or ethnicity. Ultimately, our goal should be to help others see the light of Jesus and to experience the power of his kingdom in their lives.

Jesus Calls the First Disciples

On the shores of Galilee,
Two brothers cast their net to sea.
Simon Peter and Andrew too,
Fishermen with work to do.

Jesus saw them and spoke,
A call to follow and evoke.
"Come with me and fish for souls,
And make disciples of all roles."

Without a word, they left their net,
Followed Jesus without regret.
James and John, also called,
Left their boat and father, appalled.

In the steps of Jesus they trod,
Leaving all to follow God.
A simple call, a simple choice,
To heed the Master's voice.

Oh, to have such faith and trust,
To leave behind what we must.
To follow Jesus without fear,
And spread his love, far and near.

In this passage, we see Jesus performing a miraculous catch of fish and subsequently calling four fishermen to become his disciples. Peter and his brother Andrew, James and John, the sons of Zebedee, were amazed by the catch and immediately followed Jesus when he asked them to become fishers of men. Together with Jesus, they travelled throughout Galilee, preaching and teaching the word of God, healing the sick, and performing other miracles.

As Jesus' fame spread, he encountered a tax collector named Matthew, who was despised by the Jewish people for working for the Romans. Jesus called Matthew to follow him, and they shared a meal with other tax collectors and "undesirable" people. When the Pharisees criticized Jesus for associating with such people, he explained that he had come to find sinners and heal the sick, not just the righteous.

Later, Jesus went up to a high mountain to pray and came down to choose twelve disciples to become his closest followers. These included Peter, Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Simon the Zealot, Thaddeus, and Judas Iscariot.

This passage is a powerful example of Jesus' ability to bring people together and spread his message of love and healing. Through his miracles and teachings, he inspired a group of unlikely followers to become his disciples and carry on his work after his death. This story highlights the transformative power of faith and the importance of reaching out to those who may be marginalized or ostracized by society.

18 As he walked by the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea—for they were fishers. 19 And he said to them, “Follow me, and I will make you fishers of people.” 20 Immediately they left their nets and followed him. 21 As he went from there, he saw two other brothers, James son of Zebedee and his brother John, in the boat with their father Zebedee, mending their nets, and he called them. 22 Immediately they left the boat and their father and followed him.

Jesus Ministers to Crowds of People

With love and power, he traveled wide,
Through Galilee and countryside.
Teaching in synagogues with care,
The good news of the Kingdom fair.

Healing every sickness, every pain,
A ray of hope to all he came.
His fame spread far, beyond the land,
And people brought the sick to stand.

Afflicted by demons and disease,
The broken and the ones in need,
All found hope in Jesus' touch,
His power, love, and healing such.

From every corner, far and near,
Crowds followed him, without a fear.
From Galilee to Jerusalem,
His message spread, a healing gem.

The Savior walked with love and grace,
Bringing light to every place.
Through all the land, his fame did grow,
And people came from to and fro.

23 Jesus[c] went throughout all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues and proclaiming the good news[d] of the kingdom and curing every disease and every sickness among the people. 24 So his fame spread throughout all Syria, and they brought to him all the sick, those who were afflicted with various diseases and pains, people possessed by demons or having epilepsy or afflicted with paralysis, and he cured them. 25 And great crowds followed him from Galilee, the Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea, and from beyond the Jordan.

In Matthew 4:12-25, we see Jesus beginning his public ministry by preaching and performing miracles.

One spiritual lesson we can learn from this passage is the importance of repentance and following Jesus. John the Baptist preached repentance and prepared the way for Jesus, and Jesus himself preached, "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven has come near." We can learn that repentance is necessary for a life with Jesus, and that following him can bring blessings and fulfillment.

The main point of this passage is to show Jesus beginning his public ministry, fulfilling prophecy and calling his first disciples. We see that Jesus moved to Capernaum, which fulfilled a prophecy in Isaiah, and that he preached and performed miracles, which drew people to him. He also called his first disciples, Peter, Andrew, James, and John, who left everything to follow him.

This passage connects to the rest of the Gospel by setting up Jesus' ministry and showing his power and authority. We see his message of repentance and the coming of the kingdom of heaven, which is a central theme throughout the Gospel. We also see him calling his disciples, who become key figures in spreading his message after his death and resurrection.

Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7)


Jesus, the great teacher

In Galilee, in ancient times,
the Lord's voice was heard,
A teacher's words, both wise and profound
He spoke of love, of truth, and grace,
And in his teachings, hearts found their place.

He said, "Come to me, all who are weary,
And I will give you rest, be not dreary.
For I am gentle, humble, and kind,
And in my teachings, the truth you'll find."

The crowds were amazed, as he spoke with power,
A great teacher, every hour.
He spoke of God and of his ways,
The kingdom of God, justice and grace,
And taught the people, day by day.

He spoke of love, and how to serve,
Of hope and faith, and how to preserve.
His words were like honey, sweet to the soul,
And in his teachings, hearts were made whole.

Oh Jesus, great teacher, full of grace,
Your words now echo in the whole world
May we learn from you, day by day,
And in your teachings, find our way.

For in your teachings, we find the light,
That guides us through the darkest night.
Your words bring hope, and banish fear,
And in your love, we find our cheer.

So let us follow, in your ways,
And seek your truth, all of our days.
For in your teachings, we find our rest,
And in your love, we are truly blessed.





Introduction to the Sermon on the Mount

On the mountainside, Jesus sat down,
His disciples gathered, eager to hear His profound.
He began to teach, with words so wise,
Blessed are those who seek God's prize.

Blessed are the poor in spirit, humble and meek,
For theirs is the kingdom of heaven, truth they seek.
Blessed are those who mourn, in sorrow's grip,
For they will find comfort, from God's loving ship.

Blessed are the meek, gentle and kind,
They will inherit the earth, in God's design.
Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for what's right,
They will be filled, with God's righteousness shining bright.

Blessed are the merciful, showing compassion's grace,
For they will receive mercy, in God's embrace.
Blessed are the pure in heart, with motives true,
They will see God, with vision crystal-clear and new.

Blessed are the peacemakers, bringing harmony's reign,
They will be called children of God, with a blessed name.
Blessed are those persecuted for righteousness' sake,
For theirs is the kingdom of heaven, a prize they'll partake.

And when insults come, and persecution's fire burns,
Rejoice and be glad, for great is your reward, God discerns.
Like the prophets before, who were also mistreated,
Your faith and dedication, by God will be greeted.

So let us heed Jesus' words, and live by His way,
Embracing the blessings, in our lives each day.
For in His teachings, we find wisdom and light,
Guiding us on the path, to God's kingdom so bright.

The Beatitudes are a famous passage from Jesus' Sermon on the Mount, where He delivers a series of blessings to a crowd of people gathered around Him. In these blessings, Jesus teaches about the qualities of character that are important to God and will ultimately lead to happiness and spiritual fulfillment. Each beatitude offers a promise of blessing to those who exhibit these qualities in their lives.

The Beatitudes begin with a promise to those who are "poor in spirit." This refers to those who recognize their own spiritual poverty and need for God's grace. Jesus promises that these individuals will inherit the kingdom of heaven. The next blessing is for those who mourn, promising them comfort. The meek will inherit the earth, and those who hunger and thirst for righteousness will be filled. The merciful will be shown mercy, the pure in heart will see God, and the peacemakers will be called children of God. Finally, Jesus promises a blessing to those who are persecuted because of their faith, and calls on His followers to rejoice in the face of persecution, for their reward in heaven will be great.

The Beatitudes outline the qualities of character that are important to God and will ultimately lead to happiness and spiritual fulfillment. The Beatitudes teach us that God values humility, compassion, and a hunger for righteousness above all else. These are qualities that can only be achieved through a relationship with Him. They remind us that true fulfillment and happiness come not from worldly success or possessions, but from a deep connection with God.
The Beatitudes challenge us to examine our own character and priorities, and to strive to cultivate the qualities that Jesus values. They call us to be humble, compassionate, and driven by a desire for righteousness. They also remind us that we will face opposition and persecution as we seek to live out these values, but that we can find joy and peace in the midst of these challenges by trusting in God's promises.

The Beatitudes

He said:
3 “Blessed are the poor in spirit,
    for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
4 Blessed are those who mourn,
    for they will be comforted.
5 Blessed are the meek,
    for they will inherit the earth.
6 Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness,
    for they will be filled.
7 Blessed are the merciful,
    for they will be shown mercy.
8 Blessed are the pure in heart,
    for they will see God.
9 Blessed are the peacemakers,
    for they will be called children of God.
10 Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness,
    for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
11 “Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me. 12 Rejoice and be glad, because great is your reward in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you.




Salt and Light

As salt, we are called to preserve
To add flavor and bring out the best
But if we lose our essence and verve
We're worthless, like dust to be suppressed

As light, we are called to shine bright
To guide and show the way to go
But if we hide our beams from sight
We're useless, like a lamp in shadow

Let us not forget the law and prophets
But instead let us fulfill their aim
For every letter, every jot and tittle
Is still valid, to God's holy name

Let our righteousness surpass
That of the scholars and Pharisees
So that we may enter the kingdom at last
And dwell in eternal peace.

In this passage, Jesus uses two metaphors to describe the role of his disciples in the world: salt and light. Both salt and light have properties that are useful to the people around them, and Jesus tells his followers that they are similarly meant to bring value and illumination to the world. Jesus begins by calling his disciples the "salt of the earth." In the ancient world, salt was highly valued as a preservative, a seasoning, and a cleansing agent. Jesus is telling his followers that they have a similarly important role in the world – to preserve goodness, to add flavor to life, and to purify what is unclean.

Jesus goes on to describe his disciples as the "light of the world." Light is essential for seeing and for guiding one's path. By shining their light, Jesus' followers are meant to illuminate the way for others, showing them the path to righteousness and pointing them towards God. The main point of the story is that as disciples of Jesus, we are called to be agents of change in the world, bringing hope, truth, and goodness to those around us. We are called to be salt and light – to preserve what is good, to add flavor and joy to life, and to shine the light of truth in the darkness.

The spiritual lesson we can learn from this passage is that we are called to be a positive influence in the world, to spread goodness and truth wherever we go. As followers of Christ, we are meant to bring hope and light to those around us, pointing them towards the love and salvation of God. The theological lesson we can learn is that God values us and has a purpose for our lives. Just as salt and light have important roles to play in the world, so too do we have a unique purpose and calling as disciples of Jesus. The practical lesson we can learn from this passage is that our actions matter. We are called to be intentional about our behavior, making sure that we are adding value and illumination to the world. This means being kind, speaking truth, and living out our faith in a way that is visible to others. By doing so, we can be a force for good in the world, bringing hope and light to those who need it most.

Salt and Light

13 “You are the salt of the earth. But if the salt loses its saltiness, how can it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled underfoot.
14 “You are the light of the world. A town built on a hill cannot be hidden. 15 Neither do people light a lamp and put it under a bowl. Instead they put it on its stand, and it gives light to everyone in the house. 16 In the same way, let your light shine before others, that they may see your good deeds and glorify your Father in heaven.

Murder

Injustice breeds anger and strife
But murder takes it to a new height
For those who take another's life
Will be judged, and their future not bright

But anger alone can lead to doom
For words can also bring the gloom
Calling names, mocking, acting rude
May land you in court with attitude

So before you offer your gift
Remember those you may have rift
Reconcile with them, make it right
Then come and offer with a clear sight

Settle disputes, do it fast
Before it's too late to break the past
Or else you may face a harsher fate
In prison, until the debt you sate

Commentary: The passage from the Gospel of Matthew 5:21-26 speaks to the issue of murder and the broader themes of anger, reconciliation, and justice. Jesus begins by referring to the commandment not to commit murder, but then expands on this by saying that even being angry with someone can lead to judgment. He goes on to caution against speaking derogatorily about others, using the example of calling someone a "fool," which could lead to eternal punishment. Jesus then offers practical advice on how to reconcile with others, emphasizing the importance of settling disputes before they escalate and lead to legal action.

Exegesis: The passage begins with Jesus quoting the commandment against murder and affirming its importance. However, he then goes beyond this to address the underlying issues of anger and hatred that can lead to violent actions. Jesus highlights the importance of not only refraining from physical violence but also controlling one's emotions and thoughts towards others. He argues that the intent behind actions is just as important as the actions themselves. Furthermore, he emphasizes the importance of reconciliation and maintaining healthy relationships with others. Jesus advises people to seek reconciliation and to settle disputes quickly, to avoid escalation and the legal consequences that follow.

Main Point: The primary message of this passage is that outward behavior is important, but what is in our hearts and minds is equally significant. Jesus teaches that it is not enough to simply avoid physical violence or murder; we must also control our thoughts, emotions, and attitudes towards others. This includes avoiding anger and hatred, as well as speaking positively about others. Additionally, Jesus stresses the importance of reconciliation and maintaining healthy relationships, which can be achieved through timely resolution of conflicts and disputes.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: From a spiritual perspective, this passage emphasizes the importance of cultivating inner peace and avoiding negative emotions that can harm others and ourselves. Jesus teaches that we must work on our hearts and minds to become better people, as well as to seek forgiveness and reconciliation when we harm others. From a theological perspective, this passage demonstrates Jesus's emphasis on the importance of mercy and forgiveness. He advises us to seek reconciliation with those who have wronged us and to forgive those who have wronged us. From a practical perspective, this passage teaches the importance of maintaining healthy relationships with others, resolving conflicts in a timely manner, and avoiding the legal consequences that come with escalating disputes. We should strive to be people who are known for their peacefulness, compassion, and ability to reconcile differences, rather than causing harm or perpetuating conflict.

Murder

21 “You have heard that it was said to the people long ago, ‘You shall not murder,[a] and anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ 22 But I tell you that anyone who is angry with a brother or sister[b][c] will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to a brother or sister, ‘Raca,’[d] is answerable to the court. And anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be in danger of the fire of hell.
23 “Therefore, if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, 24 leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to them; then come and offer your gift.
25 “Settle matters quickly with your adversary who is taking you to court. Do it while you are still together on the way, or your adversary may hand you over to the judge, and the judge may hand you over to the officer, and you may be thrown into prison. 26 Truly I tell you, you will not get out until you have paid the last penny.

Adultery

You've heard the commandment, "Do not commit adultery"
But I tell you, even looking lustfully is a form of infidelity
For the heart can be stained with impure desire
And in the eyes of the Lord, it's just as dire

If your right eye leads you astray
Gouge it out, without delay
It's better to lose a part, than to be thrown into hell
Where eternal torment and anguish dwell

And if your right hand is the source of your sin
Cut it off, let it go, and start again
For it's better to lose a hand, than to go down
To a place where suffering and misery abound

So resist temptation, and keep your heart pure
Don't let sinful desires lead you to an impure allure
For in the eyes of God, all sins are the same
And the wages of sin is eternal shame.

Commentary: The passage from the Gospel of Matthew 5:27-30 deals with the issue of adultery and sexual temptation. Jesus begins by quoting the commandment not to commit adultery, but then goes beyond this to address the underlying issues of lust and desire. He argues that even looking at a woman with lustful intent is tantamount to committing adultery in one's heart. He then offers a series of extreme examples to illustrate the seriousness of the matter, urging his followers to take drastic measures to avoid temptation.

Exegesis: The passage begins with Jesus quoting the commandment against adultery and affirming its importance. However, he then goes beyond this to address the underlying issues of lust and desire. Jesus argues that looking at someone with lustful intent is a sin equivalent to adultery, regardless of whether physical actions are taken. He then uses hyperbolic language to illustrate the seriousness of the issue, urging his followers to take drastic measures to avoid temptation. While these examples are not meant to be taken literally, they do emphasize the need for vigilance and discipline in the area of sexual temptation.

Main Point: The primary message of this passage is that sexual temptation is a serious matter that requires vigilance and discipline. Jesus teaches that lustful thoughts are just as sinful as physical actions, and that we must be careful to guard our hearts and minds against temptation. Additionally, Jesus stresses the importance of taking extreme measures to avoid temptation, even if it means sacrificing something as important as a hand or an eye.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: From a spiritual perspective, this passage emphasizes the importance of maintaining purity of heart and mind. Jesus teaches that we must work on our thoughts and desires to become better people, as well as to seek forgiveness and reconciliation when we fall short. From a theological perspective, this passage demonstrates Jesus's emphasis on the importance of holiness and obedience to God's commands. He urges his followers to take temptation seriously and to take whatever steps are necessary to avoid sin. From a practical perspective, this passage teaches the importance of accountability and self-discipline. We should surround ourselves with supportive friends and family members who will help us stay on the path of righteousness and avoid temptation, as well as taking practical steps to avoid situations where we may be tempted.

Adultery

27 “You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’[e] 28 But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29 If your right eye causes you to stumble, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. 30 And if your right hand causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to go into hell.

Divorce

A solemn vow, once made with love,
A bond meant to endure above.
But life can take its toll, it's true,
And hearts may break, emotions bruise.

The pain of parting, tears that flow,
A future now uncertain, unknown.
Legalities, a certificate of divorce,
A bitter end to a once-shared course.

But heed my words, with careful thought,
For divorce is not a thing to be sought.
Except for one cause, as I proclaim,
In cases of sexual immorality, the same.

For breaking hearts and breaking vows,
Leaving scars that may never fully house.
To marry another, post-divorce,
Is to commit adultery, a sinful force.

So tread with caution, hearts in hand,
Seek guidance, wisdom, understand.
Marriage, a sacred bond to cherish,
A commitment to honor, never perish.

Commentary: In this passage, Jesus is addressing the issue of divorce and its implications. He is responding to the religious leaders' question about whether or not it is lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason. Jesus begins by referencing a commandment from the Law of Moses that allowed men to divorce their wives by giving them a certificate of divorce. He then goes on to provide his own interpretation of the matter, stating that divorce, except in cases of sexual immorality, leads to adultery and makes the wife a victim.

Exegesis: Jesus' teachings on divorce in this passage reveal his high regard for marriage and his opposition to divorce. He argues that divorce should only be permitted in cases of sexual immorality, meaning that marriage is a sacred institution that should be upheld and protected. Jesus' statement that divorce leads to adultery reflects his understanding that marriage is a covenant between two people and God, and breaking that covenant through divorce leads to the violation of the marriage covenant and potential harm to both parties.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that marriage is a sacred institution that should not be taken lightly. Jesus' teachings on divorce in this passage emphasize the importance of upholding the marriage covenant and the serious consequences that come with breaking it.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson: From a spiritual and theological perspective, this passage teaches that marriage is a reflection of God's covenantal love for humanity. It is a sacred union that should be entered into with reverence and respect. Divorce should only be considered as a last resort in cases of infidelity or other serious breaches of the marriage covenant. In other words, the sanctity of marriage should be protected and preserved.

Practical Lesson: From a practical perspective, this passage teaches that we should take our marriage vows seriously and work to maintain our marriages. We should not be too quick to divorce our spouses, but instead seek to resolve conflicts and work through issues. If divorce becomes necessary, it should only be considered after all other options have been exhausted and in accordance with the biblical guidelines laid out in this passage. Additionally, this passage teaches that those who are considering marrying a divorced person should be aware of the implications and potential consequences of their actions.


The hills along the north shore of the Sea of Galilee where Jesus may have given the Sermon on the Mount

Divorce

31 “It has been said, ‘Anyone who divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce.’[f] 32 But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, makes her the victim of adultery, and anyone who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

Oaths

No need for vows,
no need for oaths,
for heaven's throne,
or earth below.

Jerusalem's city,
and your own head,
cannot guarantee
what you have said.

Just let your words
be true and clear,
with honesty and
integrity dear.

Say yes or no,
with conviction strong,
for anything else
is from the wrong.

This passage is part of the Sermon on the Mount, where Jesus is teaching about righteousness and the nature of the kingdom of heaven. Here, he addresses the issue of oaths, which were commonly used to establish trustworthiness and sincerity in Jewish culture. Jesus begins by acknowledging the traditional teaching that one should keep their oaths and fulfill their vows to the Lord. However, he then goes on to caution against swearing oaths at all, as this can lead to dishonesty and a lack of integrity.

Jesus argues that using oaths to make promises is unnecessary because the simple truth should be enough. He emphasizes that God's presence is everywhere, making it impossible to swear by anything without swearing by God indirectly. Therefore, people should not make oaths at all and should let their yes be yes and their no be no. This idea is similar to James 5:12, which says, "But above all, my brothers and sisters, do not swear—not by heaven or by earth or by anything else. All you need to say is a simple 'Yes' or 'No.' Otherwise you will be condemned."

The main point of this passage is that Christians should be people of integrity and honesty, and their words should reflect this. Jesus is calling his followers to speak truthfully and without the need for oaths or other forms of swearing. This is an important aspect of Christian ethics, as it emphasizes the value of honesty and the importance of keeping one's word.

The spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is that Christians should always be truthful and trustworthy. They should not need to make oaths or swear by anything to establish their credibility. Rather, their actions and words should speak for themselves. Theological and practical lessons include that Christians should be people of their word and always be truthful, even when it may be difficult or inconvenient. They should also be careful not to use God's name or other sacred things lightly, as this can show a lack of respect and reverence for the divine.

Oaths

33 “Again, you have heard that it was said to the people long ago, ‘Do not break your oath, but fulfill to the Lord the vows you have made.’ 34 But I tell you, do not swear an oath at all: either by heaven, for it is God’s throne; 35 or by the earth, for it is his footstool; or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the Great King. 36 And do not swear by your head, for you cannot make even one hair white or black. 37 All you need to say is simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything beyond this comes from the evil one.[g]

Eye for Eye

Turn the Other Cheek

An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth,
That's what they said, it's the olden truth.
But I tell you now, a different way,
To respond to evil, come what may.

Do not resist, do not retaliate,
Instead, show love, it's never too late.
If slapped on one cheek, turn the other side,
Let forgiveness and compassion be your guide.

If someone sues you, takes your shirt away,
Give them your coat, without delay.
If forced to go one mile, go the extra mile,
Show kindness and grace, it's worth the while.

Give to those in need, lend a helping hand,
Do not turn away, take a stand.
For love and generosity conquer all,
They break down barriers, they make hearts fall.

So let go of vengeance, anger, and strife,
Embrace forgiveness, it's the key to life.
Respond to evil with love's gentle light,
And watch it transform darkness into bright.

In this passage from Matthew 5:38-42, Jesus is challenging the traditional interpretation of the Old Testament law of "eye for eye, tooth for tooth" (Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21) and offering a new way of responding to injustice.

Exegesis: In Jewish law, the principle of "an eye for an eye" was meant to limit retaliation to a proportional response. However, Jesus challenges this interpretation and suggests that his followers should not seek revenge at all. Instead, he teaches them to turn the other cheek, to give more than what is asked of them, and to love their enemies. Jesus suggests that, rather than seeking revenge, his followers should respond to violence and injustice with nonviolent resistance. He encourages his followers to show compassion, to be generous, and to love their enemies. By doing so, they will break the cycle of violence and show that the kingdom of God is not of this world.

The main point of the story is that Jesus is teaching his followers to respond to evil with love, forgiveness, and compassion. Rather than seeking revenge or responding with violence, they should choose a path of nonviolent resistance.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: The passage challenges our natural human instinct to seek revenge and retaliate when we are wronged. Instead, we are called to turn the other cheek and to respond to evil with love and compassion. As followers of Christ, we are called to a higher standard of behavior, to live in a way that reflects God's love for all people.

Practical Lessons: The passage has practical applications for our daily lives. It challenges us to respond to difficult situations with love and generosity, even when it is difficult. It reminds us that by responding to evil with love and compassion, we can break the cycle of violence and build a more just and peaceful society. It also encourages us to look for ways to serve others and to be a positive influence in our communities.

Eye for Eye

38 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.’[h] 39 But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also. 40 And if anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, hand over your coat as well. 41 If anyone forces you to go one mile, go with them two miles. 42 Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you.

Love for Enemies

Love your neighbor, hate your foe,
this was what you used to know,
but now I say, love even more,
pray for those who hurt and ignore.

Children of God, we're meant to be,
by showing love to all we see,
for He makes the sun and rain,
fall on both good and evil's domain.

If you love only those who love you,
what's the reward that you pursue?
Even tax collectors do the same,
greeting only your own's just the same.

Be perfect, as your Father above,
showing love, forgiveness, and love,
for He is perfect, kind, and true,
so let His love flow through you.

This passage from the Gospel of Matthew is part of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount and is a call to love one's enemies. In the Jewish tradition, there was a belief that one should love their neighbor but hate their enemy. However, Jesus challenges this belief and calls for a radical love that extends even to one's enemies.

Jesus explains that by loving our enemies and praying for those who persecute us, we become children of our Father in heaven. This means that by showing love to our enemies, we are imitating God's love for all of his creation, regardless of whether they are good or evil.

Jesus goes on to challenge the idea that loving those who love us is enough. Even tax collectors and pagans do that. Instead, he calls us to love even those who hate us and do us harm. By doing so, we are embodying the perfection of God's love, which is unconditional and all-encompassing.

The main point of this story is that love is not just for those who are easy to love, but for everyone, including our enemies. We are called to love them, even though it may be difficult, and pray for their well-being. By doing so, we become more like our heavenly Father, who loves all of his children equally.

Spiritually, this passage teaches us that our love for others is a reflection of God's love for us. We are called to show love to others, even those who may not show love to us, because we are all children of God. Theologically, this passage emphasizes that God's love is unconditional and extends to everyone, regardless of their actions or beliefs. Practically, this passage calls us to examine our own attitudes towards others and to make a conscious effort to show love and kindness, even to those who may be difficult to love.

Love for Enemies

43 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor[i] and hate your enemy.’ 44 But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 that you may be children of your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. 46 If you love those who love you, what reward will you get? Are not even the tax collectors doing that? 47 And if you greet only your own people, what are you doing more than others? Do not even pagans do that? 48 Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect.

Giving to the Needy

Be careful, dear heart, not to seek
The praise of others, the approval you seek
For righteousness practiced in plain sight
May earn you applause, but not in His sight

Do not give to the needy with trumpets and fanfare
Seeking the glory that comes from man's stare
For the hypocrites have already received their reward
In the fleeting praise that men applaud

Instead, let your giving be done in secret
With your left hand not knowing your right, so discreet
For the Father who sees what is done in the dark
Will reward you openly, leaving His mark

So let your righteousness be practiced in silence
Without the approval of man, without any reliance
On the praise that comes from the world around
For the Father's reward is the true crown.

Commentary: This passage is part of the Sermon on the Mount, where Jesus teaches his disciples about the nature of righteousness and how they should practice it. In this specific passage, Jesus warns his disciples about the dangers of practicing righteousness to be seen by others. He exhorts them to practice it in secret, so that God may reward them.

Exegesis: Jesus starts by warning his disciples about practicing their righteousness in front of others to be seen by them. This kind of behavior is hypocritical and is not pleasing to God. Jesus then gives an example of giving to the needy. He advises his disciples not to announce their giving with trumpets, as the hypocrites do, to be honored by others. Instead, they should give in secret, without seeking any recognition. If they do so, God will reward them.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that righteousness should not be practiced to gain recognition from others but to please God. Giving to the needy is an act of righteousness, and it should be done in secret, without seeking any recognition from others. The reward for such acts of righteousness comes from God, not from the recognition of others.

Spiritual and Theological Lesson: This passage teaches us that our motivation for doing good deeds should be to please God, not to gain recognition from others. Jesus emphasizes that our reward for doing good deeds comes from God and not from the recognition of others. This principle applies not only to giving to the needy but to all acts of righteousness.

Practical Lesson: The practical lesson we can learn from this passage is that we should be humble and sincere in our acts of righteousness. We should not seek recognition or praise from others but should do good deeds in secret, without drawing attention to ourselves. We should remember that our reward comes from God, who sees what is done in secret. Therefore, we should focus on pleasing God rather than seeking recognition from others.

Giving to the Needy

6 “Be careful not to practice your righteousness in front of others to be seen by them. If you do, you will have no reward from your Father in heaven.
2 “So when you give to the needy, do not announce it with trumpets, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and on the streets, to be honored by others. Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full. 3 But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, 4 so that your giving may be in secret. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.

Prayer

Pray not like the hypocrites,
who seek attention and praises,
standing in synagogues and streets,
just to be seen by human gazes.

Their reward is what they seek,
but pray to God in secret's keep,
close the door and talk to Him,
for He's the One who sees within.

Don't keep on babbling like pagans,
thinking many words would reach heavens,
for your Father knows your needs,
before you even ask and plead.

In this passage, Jesus teaches his disciples how to pray. He begins by cautioning against praying for show or to impress others, as this is not sincere or meaningful prayer. Instead, he advises them to pray in private, where they can speak to God honestly and openly without any external distractions. Jesus also warns against repetitive, meaningless prayers, which he likens to pagan rituals. He encourages his followers to pray with sincerity, simplicity, and humility. Jesus then provides an example of how to pray, commonly known as the Lord's Prayer. The prayer begins by acknowledging God as our Father and expressing reverence for His name. It continues by asking for God's will to be done on earth, as it is in heaven, and for our daily needs to be met. We also ask for forgiveness for our sins, and we express our willingness to forgive those who have wronged us. Finally, we ask for guidance and protection from temptation and the evil one.

Exegesis: Jesus' teaching on prayer emphasizes the importance of sincerity, humility, and faithfulness. He warns against praying merely for show or out of obligation, as this does not reflect a genuine relationship with God. Instead, Jesus encourages his followers to pray in secret, where they can be honest and vulnerable before God. He also stresses the importance of forgiveness, both seeking it for ourselves and extending it to others.

The Lord's Prayer serves as a model for how to pray in a way that is both reverent and relational. We begin by acknowledging God as our Father, which recognizes our position as His beloved children. We then express our trust in His provision and sovereignty, seeking His will above our own. We also ask for forgiveness, recognizing our own sinfulness and our need for His mercy. Finally, we ask for guidance and protection, acknowledging our dependence on God's wisdom and power.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that prayer should be sincere, meaningful, and relational. It is not meant to be a show or a ritual, but rather an opportunity to speak honestly and openly with God. The Lord's Prayer serves as a model for how to pray with reverence, humility, and trust in God's provision and guidance.


Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: One spiritual lesson we can learn from this passage is the importance of humility in prayer. We must approach God with a sincere and humble heart, recognizing our own sinfulness and dependence on Him. Another theological lesson we can learn is the importance of forgiveness in our relationship with God and others. We cannot fully experience God's mercy and grace if we are unwilling to extend it to those who have wronged us. Finally, a practical lesson we can learn is the importance of regular, intentional prayer in our daily lives. By setting aside time to pray, we cultivate a deeper relationship with God and experience His guidance and provision in our lives.

Prayer

5 “And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by others. Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full. 6 But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you. 7 And when you pray, do not keep on babbling like pagans, for they think they will be heard because of their many words. 8 Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him.
9 “This, then, is how you should pray:
“‘Our Father in heaven,
hallowed be your name,
10 your kingdom come,
your will be done,
    on earth as it is in heaven.
11 Give us today our daily bread.
12 And forgive us our debts,
    as we also have forgiven our debtors.
13 And lead us not into temptation,[j]
    but deliver us from the evil one.[k]’
14 For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. 15 But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins.

Fasting

Oh, dear soul, when you fast, do not put on a show
Like the hypocrites who let everyone know
They disfigure their faces, make it obvious to see
That they are fasting, seeking praise from thee

Truly I tell you, they have their reward in full
For the approval of man is fleeting and dull
Instead, when you fast, anoint your head with oil
And wash your face, for your heart is the true soil

Let it be a secret between you and the Lord
For He is the one who sees and rewards
Do not let others know of your sacrifice and pain
For the Father's reward is far greater than any earthly gain

So fast in secret, with a humble and contrite heart
Let your sacrifice be known only to the Lord's part
And your Father, who sees what is done in secret
Will reward you openly, for His love is never neglect.

The passage in Matthew 6:16-18 discusses the topic of fasting, which is the act of abstaining from food or certain foods for a period of time, often for religious or spiritual purposes. Like with prayer, Jesus warns against practicing fasting for the sake of appearance or recognition, but rather encourages doing so in a way that is private and personal.

Jesus contrasts the behavior of hypocrites, who would intentionally make their fasting obvious to others by disfiguring their faces, with the behavior of those who truly fast for spiritual purposes. Those who fast should do so with a clean and presentable appearance, not drawing attention to themselves but focusing on their relationship with God.

The main point of the passage is that fasting, like prayer, should be done in a sincere and genuine manner that is not motivated by external rewards or recognition, but by a desire to deepen one's relationship with God. Fasting, when done in this way, can be a powerful spiritual practice that helps individuals focus their attention on God and align their will with His.

From a spiritual and theological perspective, the passage teaches that fasting can be a meaningful way to deepen one's relationship with God and strengthen one's faith. It also emphasizes the importance of not seeking recognition or approval from others, but rather finding fulfillment and reward in a relationship with God.

Practically, the passage encourages individuals to practice fasting in a private and personal way, rather than seeking external recognition or validation. This can be a challenging but rewarding practice for those seeking to grow spiritually and strengthen their relationship with God.

Fasting

16 “When you fast, do not look somber as the hypocrites do, for they disfigure their faces to show others they are fasting. Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full. 17 But when you fast, put oil on your head and wash your face, 18 so that it will not be obvious to others that you are fasting, but only to your Father, who is unseen; and your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.

Treasures in Heaven

Do not hoard treasures on earth,
where thieves and moths bring their worth,
store treasures in heaven instead,
where they're safe and forever fed.

For where your treasure lies,
your heart will follow and arise,
let your heart be filled with light,
by keeping your focus on what's right.

The eye is the light of the soul,
with healthy eyes, you'll be whole,
but if they're unhealthy and unclear,
darkness will fill you with fear.

No one can serve two masters, see,
it's either God or money you'll plea,
devotion to one, hatred for the other,
choose wisely, for there's no other.

This passage is part of the Sermon on the Mount where Jesus teaches his disciples about the nature of true wealth and the dangers of serving both God and money. He warns them against storing up treasures on earth and urges them to focus on storing up treasures in heaven.

Exegesis: Jesus begins by warning his disciples not to store up treasures on earth, where they can be destroyed or stolen. He urges them to focus on storing up treasures in heaven, which are eternal and cannot be destroyed or stolen. He then explains that our hearts follow where we store our treasures, and that our eyes are like lamps that illuminate our bodies. If our eyes are healthy, our whole body will be full of light, but if our eyes are unhealthy, our whole body will be full of darkness. Finally, Jesus emphasizes that we cannot serve both God and money. We must choose one master or the other.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that our true wealth is not found in earthly possessions but in our relationship with God. We should focus on storing up treasures in heaven, which are eternal, rather than storing up treasures on earth, which are temporary. Our eyes, which are like lamps, should be focused on God and not on worldly possessions. We cannot serve both God and money, and we must choose which master we will serve.

Spiritual and Theological Lesson: This passage teaches us that our focus should be on our relationship with God and not on worldly possessions. The pursuit of wealth and material possessions can distract us from our true purpose and lead us away from God. Our eyes, which are like lamps, should be focused on God and not on the things of this world. We cannot serve both God and money, and we must choose to serve God above all else.

Practical Lesson: The practical lesson we can learn from this passage is that we should focus on storing up treasures in heaven rather than on accumulating wealth and possessions on earth. We should prioritize our relationship with God and ensure that our eyes are focused on Him, rather than being distracted by worldly things. Additionally, we should recognize that our choice of master will shape our values and priorities. Therefore, we must choose to serve God above all else and align our values with His.

Treasures in Heaven

19 “Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moths and vermin destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. 20 But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moths and vermin do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. 21 For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.
22 “The eye is the lamp of the body. If your eyes are healthy,[l] your whole body will be full of light. 23 But if your eyes are unhealthy,[m] your whole body will be full of darkness. If then the light within you is darkness, how great is that darkness!
24 “No one can serve two masters. Either you will hate the one and love the other, or you will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve both God and money.

Do Not Worry

Do not worry about your life, dear friend
For the Father above will provide until the end
Food and drink, clothes to wear
He will give, and show that He cares

Look at the birds, soaring free
They do not plant or reap, yet they never flee
The Father above provides for them
Are we not worth more than these precious gems?

Do not worry about tomorrow, or what it may bring
For the Father's provision is an everlasting thing
See how the flowers of the field grow
Without worry or stress, they put on a stunning show

If the Father clothes the grass that fades away
Will He not much more provide for us every day?
Do not worry about what you will eat, drink or wear
For the Father knows your needs, and He will always be there

Seek first His kingdom, and His righteousness
For in Him, we find true peace and happiness
Do not worry about tomorrow, for it has its own cares
Each day has enough trouble, but the Father always shares

So do not worry, my dear friend
For the Father above will provide until the end
Trust in Him, and let go of your fears
For His love for us will never disappear.

In this passage, Jesus teaches his disciples to not worry about their lives and material needs, but to trust in God to provide for them. He uses examples from nature, such as birds and flowers, to illustrate God's care and provision for all living things. Jesus encourages his disciples to seek first God's kingdom and righteousness, and promises that their material needs will be taken care of.

Exegesis: Jesus begins by telling his disciples not to worry about their lives, specifically their basic needs such as food, drink, and clothing. He emphasizes that life is more than just these material things, and encourages his followers to trust in God's provision for them. Jesus points to the birds of the air, who do not sow or reap or store food, yet are still fed by God. He then asks his disciples, "Are you not much more valuable than they?" (v. 26), emphasizing the value and importance of human beings to God. Jesus then shifts to the topic of clothing, and again points to nature as an example of God's care and provision. He describes how the flowers of the field do not work or spin, yet are still adorned with beauty that surpasses even the wealth and splendor of King Solomon. Jesus again emphasizes the value and importance of his disciples to God, saying that if God clothes the grass of the field in such beauty, he will surely provide clothing for his followers. Jesus then offers a solution to the problem of worry: seek first God's kingdom and righteousness. He promises that if his followers prioritize their relationship with God, their material needs will be taken care of. Jesus concludes by reminding his disciples not to worry about tomorrow, but to focus on each day as it comes.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that followers of Jesus should trust in God's care and provision for their material needs, and prioritize their relationship with him above all else.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: This passage teaches several spiritual and theological lessons. Firstly, it emphasizes the value and importance of human beings to God, who provides for their needs and cares for them. Secondly, it encourages believers to trust in God's provision and care, and to prioritize their relationship with him above their material needs. Thirdly, it reminds followers of Jesus to live in the present moment and not worry about the future, trusting that God will provide for their needs.

Practical Application: The practical lesson that can be learned from this passage is to prioritize one's relationship with God above all else, and trust in his care and provision for one's material needs. This can be applied by seeking to deepen one's relationship with God through prayer, worship, and studying his word, and by trusting in him to provide for one's needs rather than worrying about them.

Do Not Worry

25 “Therefore I tell you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or drink; or about your body, what you will wear. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothes? 26 Look at the birds of the air; they do not sow or reap or store away in barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not much more valuable than they? 27 Can any one of you by worrying add a single hour to your life[n]?
28 “And why do you worry about clothes? See how the flowers of the field grow. They do not labor or spin. 29 Yet I tell you that not even Solomon in all his splendor was dressed like one of these. 30 If that is how God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today and tomorrow is thrown into the fire, will he not much more clothe you—you of little faith? 31 So do not worry, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’ 32 For the pagans run after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them. 33 But seek first his kingdom and his righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well. 34 Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself. Each day has enough trouble of its own.

Judging Others

Do not judge, or you'll be judged the same,
for your own measure will be your claim,
why focus on your brother's speck of dust,
when there's a plank in your own eye you must adjust?

You hypocrite, remove your own plank first,
then you'll see clearly to remove the speck accursed,
do not give to dogs what is sacred and pure,
nor cast your pearls before swine so obscure.

For they'll trample them under their feet,
and turn to tear you apart with deceit,
so be wise with whom you share your treasure,
and judge yourself before seeking others' measure.

This passage from the Gospel of Matthew emphasizes the importance of not judging others. Jesus warns against the hypocritical tendency of pointing out the faults of others while ignoring one's own. He uses the metaphor of a speck in someone's eye to illustrate how easy it is to focus on the shortcomings of others without recognizing one's own. The passage concludes with a warning to avoid sharing valuable things with those who will not appreciate them.

Exegesis: In this passage, Jesus begins by telling his followers not to judge others. He emphasizes that the same standard they use to judge others will be used to judge them. He then uses a powerful metaphor to illustrate the absurdity of focusing on others' shortcomings while ignoring one's own. He compares a speck of sawdust in someone's eye to a plank in one's own eye, emphasizing the importance of self-awareness and humility.

Jesus then speaks to the hypocrites who judge others without acknowledging their own faults, calling them out and instructing them to remove the plank from their own eye before attempting to remove the speck from their brother's eye. He concludes the passage with a warning to avoid giving valuable things to those who will not appreciate them, using the metaphors of pearls and pigs.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that we should not judge others, and we should focus on our own shortcomings before pointing out those of others. We should not be hypocritical and should be self-aware and humble. We should also be careful about sharing valuable things with those who will not appreciate them.

Spiritual and Theological Lesson: This passage teaches us about the importance of humility and self-awareness. It also reminds us that we are all sinners and that we should avoid judging others. In addition, it emphasizes the importance of being careful with our words and actions, particularly when it comes to sharing valuable things with others.

Practical Application: The practical lesson we can learn from this passage is to focus on our own faults and shortcomings before pointing out those of others. We should strive to be humble, self-aware, and non-judgmental. We should also be careful about sharing valuable things with others, particularly when we are unsure of their appreciation.

Judging Others

7 “Do not judge, or you too will be judged. 2 For in the same way you judge others, you will be judged, and with the measure you use, it will be measured to you.
3 “Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother’s eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye? 4 How can you say to your brother, ‘Let me take the speck out of your eye,’ when all the time there is a plank in your own eye? 5 You hypocrite, first take the plank out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye.
6 “Do not give dogs what is sacred; do not throw your pearls to pigs. If you do, they may trample them under their feet, and turn and tear you to pieces.

Ask, Seek, Knock

Ask, and you shall receive, dear friend
Seek, and you will find until the end
Knock, and the door will open wide
For the Father above will always provide

If a child asks for bread, would you give a stone?
Or if he asks for fish, would you give a serpent to roam?
As evil as we may be, we still know how to give good gifts
How much more will the Father give to those who persist?

So in everything you do, be kind and true
Treat others as you want them to treat you
For this sums up the Law and the Prophets' call
To love one another, and give our all

Ask, and it will be given to you
Seek, and you will find the way that's true
Knock, and the door will open wide
For the Father above is always by your side.

This passage comes from the Sermon on the Mount, where Jesus is instructing his followers on how to live in a way that is pleasing to God. The passage begins with Jesus telling his listeners to ask, seek, and knock. He encourages them to pray and seek God's will in their lives. Jesus assures his listeners that God is willing to give them good things if they ask. Jesus then uses a familiar analogy to illustrate his point. He asks, "Which of you, if your son asks for bread, will give him a stone? Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a snake?" He points out that even imperfect human parents know how to give good gifts to their children. How much more, then, will God, who is perfect and loving, give good gifts to those who ask Him?

Finally, Jesus gives his listeners a practical application of this teaching. He tells them to do to others what they would have them do to them, summarizing the Law and the Prophets. The main point of this passage is that God is willing to give good gifts to those who ask Him. Jesus encourages his listeners to seek God's will in their lives and trust that He will provide for their needs. This passage also highlights the importance of treating others with kindness and respect, as we would want them to treat us.

Spiritually, this passage reminds us of God's love and generosity towards us. It encourages us to approach God in prayer and to trust that He will provide for our needs. Theologically, it reminds us of God's character as a loving and generous Father who cares for His children. Practically, it reminds us to treat others with kindness and respect, living in a way that reflects God's love and generosity towards us.

Ask, Seek, Knock

7 “Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be opened to you. 8 For everyone who asks receives; the one who seeks finds; and to the one who knocks, the door will be opened.
9 “Which of you, if your son asks for bread, will give him a stone? 10 Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a snake? 11 If you, then, though you are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father in heaven give good gifts to those who ask him! 12 So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets.

The Narrow and Wide Gates

Enter through the narrow gate, my friend,
for wide is the gate and road that leads to end,
destruction and despair will greet you there,
and many enter through that path so fair.

But small is the gate and narrow the way,
that leads to life and hope, I must say,
only a few will find this hidden trail,
but it leads to joys that will never fail.

So choose your path wisely, with care,
for the road you take will lead you somewhere,
eternal life or eternal death,
the choice is yours, with every breath.

In this passage, Jesus addresses his disciples and the crowds gathered around him, giving them guidance and teaching on how to live a righteous life. In this particular passage, Jesus speaks about two paths that people can choose to follow in their lives, one that leads to destruction and one that leads to life.

Exegesis: Jesus begins by urging his listeners to enter through the narrow gate, as the wide gate and broad road lead to destruction. The narrow gate and road, however, lead to life, but only a few people find it. Jesus is warning his listeners that the popular way, the one that most people follow, is not the right way. He wants them to understand that following the crowd can lead them astray and ultimately result in their destruction.

The main point of the story: The passage is a warning against following the crowd and the popular way of life. It is a call to follow the narrow path, which may not be popular but leads to life. It emphasizes the importance of making the right choices in life and not just going with the flow.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lesson: The spiritual lesson to be learned from this passage is that the way to salvation is narrow and not easy to find. It requires effort, commitment, and a willingness to go against the popular culture. The theological lesson is that Jesus is the way, the truth, and the life, and that following him is the only way to eternal life. The practical lesson is that we should not be swayed by the opinions of others or the popular culture. We should strive to live a righteous life, even if it means going against the crowd. We should also be aware that the way we live our lives has eternal consequences and that we must choose our path carefully.

The Narrow and Wide Gates

13 “Enter through the narrow gate. For wide is the gate and broad is the road that leads to destruction, and many enter through it. 14 But small is the gate and narrow the road that leads to life, and only a few find it.




True and False Prophets

Beware of false prophets in sheep's clothing
For they hide their ferocity with a guise so soothing
Their words may sound sweet and their actions seem right
But inwardly they're wolves, ready to bite

By their fruits, you shall know them
For a good tree bears good fruit without any stem
No grapes from thornbushes, no figs from thistles
A bad tree bears bad fruit, full of prickles

A good tree cannot bear bad fruit
Just as a bad tree cannot bear anything good
Every tree that fails to bear good fruit
Is cut down and thrown into the fire without dispute

So be careful who you follow and who you trust
For false prophets will lead you astray and cause you to rust
Examine their fruits and listen to what they say
And be wary of those who lead you astray.

True and False Prophets

15 “Watch out for false prophets. They come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly they are ferocious wolves. 16 By their fruit you will recognize them. Do people pick grapes from thornbushes, or figs from thistles? 17 Likewise, every good tree bears good fruit, but a bad tree bears bad fruit. 18 A good tree cannot bear bad fruit, and a bad tree cannot bear good fruit. 19 Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. 20 Thus, by their fruit you will recognize them.

True and False Disciples

Not everyone who claims to know the Lord
Will enter heaven's gate,
But only those who do the will
Of God, who's good and great.

On that final day, many will say
Lord, Lord, we prophesied in your name
And drove out demons with your power,
But Jesus will declare their fame

And say, "I never knew you,
You evildoers, depart from me."
For it's not enough to talk the talk,
We must also walk the walk, you see.

Those who hear and do God's will
Are like the wise man who built his house
On a foundation of solid rock,
Withstand the storm without a doubt.

But those who hear and do nothing
Are like the foolish man, building on sand,
When the storm comes, their house will fall,
With a great crash, on sinking land.

So let us not just claim to know,
But truly follow God's way,
For only then will we stand firm,
On that final judgment day.

In this passage, Jesus warns his followers to be cautious of false prophets who may come in sheep's clothing, but are actually ferocious wolves. He explains that we can recognize false prophets by examining their fruits, just as we can tell the quality of a tree by its fruit. A good tree bears good fruit, while a bad tree bears bad fruit. Therefore, it is important to be discerning and test the teachings of those who claim to speak for God, and to look for evidence of the fruit of the Spirit in their lives.

Exegesis: Jesus begins this passage by warning his followers to watch out for false prophets who may deceive them by appearing as harmless sheep. However, these people are inwardly dangerous like ferocious wolves. He then explains that we can recognize these false prophets by examining their fruits, which refer to the outcomes of their teachings and the moral character they display. A good tree cannot bear bad fruit, and a bad tree cannot bear good fruit. Therefore, we can determine the truthfulness of a prophet's teachings by observing the fruit they produce in their lives.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that we need to be careful to discern the teachings of those who claim to speak for God. We should not be deceived by appearances, but we should examine their teachings and the fruit of their lives to determine if they are truly speaking the truth. By doing so, we can avoid being led astray by false prophets and instead follow the true path of righteousness.


Spiritual and Theological Lesson: The spiritual and theological lesson that can be learned from this passage is that discernment is a vital quality for any follower of Christ. We must be able to distinguish between true and false teachings, as well as between true and false teachers. By doing so, we can avoid being led astray and can remain firmly rooted in the truth of God's Word. Additionally, this passage highlights the importance of living a life that bears good fruit, as evidence of a genuine relationship with God.

Practical Application: The practical lesson that can be learned from this passage is that we need to be intentional in testing the teachings of those who claim to speak for God. We should not blindly accept everything we hear, but we should compare it to the truth of God's Word and observe the fruit of the teacher's life. Additionally, we should strive to bear good fruit in our own lives, so that others may recognize the authenticity of our faith and be drawn closer to God through our example.

True and False Disciples

21 “Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven. 22 Many will say to me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name and in your name drive out demons and in your name perform many miracles?’ 23 Then I will tell them plainly, ‘I never knew you. Away from me, you evildoers!’

The sermon was given by Jesus to a large crowd. It is commonly known as the Beatitudes, which are a set of blessings that Jesus bestows upon those who are poor in spirit, mournful, meek, hungry for righteousness, merciful, pure in heart, peacemakers, and persecuted for righteousness. Jesus also emphasizes that he did not come to abolish the law but to uphold it and urges his followers to let their light shine so that others may see their good deeds and praise God.

In this sermon, Jesus also provides guidance on how to live a righteous life. He teaches his followers to not only avoid committing physical acts of harm, such as killing or taking revenge, but also to control their thoughts and emotions by forgiving those who have wronged them and loving their enemies. He emphasizes the importance of humility and warns against hypocrisy, urging his followers to pray and give to charity without seeking attention or praise.

Jesus also reminds his followers not to worry about material possessions or wealth, as they cannot serve both God and money. He encourages them to seek treasures in heaven rather than on earth and warns against judgment and criticism of others.

Finally, Jesus concludes the sermon by urging his followers to put his teachings into practice, emphasizing the importance of a strong foundation built on faith in God. Overall, the Beatitudes and the rest of the sermon provide guidance on how to live a righteous and fulfilling life, centered on love, forgiveness, humility, and devotion to God.

What spiritual and practical lesson can be learned from the passage?

The Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7) contains many spiritual and practical lessons that are still relevant to us today. Some of the main lessons include:

The importance of living a righteous life: Jesus teaches that it is not enough to simply avoid committing certain sins; we must also cultivate a heart that is pure and seeks after God's righteousness.
The power of forgiveness: Jesus teaches that we must forgive others if we want to receive forgiveness ourselves.
The need to love our enemies: Jesus teaches that we should love our enemies and pray for those who persecute us.
The importance of prayer: Jesus teaches that we should pray in secret, with sincerity and humility.
The danger of hypocrisy: Jesus warns against the dangers of hypocrisy and urges us to be sincere in our faith and actions.
The importance of trusting in God: Jesus encourages us to trust in God's provision and not to worry about material possessions.

The need to follow Jesus: Jesus calls us to follow him and to build our lives on his teachings.

The main point of the Sermon on the Mount is to provide a comprehensive teaching on what it means to live a righteous life and to be a follower of Jesus. It covers a wide range of topics, including the Beatitudes (blessed are the poor in spirit, those who mourn, the meek, etc.), the importance of loving our enemies, the dangers of hypocrisy, and the need to trust in God. Through these teachings, Jesus provides a vision for what it means to live a life that is pleasing to God and that reflects his kingdom values.

The Sermon on the Mount is a central teaching of Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew, and it is often seen as a summary of his teachings and the essence of his message. Many of the themes and teachings in the Sermon on the Mount are echoed throughout the New Testament, such as the call to love one another and to live a life that reflects God's character. Additionally, the teachings in the Sermon on the Mount are rooted in the Jewish scriptures and draw on the wisdom and teachings of the Old Testament.

Healing of a leper and a centurion's servant (Matthew 8:1-13)

Jesus Heals a Man With Leprosy

In the crowd, a man with leprosy came
And knelt before Jesus, calling out his name
He said, "Lord, if you're willing, make me clean"
Hoping for a miracle, for his skin to gleam

Jesus reached out his hand and touched the man
And said, "I am willing, be cleansed from this ban"
The leprosy left him instantly
And he was healed, completely free

Jesus told the man, "Don't tell anyone what you've seen"
But go to the priest, and fulfill what's been
Commanded by Moses, as a testimony
Of the miracle that's made you holy

The man went away, no longer unclean
His faith in Jesus, forever seen
As a testament to the power of love
From the Lord above, who reigns in heaven above.

The passage describes two instances where Jesus performs miraculous healings in the town of Capernaum. In the first instance, a leper, who was considered unclean by society due to his skin condition, approaches Jesus and asks to be healed. Jesus is moved with compassion and touches the man's hand, telling him to be clean. Immediately, the man is healed, and Jesus instructs him to show himself to the priest and make sacrifices as per Moses' commands. However, the man is so overwhelmed by the miracle that he ends up telling everyone about it, causing more people to come to Jesus to be healed.

In the second instance, Jesus is preaching in a crowded house, and a paralyzed man is brought to him by his friends. Unable to get through the crowd, the friends carry the paralyzed man up to the roof, make a hole in it, and lower him down to Jesus. Jesus is impressed with their faith and tells the paralyzed man that his sins are forgiven. The Pharisees and the teachers of the law are shocked and accuse Jesus of blasphemy, as only God can forgive sins. However, Jesus proves his authority by instructing the man to get up, take his mat, and go home. The paralyzed man is immediately healed, and everyone is amazed.

Overall, these two stories illustrate the power of Jesus' healing and the faith of the people who came to him for help. Despite societal norms and religious laws, Jesus showed compassion and healed those who were deemed unclean or sinful. These miraculous healings drew more people to Jesus and further solidified his reputation as a powerful and compassionate leader.

Jesus Heals a Man With Leprosy

8 When Jesus came down from the mountainside, large crowds followed him. 2 A man with leprosy[a] came and knelt before him and said, “Lord, if you are willing, you can make me clean.”
3 Jesus reached out his hand and touched the man. “I am willing,” he said. “Be clean!” Immediately he was cleansed of his leprosy. 4 Then Jesus said to him, “See that you don’t tell anyone. But go, show yourself to the priest and offer the gift Moses commanded, as a testimony to them.”

The Faith of the Centurion

The centurion, a man of great faith,
Came to Jesus seeking aid,
His servant, paralyzed and suffering,
In need of healing, a great offering.

“Lord,” he said, “I do not deserve,
For you to come under my roof and serve,
Just say the word, and he’ll be healed,
For I am a man with soldiers under me, a field.”

Amazed by his words and his belief,
Jesus spoke to those following with relief,
“This man's faith is greater than any in Israel,
Many will come from the east and the west, to quell."

The centurion's servant was healed that day,
Just as he had believed in every way,
With faith, anything is possible,
Even the most miraculous of the impossible.


The excavation of Capernaum, the ancient village on Galilee’s north shore where Jesus was approached by a centurion (Matt. 8:5)

The town of Capernaum served as the base of Jesus during his ministry, where he performed numerous miracles. Among those who heard about his teachings and astonishing powers was a Roman centurion. This centurion had a loyal servant who had been with him for many years, and was now dangerously ill. Unsure of what to do, the centurion sought help from the elders of the synagogue in Capernaum, who he knew and trusted.

The elders approached Jesus and begged him to come to the centurion's house and save the servant's life. They spoke highly of the centurion, saying that he loved their nation and even built a synagogue for them. Jesus agreed to accompany them to the house, which was not far away.

However, before they reached the house, the centurion himself came out to meet Jesus. He respectfully asked Jesus not to trouble himself, saying that he did not deserve to have Jesus come under his roof. He explained that he knew of Jesus's authority and that he believed that if Jesus simply spoke the word, his servant would be healed.

Jesus was astonished by the centurion's faith and declared that he had not found anyone in the whole of Israel with such great faith. The centurion then returned home to find that his servant had been completely healed, despite being at death's door.

This story is a testament to the power of faith and the belief that even a simple word from Jesus can heal the sick. It also highlights the compassion and humility of Jesus, who did not hesitate to help those in need, regardless of their social status or nationality.

The Faith of the Centurion

5 When Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to him, asking for help. 6 “Lord,” he said, “my servant lies at home paralyzed, suffering terribly.”
7 Jesus said to him, “Shall I come and heal him?”
8 The centurion replied, “Lord, I do not deserve to have you come under my roof. But just say the word, and my servant will be healed. 9 For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me. I tell this one, ‘Go,’ and he goes; and that one, ‘Come,’ and he comes. I say to my servant, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.”
10 When Jesus heard this, he was amazed and said to those following him, “Truly I tell you, I have not found anyone in Israel with such great faith. 11 I say to you that many will come from the east and the west, and will take their places at the feast with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. 12 But the subjects of the kingdom will be thrown outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.”
13 Then Jesus said to the centurion, “Go! Let it be done just as you believed it would.” And his servant was healed at that moment.



Jesus calms a storm (Matthew 8:23-27)

The waves were crashing, the winds were howling,
The disciples' fear was fast unspooling.
As the boat was tossed by the raging storm,
Jesus slept on, unconcerned and warm.

But the disciples cried out in their distress,
"Lord, save us, we're going to drown, we confess!"
Jesus woke and calmly spoke,
"Why are you so afraid, you of little hope?"

He rose and rebuked the winds and the waves,
The tempest stilled, the sea became a calm glaze.
The disciples stared in awe and wonder,
"What kind of man is this, to make nature sunder?"


The story of Jesus calming the storm is a well-known and beloved tale from the New Testament. It is a powerful demonstration of Jesus' divine power and his ability to control the elements. In this story, Jesus and his disciples are out on the Sea of Galilee when a sudden storm arises. The wind whips up the waves, and the boat is in danger of sinking.

The disciples are terrified and wake Jesus from his sleep, pleading for him to save them. Jesus stands up and speaks to the wind and waves, commanding them to be still. Immediately, the storm subsides, and the sea becomes calm once again.

This miraculous event leaves the disciples in awe, realizing that Jesus has power over even the forces of nature. The story illustrates Jesus' unwavering faith and the unwavering faith that his followers must have in him.

The calming of the storm is not only a demonstration of Jesus' power but also a metaphor for the turmoil and chaos that can arise in life. Just as Jesus calmed the storm, he has the power to calm the storms in our lives and bring peace to our troubled souls. This story is a reminder that we can always turn to Jesus in times of trouble and trust that he will be there to guide and protect us.

Jesus Calms the Storm

23 Then he got into the boat and his disciples followed him. 24 Suddenly a furious storm came up on the lake, so that the waves swept over the boat. But Jesus was sleeping. 25 The disciples went and woke him, saying, “Lord, save us! We’re going to drown!”
26 He replied, “You of little faith, why are you so afraid?” Then he got up and rebuked the winds and the waves, and it was completely calm.
27 The men were amazed and asked, “What kind of man is this? Even the winds and the waves obey him!”



Healing of two demon-possessed men (Matthew 8:28-34)

In the land of Gadarenes,
Two demon-possessed men did roam,
So violent and wild, no one dared pass,
They were left to roam alone.

Then Jesus came to this cursed land,
And the demons knew who he was,
"Son of God, have you come to torture us?"
They cried out in fear and in loss.

Jesus saw a herd of pigs nearby,
And the demons begged to enter inside,
He commanded them to go, and they did,
The pigs rushed down the bank, and died.

The keepers of the pigs went to town,
And told of the miracle they had seen,
The demon-possessed men were now free,
But the people's response was obscene.
They pleaded with Jesus to leave,

For they were afraid of his might,
They had seen the power of God,
But they chose to live in fear and in fright.

The scene is set in a desolate and eerie location, where a man possessed by demons has been living among the tombs of the dead for years. He is described as being bound in chains with cuts on his arms and legs and wearing torn, filthy clothes. He is clearly in distress and is terrifying anyone who comes near him.

As Jesus approaches the possessed man, he falls at his feet and begs him not to torture him. Jesus politely asks the man his name, to which he replies, "Legion" because he has so many demons inside him. Jesus then notices a herd of pigs nearby and instructs the demons possessing the man to leave and go into the pigs.

The demons obey and possess the pigs, causing them to run off the hill and into the sea where they drown. The herdsmen who were looking after the pigs are astonished and rush off to tell everyone what has happened.

When the people arrive at the scene, they see the formerly possessed man sitting calmly at Jesus's feet, talking quietly. They are confused and ask Jesus and his disciples to leave. Before leaving, the man who has been cleansed of his demons begs to go with them, but Jesus instructs him to go home and tell everyone what God has done for him.

This story shows Jesus's power over evil spirits and his ability to heal the sick. It also highlights the fear and confusion that people may have when confronted with supernatural events.

Jesus Restores Two Demon-Possessed Men

28 When he arrived at the other side in the region of the Gadarenes,[a] two demon-possessed men coming from the tombs met him. They were so violent that no one could pass that way. 29 “What do you want with us, Son of God?” they shouted. “Have you come here to torture us before the appointed time?”
30 Some distance from them a large herd of pigs was feeding. 31 The demons begged Jesus, “If you drive us out, send us into the herd of pigs.”
32 He said to them, “Go!” So they came out and went into the pigs, and the whole herd rushed down the steep bank into the lake and died in the water. 33 Those tending the pigs ran off, went into the town and reported all this, including what had happened to the demon-possessed men. 34 Then the whole town went out to meet Jesus. And when they saw him, they pleaded with him to leave their region.

Healing of a paralytic (Matthew 9:1-8 )

A paralytic was brought to Him,
Lying on a bed, unable to move a limb.
Jesus saw their faith and said with care,
"Take heart, my son, your sins are forgiven, be aware."

The scribes thought, "This man blasphemes,
Only God can forgive, or so it seems."
Jesus knew their thoughts, and questioned why,
"Which is easier to say, 'Your sins are forgiven' or 'Rise and walk', identify."

"But to show you the Son of Man's authority on earth,
I say to this man, rise and show your worth."
The paralytic stood up, picked up his bed,
Went home glorifying God, who gave such authority to men instead.

The crowd was amazed, with fear in their hearts,
They saw the power of God, and the faith that imparts.
May we too have such faith, that trusts and obeys,
To receive forgiveness, healing, and God's amazing grace.

This passage from the Gospel of Matthew portrays a significant event in the ministry of Jesus. Jesus had returned to his own city, and a paralyzed man was brought to him on a bed by some people. When Jesus saw the faith of those who brought the paralytic, he proclaimed, "Take heart, my son; your sins are forgiven." However, this statement was met with opposition from the scribes, who accused Jesus of blasphemy, as only God had the authority to forgive sins. In response to their thoughts, Jesus challenged them by asking which is easier to say, "Your sins are forgiven," or "Rise and walk." He then declared that he would demonstrate his authority on earth to forgive sins by healing the paralytic. Jesus commanded the man to rise, pick up his bed, and go home, and the man was immediately healed and obeyed Jesus' words. The passage highlights Jesus' authority as the Son of Man, not only to heal physical ailments but also to forgive sins. It emphasizes the divinity of Jesus, as he exercises the prerogatives of God in forgiving sins, which was a radical and controversial concept for the scribes and religious leaders of that time.

Exegesis:
The paralytic in this story represents all humanity, spiritually paralyzed by sin and in need of forgiveness. The paralytic's physical condition reflects the spiritual state of humanity, unable to move, trapped in the consequences of sin. The actions of the people who brought the paralytic to Jesus demonstrate the importance of intercession and faith. Jesus, in response to their faith, extends grace and forgiveness to the paralyzed man. The scribes' opposition to Jesus' authority to forgive sins reveals their limited understanding of who Jesus is. They accuse him of blasphemy, as they do not recognize him as the Son of God with divine authority. However, Jesus' question about which is easier, to say, "Your sins are forgiven," or to say, "Rise and walk," challenges their understanding and reveals that Jesus' authority to forgive sins is inseparable from his authority to perform miraculous healings. The healing of the paralytic serves as evidence of Jesus' authority and divinity. It is a visible sign of his power to forgive sins, as he claims to be the Son of Man with authority on earth. The response of the crowds, who glorified God for giving such authority to Jesus, highlights the significance of Jesus' actions and teachings.

Main Point:
The main point of this passage is to reveal Jesus as the Son of Man with divine authority to forgive sins and perform miraculous healings. It emphasizes Jesus' identity as the Son of God and highlights the importance of faith, intercession, and the power of Jesus' forgiveness to bring healing and restoration to spiritually paralyzed humanity.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson:
This passage teaches us several spiritual and theological lessons. Firstly, it emphasizes the divinity of Jesus, as he claims the authority to forgive sins, which is a prerogative of God alone. It highlights Jesus as the unique Son of God, who has the power to heal not only physical ailments but also spiritual brokenness caused by sin. Secondly, the passage underscores the importance of faith in approaching Jesus. The faith of the people who brought the paralytic to Jesus and their intercession on his behalf demonstrate the significance of faith in receiving God's grace and forgiveness. It reminds us of the power of faith to move us from a state of spiritual paralysis to a state of restoration and wholeness in Christ. Lastly, the passage challenges us to recognize Jesus' authority and identity correctly. The scribes' misunderstanding of Jesus' authority to forgive sins serves as a caution against limited and flawed perspectives of Jesus

Jesus Heals a Paralytic

9 And getting into a boat he crossed over and came to his own city. 2 And behold, some people brought to him a paralytic, lying on a bed. And when Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralytic, “Take heart, my son; your sins are forgiven.” 3 And behold, some of the scribes said to themselves, “This man is blaspheming.” 4 But Jesus, knowing[a] their thoughts, said, “Why do you think evil in your hearts? 5 For which is easier, to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Rise and walk’? 6 But that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”—he then said to the paralytic—“Rise, pick up your bed and go home.” 7 And he rose and went home. 8 When the crowds saw it, they were afraid, and they glorified God, who had given such authority to men.

Call of Matthew (Matthew 9:9-13)

Matthew, at his booth collecting tax,
Encountered a man who made a pact
“Follow me,” Jesus called out loud
And Matthew stood up from the crowd.

At his house, they shared a meal
With sinners and tax collectors, a big deal
The Pharisees disapproved and questioned why
Jesus ate with them, they wondered with a sigh.

“It’s not the healthy who need a hand,
But the sick who need a doctor's stand,”
Jesus explained with a gentle voice
“Mercy, not sacrifice,” is my choice.

The righteous are not who I call,
But the sinners who need my all
Matthew answered to the call of grace,
And found salvation in Jesus’ embrace.

In this passage, Jesus calls Matthew, a tax collector, to follow him, and then goes to have dinner with him and other tax collectors and sinners. The Pharisees criticize Jesus for eating with such people, but Jesus responds by saying that he has come to call sinners to repentance, not the righteous. This passage highlights the inclusive nature of Jesus' ministry, as he associates with and welcomes those who were considered outcasts in society. It also highlights the Pharisees' legalistic and judgmental attitude towards others. Jesus' response teaches that mercy is more important than rigid adherence to the law, and that he came to save those who are lost.

The passage also emphasizes the call to repentance and the transformative power of Jesus' message. Matthew, a tax collector, is transformed by his encounter with Jesus and becomes one of his disciples. This shows that anyone can turn towards God and receive salvation. The theological lesson from this passage is that God's mercy and love is available to all, regardless of their past sins or social status. Jesus' message of salvation is meant for everyone, and no one is beyond redemption. The practical lesson is that Christians should follow Jesus' example and extend love and mercy to those who are marginalized or considered outcasts in society.

The Calling of Matthew

9 As Jesus went on from there, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax collector’s booth. “Follow me,” he told him, and Matthew got up and followed him.
10 While Jesus was having dinner at Matthew’s house, many tax collectors and sinners came and ate with him and his disciples. 11 When the Pharisees saw this, they asked his disciples, “Why does your teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?”
12 On hearing this, Jesus said, “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. 13 But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice.’[a] For I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”

Jesus questioned about fasting (Matthew 9:14-17)

John’s disciples came to Jesus one day,
Questioning why His disciples didn’t fast and pray,
Like the Pharisees and John's followers did,
They sought to know why Jesus’ followers didn’t rid,

Themselves of worldly pleasures and sin,
And why they didn’t fast as they’d been,
Taught by the religious leaders of their time,
To abstain from food and drink, a spiritual climb.

Jesus replied with wisdom and grace,
Saying, "How can they fast when I'm in this place?
The bridegroom is here, so they celebrate,
But when he's gone, they'll fast and supplicate."

He spoke of a new patch on an old garment,
The patch would tear and the garment wouldn't fit,
He talked of new wine in old wineskins,
They would burst, and the wine would not fit in.

Jesus’ message was clear and true,
New wine in new wineskins, all made anew,
He spoke of a time that was yet to come,
When His followers would fast when He’d be gone.

So let us take heed of Jesus’ words,
And not let old practices hinder new worlds,
For Christ brings newness and fresh starts,
New wine in new wineskins, renewed hearts.

This passage is found in the Gospel of Matthew, Chapter 9, and it involves a question posed to Jesus by John the Baptist's disciples about fasting. Jesus responds with a metaphorical explanation, using imagery of a bridegroom, cloth patches, and wineskins to convey his message.

Commentary/Exegesis: John's disciples come to Jesus and ask why his disciples do not fast as frequently as they and the Pharisees do. Fasting was a common practice among the Jews as a sign of repentance, devotion, and seeking God's favor. Jesus, in his response, uses the metaphor of a bridegroom to explain that his disciples do not fast because he, the bridegroom, is still with them. He implies that there is no need for his disciples to fast while he is present because he is the embodiment of joy and celebration. However, Jesus predicts that there will come a time when he, the bridegroom, will be taken away, referring to his future crucifixion and death. At that time, his disciples will fast as an expression of mourning and longing for his presence. Jesus then uses two additional metaphors to illustrate his point. He compares patching an old garment with unshrunk cloth to pouring new wine into old wineskins. In both cases, the new and old elements do not mix well and can result in damage. The patch will shrink and tear away from the old garment, and the old wineskins will burst when the new wine ferments, causing the wine to be lost along with the wineskins. Instead, Jesus explains that new cloth should be used for patching new garments and new wine should be poured into new wineskins to preserve both.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus is revealing his unique role as the Messiah and the implications of his presence among his disciples. He is the bridegroom, the one whom they have been waiting for, and his presence brings joy and celebration. However, there will come a time when he will be taken away, and then his disciples will fast as an expression of mourning and longing for his return. Jesus is also highlighting the incompatibility of his teachings and ministry with the old religious practices of the Pharisees and the traditions of the Jewish law.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson: One spiritual and theological lesson from this passage is that Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah. He is the long-awaited bridegroom, and his presence among his disciples brings joy, celebration, and fulfillment. However, his impending death and departure also foreshadow the need for his disciples to mourn and fast when he is taken away. This passage emphasizes the unique role of Jesus as the Messiah and the radical nature of his teachings and ministry.

Practical Lesson: A practical lesson from this passage is that as followers of Jesus, we need to be willing to embrace the newness of his teachings and ministry. We should not cling to old religious practices or traditions that are incompatible with the teachings of Jesus. Instead, we should be open to the transformative power of the Gospel and allow it to shape our lives and practices. We should also understand that there may be seasons of joy and celebration in our journey with Jesus, but there may also be times of mourning and longing for his presence when we face challenges or difficulties. Fasting can be a meaningful practice during those times, as it can help us draw closer to God and express our dependence on Him.

Jesus Questioned About Fasting

14 Then John’s disciples came and asked him, “How is it that we and the Pharisees fast often, but your disciples do not fast?”
15 Jesus answered, “How can the guests of the bridegroom mourn while he is with them? The time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them; then they will fast.
16 “No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment, for the patch will pull away from the garment, making the tear worse. 17 Neither do people pour new wine into old wineskins. If they do, the skins will burst; the wine will run out and the wineskins will be ruined. No, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.”

Healing of a woman and a girl (Matthew 9:18-26)

A leader of the synagogue came, with sadness on his face
"My daughter has just died," he cried, "bring her back to this place"
Jesus and his disciples followed him with care
To see if they could bring the young girl back from death's despair

Along the way, a woman came with a condition long and dire
For twelve years she had been bleeding, and her strength was now expired
She reached out and touched his cloak, with a heart full of belief
And in that very moment, she was healed of all her grief

When they reached the house of the leader, there was chaos and noise
But Jesus calmly said, "She's not dead, just sleeping like a toy"
The crowd laughed at him, but he knew what he had to do
He took the girl's hand, and she arose, brand new

The news of this miracle spread throughout the land
For Jesus had the power to heal with his gentle hand
No sickness or disease could stand in his way
For he was the Son of God, with the power to save the day.

This passage tells the story of Jesus healing a woman who had been suffering from bleeding for many years and bringing a young girl back to life. The passage is from the Bible, and it is often used as an example of Jesus's miraculous healing powers. The story begins with Jairus, a leader of the synagogue, coming to Jesus in a desperate state. His daughter, who was only twelve years old, was dying. Jairus pleads with Jesus to come to his house and help his daughter. As they make their way through the crowded streets, a woman who had been suffering from bleeding for many years approaches Jesus. She believes that if she can just touch his cloak, she will be healed. When she finally touches the edge of his cloak, she is instantly healed.

Jesus stops and asks who touched him, and eventually the woman comes forward and confesses. Jesus tells her that her faith has healed her, and she should go in peace. Meanwhile, Jairus receives the news that his daughter has died. But Jesus tells him to have faith and accompanies him to his house. When they arrive, they are met with mourners playing music for the dead and weeping. But Jesus tells them that the child is not dead but asleep. He goes into the house with Jairus and his wife, takes the girl's hand, and tells her to get up. She wakes up and is completely healed. The passage is a powerful testament to Jesus's healing powers and his ability to perform miracles. It also highlights the importance of faith and belief in God's power. This story is often used as a symbol of hope and inspiration for those who are facing difficult times and seeking healing and comfort.

Jesus Raises a Dead Girl and Heals a Sick Woman

18 While he was saying this, a synagogue leader came and knelt before him and said, “My daughter has just died. But come and put your hand on her, and she will live.” 19 Jesus got up and went with him, and so did his disciples.
20 Just then a woman who had been subject to bleeding for twelve years came up behind him and touched the edge of his cloak. 21 She said to herself, “If I only touch his cloak, I will be healed.”
22 Jesus turned and saw her. “Take heart, daughter,” he said, “your faith has healed you.” And the woman was healed at that moment.
23 When Jesus entered the synagogue leader’s house and saw the noisy crowd and people playing pipes, 24 he said, “Go away. The girl is not dead but asleep.” But they laughed at him. 25 After the crowd had been put outside, he went in and took the girl by the hand, and she got up. 26 News of this spread through all that region.

Healing of two blind men (Matthew 9:27-31)

As Jesus walked along the road one day,
Two blind men followed Him on their way,
Crying out for mercy, their hearts full of need,
“Son of David, have mercy on us!” they plead.

Jesus led them into a nearby house,
And the blind men followed, like a faithful spouse,
The Son of God asked them, “Do you believe?”
They replied with faith, “Yes, Lord, we believe.”

He touched their eyes and spoke with power,
“Let it be done according to your faith,” a healing shower,
Of love and mercy, poured out upon them there,
Their eyes were opened, their sight restored with care.

Jesus warned them to keep it quiet, to not boast,
But they couldn’t contain their joy, they couldn't coast,
They went out and shared the good news with all,
Of Jesus’ miraculous healing, a wondrous call.

So let us have faith like those blind men,
To trust in Jesus, again and again,
For He is the one who can heal and restore,
And lead us to life, forevermore.


Carl Bloch shows us the wonder of Christ healing the blind man.

The passage from Matthew 9:27-31 tells the story of two blind men who approached Jesus, seeking healing. These blind men followed Jesus, crying out to Him as the "Son of David," a title often associated with the promised Messiah. When Jesus entered a house, the blind men came to Him, and Jesus asked them if they believed that He was able to heal them. They responded with faith, affirming their belief in Jesus' ability to heal them. Jesus then touched their eyes and declared that their healing would be done according to their faith. Immediately, their eyes were opened, and they could see. However, Jesus sternly warned them not to spread the news of their healing, but the blind men went and spread Jesus' fame throughout the district anyway. This passage highlights the power of Jesus as the Son of David and the Healer. The blind men recognized Jesus as the promised Messiah, and their faith in His ability to heal them was rewarded. Jesus' question to them, "Do you believe that I am able to do this?" underscores the importance of faith in receiving healing and restoration from Jesus. It also highlights the compassionate nature of Jesus, as He responds to the cry for mercy from the blind men and touches their eyes to bring about their healing.

The passage also raises the theme of secrecy in Jesus' ministry. Jesus sternly warned the blind men not to spread the news of their healing, but they disobeyed and spread Jesus' fame anyway. This can be seen as an example of how difficult it can be for people to keep the miraculous works of Jesus a secret, as His power and compassion are so compelling that they naturally evoke praise and admiration. It also highlights Jesus' desire to maintain a certain level of privacy and control over the timing and spread of His ministry, as He was aware of the potential consequences of His fame spreading too quickly. From a spiritual and theological perspective, this passage emphasizes the importance of faith in receiving healing and restoration from Jesus. It underscores Jesus' authority and power as the promised Messiah, the Son of David, who has the ability to bring physical and spiritual healing to those who believe in Him. It also highlights the compassionate nature of Jesus, as He responds to the cries for mercy from those in need. Practically, this passage teaches us the importance of faith in our relationship with Jesus. It challenges us to believe that Jesus is able to bring healing and restoration into our lives, even in our times of difficulty and struggle. It also reminds us of the need to respect Jesus' timing and instructions in our lives, even if it may go against our natural inclination to share and spread news about His works.

Jesus Heals Two Blind Men

27 And as Jesus passed on from there, two blind men followed him, crying aloud, “Have mercy on us, Son of David.” 28 When he entered the house, the blind men came to him, and Jesus said to them, “Do you believe that I am able to do this?” They said to him, “Yes, Lord.” 29 Then he touched their eyes, saying, “According to your faith be it done to you.” 30 And their eyes were opened. And Jesus sternly warned them, “See that no one knows about it.” 31 But they went away and spread his fame through all that district.

Healing of a mute man (Matthew 9:32-34)

A man oppressed, unable to speak
Brought to Jesus, his fate was bleak
But with a touch, the demon fled
And the man's voice was no longer dead

The crowds were amazed, never before
Had they witnessed such a wondrous cure
But the Pharisees, with hearts of stone
Claimed it was the devil's work alone

Yet Jesus knew the truth, He knew
That His power came from the One who
Created all, who gave Him life
And conquered death through sacrifice

So let us marvel at this sight
And trust in Jesus, who gives us light
For He is the one who sets us free
And heals our brokenness, just like He did for the mute man, we can see.


This passage is from the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament of the Bible and describes an incident where Jesus heals a man who is unable to speak due to demon possession. The man is brought to Jesus, and Jesus casts out the demon, resulting in the man being able to speak. The crowds are amazed by this miraculous healing, but the Pharisees, who were religious leaders of that time, accuse Jesus of casting out demons by the power of the prince of demons, implying that Jesus is using evil forces to perform his miracles.

Exegesis: The passage portrays Jesus as a powerful and compassionate healer who is able to free the man from the oppression of the demon, resulting in the restoration of the man's ability to speak. This healing is seen as unprecedented and remarkable, as the crowds marvel at the miraculous nature of the event. However, the Pharisees, who were known to oppose Jesus throughout his ministry, respond with skepticism and accusations, suggesting that Jesus is using demonic powers for his miracles, rather than acknowledging him as a legitimate healer. The main point of this story is to highlight Jesus' divine power and authority over evil forces. It emphasizes Jesus' ability to heal physical and spiritual afflictions and demonstrates his compassion for those who are suffering. It also illustrates the contrast between the faith of the crowds, who recognize Jesus as a miracle worker, and the skepticism of the Pharisees, who reject his authority and attribute his miracles to evil forces.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Jesus' divine power: The passage emphasizes Jesus' divine authority and power to heal and deliver people from oppression. It highlights his compassion and willingness to restore those who are suffering and oppressed, showcasing him as the Son of God with the ability to overcome all forms of evil.

Faith and Skepticism: The reactions of the crowds and the Pharisees represent two contrasting responses to Jesus' ministry. The crowds exhibit faith and amazement, while the Pharisees exhibit skepticism and disbelief. This highlights the importance of having faith in Jesus and his miraculous works, and the danger of allowing skepticism and doubt to hinder our ability to recognize and accept the power of God at work. Opposition to Jesus: The Pharisees' accusation against Jesus reflects their ongoing opposition to him throughout his ministry. It serves as a reminder that even in the face of undeniable miracles, there may be those who reject or oppose the work of God. This highlights the need to discern truth from falsehood and to stand firm in our faith, even in the face of opposition.

Practical Application: Recognizing Jesus' power: The passage encourages us to acknowledge Jesus' divine authority and power in our lives. It challenges us to have faith in his ability to heal, deliver, and restore us from any form of affliction or oppression we may be facing. Overcoming skepticism: The Pharisees' skepticism serves as a cautionary example, urging us to examine our hearts and minds for any traces of doubt or disbelief that may hinder our ability to accept and embrace the work of God in our lives. It prompts us to cultivate a faith that is open to miracles and willing to accept the miraculous works of God in our midst. Compassion for the suffering: Jesus' healing of the mute man demonstrates his compassion for those who are suffering. It challenges us to emulate his example by showing kindness, empathy, and compassion to those who are in need, and to actively seek ways to alleviate the physical, emotional, and spiritual suffering of others.

Jesus Heals a Man Unable to Speak

32 As they were going away, behold, a demon-oppressed man who was mute was brought to him. 33 And when the demon had been cast out, the mute man spoke. And the crowds marveled, saying, “Never was anything like this seen in Israel.” 34 But the Pharisees said, “He casts out demons by the prince of demons.”

Sending out of the twelve apostles (Matthew 10)

With authority, Jesus called to him
His twelve disciples, each by name
He gave them power over demons grim
And to heal every sickness and pain

Simon called Peter, and Andrew his kin
James and John, sons of Zebedee
Philip and Bartholomew, Matthew the taxman
James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus you see

Simon the Zealot, and Judas the traitor
This was the twelve that Jesus chose
To go out and preach, to heal, to cater
To the lost sheep of Israel, his message to disclose

“Do not fear, for you are worth much more
Than sparrows that fall from the sky
Freely you have received, now freely give more
The kingdom of heaven is near, let all draw nigh”

Take no gold or silver, no extra attire
No bags or staff for your journey
For the worker deserves his basic hire
In each town, seek a worthy abode, and stay journey

Bring peace to those who welcome you
But shake off the dust from those who spurn
Be as shrewd as snakes, as innocent as dew
For the Son of Man comes soon, and we must learn

Persecution and hatred will come your way
Brother betraying brother, father his child
But stand firm to the end, come what may
For whoever acknowledges me, to them I’ll be reconciled

I did not come to bring peace but a sword
To turn families against their own kin
Take up your cross, and follow the Lord
For whoever loses their life, in me will win

Whoever welcomes you, welcomes me
And whoever welcomes me, welcomes God above
A prophet’s reward, a righteous person’s fee
A cup of water, given in love, will not go unloved

In this passage, Jesus sends out his twelve disciples, giving them authority to heal diseases, cast out demons, and proclaim the message of the kingdom of heaven. He instructs them on how to conduct themselves during their mission, including not taking any provisions with them, staying with worthy hosts, and shaking off the dust from their feet if they are not welcomed in a place. Jesus also warns them of the challenges they will face, including persecution, betrayal, and hatred, but encourages them to stand firm and not be afraid.

Exegesis: Jesus gave authority to the disciples: Jesus empowered his disciples with authority to heal and cast out demons, demonstrating his divine power and commissioning them to carry out his mission on earth. Instructions on their mission: Jesus instructed the disciples to go only to the lost sheep of Israel, proclaiming the nearness of the kingdom of heaven. He emphasized the importance of freely giving what they had received, not relying on material provisions, but trusting in God's provision.

Challenges and warnings: Jesus warned the disciples that they would face persecution, betrayal, and hatred, even from their own family members. He urged them to be shrewd and innocent, to stand firm and not be afraid, and to trust in the Spirit to provide them with the words to speak.

Cost of discipleship: Jesus emphasized the priority of following him above all other relationships, even family ties. He taught that taking up one's cross and losing one's life for his sake was the way to find true life and worthiness as his disciple.

Main point of the story: The main point of this passage is that Jesus commissioned his disciples to carry out his mission with authority, empowered by the Holy Spirit. He instructed them on how to conduct themselves during their mission, warned them of the challenges they would face, and emphasized the cost of discipleship.

Spiritual, theological, and practical lessons: Spiritual lesson: This passage highlights the authority and empowerment that Jesus gives to his disciples to carry out his mission. It reminds us that as followers of Jesus, we are called to share the good news of the kingdom of heaven and minister to those in need, relying on God's provision and trusting in the Holy Spirit to guide and empower us.

Theological lesson: The passage teaches us about the challenges and cost of discipleship. Following Jesus may involve facing opposition, persecution, and even betrayal from those close to us. It reminds us that our allegiance to Jesus should be above all other relationships and that taking up our cross and losing our life for his sake is the path to true life and worthiness as his disciples.

Practical lesson: The passage encourages us to trust in God's provision and not be overly concerned with material possessions or worldly approval. It reminds us to be bold and courageous in proclaiming the message of the kingdom of heaven, even in the face of opposition. It also challenges us to examine our priorities and make sure that our love and loyalty to Jesus surpasses all other relationships and possessions in our lives. In summary, this passage highlights the authority, instructions, challenges, and cost of discipleship as Jesus sends out his twelve disciples on a mission. It provides spiritual, theological, and practical lessons for us as followers of Jesus today, reminding us to rely on God's empowerment, trust in his provision, and prioritize our allegiance to Jesus above all else.

Jesus Sends Out the Twelve

10 Jesus called his twelve disciples to him and gave them authority to drive out impure spirits and to heal every disease and sickness.
2 These are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon (who is called Peter) and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John; 3 Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; 4 Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him.
5 These twelve Jesus sent out with the following instructions: “Do not go among the Gentiles or enter any town of the Samaritans. 6 Go rather to the lost sheep of Israel. 7 As you go, proclaim this message: ‘The kingdom of heaven has come near.’ 8 Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse those who have leprosy,[a] drive out demons. Freely you have received; freely give.
9 “Do not get any gold or silver or copper to take with you in your belts— 10 no bag for the journey or extra shirt or sandals or a staff, for the worker is worth his keep. 11 Whatever town or village you enter, search there for some worthy person and stay at their house until you leave. 12 As you enter the home, give it your greeting. 13 If the home is deserving, let your peace rest on it; if it is not, let your peace return to you. 14 If anyone will not welcome you or listen to your words, leave that home or town and shake the dust off your feet. 15 Truly I tell you, it will be more bearable for Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town.
16 “I am sending you out like sheep among wolves. Therefore be as shrewd as snakes and as innocent as doves. 17 Be on your guard; you will be handed over to the local councils and be flogged in the synagogues. 18 On my account you will be brought before governors and kings as witnesses to them and to the Gentiles. 19 But when they arrest you, do not worry about what to say or how to say it. At that time you will be given what to say, 20 for it will not be you speaking, but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you.
21 “Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; children will rebel against their parents and have them put to death. 22 You will be hated by everyone because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. 23 When you are persecuted in one place, flee to another. Truly I tell you, you will not finish going through the towns of Israel before the Son of Man comes.
24 “The student is not above the teacher, nor a servant above his master. 25 It is enough for students to be like their teachers, and servants like their masters. If the head of the house has been called Beelzebul, how much more the members of his household!
26 “So do not be afraid of them, for there is nothing concealed that will not be disclosed, or hidden that will not be made known. 27 What I tell you in the dark, speak in the daylight; what is whispered in your ear, proclaim from the roofs. 28 Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather, be afraid of the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell. 29 Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground outside your Father’s care.[b] 30 And even the very hairs of your head are all numbered. 31 So don’t be afraid; you are worth more than many sparrows.
32 “Whoever acknowledges me before others, I will also acknowledge before my Father in heaven. 33 But whoever disowns me before others, I will disown before my Father in heaven.
34 “Do not suppose that I have come to bring peace to the earth. I did not come to bring peace, but a sword. 35 For I have come to turn
“‘a man against his father,
    a daughter against her mother,
a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law—
36     a man’s enemies will be the members of his own household.’[c]
37 “Anyone who loves their father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; anyone who loves their son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. 38 Whoever does not take up their cross and follow me is not worthy of me. 39 Whoever finds their life will lose it, and whoever loses their life for my sake will find it.
40 “Anyone who welcomes you welcomes me, and anyone who welcomes me welcomes the one who sent me. 41 Whoever welcomes a prophet as a prophet will receive a prophet’s reward, and whoever welcomes a righteous person as a righteous person will receive a righteous person’s reward. 42 And if anyone gives even a cup of cold water to one of these little ones who is my disciple, truly I tell you, that person will certainly not lose their reward.”

John the Baptist's question and death (Matthew 11:1-19)

In prison John the Baptist sat,
His faith in Jesus, he questioned that.
He sent his disciples, with doubt in his heart,
"Are you the Messiah, or do we need to restart?"

Jesus replied, "Look around you, and see,
The blind can see, the lame can flee,
The deaf can hear, and the dead can rise,
And the poor receive good news in their eyes."

Jesus then spoke of John to the crowd,
A prophet, a messenger, and more endowed.
He prepared the way, as Isaiah foretold,
For the One who would come, and truth unfold.

Among those born of women, none greater than John,
But even the least in heaven's kingdom is beyond.
Since John's time, the kingdom of God is under attack,
And the violent try to take it by force and wrack.

Jesus compared this generation to children at play,
Who complain when their friends don't go their way.
John came with ascetic ways, and they called him possessed,
While Jesus feasted with sinners, and they labeled him obsessed.

But wisdom is proven by her deeds,
And the truth of Christ will meet all needs.
John's question, soon answered by his fate,
He died for his faith, for love and not hate.

John the Baptist, who was in prison at that time, sends his disciples to Jesus to ask if He is the Messiah, or if they should expect someone else. Jesus responds by pointing to the miracles He has performed and the fulfillment of prophecy as evidence of His identity. He also praises John the Baptist, calling him the greatest among those born of women, and identifies him as the messenger who prepared the way for Him. From a theological perspective, this passage highlights several important points. First, it emphasizes the divinity of Jesus and His fulfillment of prophecy as the promised Messiah. Jesus' response to John's disciples provides evidence of His identity as the one who performs miracles, preaches the gospel, and fulfills Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah. Second, this passage highlights the role of John the Baptist as the forerunner of Jesus. John the Baptist was the one who prepared the way for Jesus, and Jesus praises him as the greatest among those born of women. This underscores the importance of John's ministry in paving the way for the arrival of Jesus and His mission on earth. Third, this passage addresses the skepticism and rejection that both John the Baptist and Jesus faced from some people. John the Baptist was accused of having a demon because of his ascetic lifestyle, while Jesus was criticized for socializing with tax collectors and sinners. Jesus uses the analogy of children in the marketplaces to illustrate how some people were not satisfied with either John's austere approach or Jesus' more inclusive approach. This highlights the fickle nature of human expectations and the need for discernment and wisdom in recognizing the truth. The main point of this passage is to affirm the identity of Jesus as the promised Messiah and to highlight the significance of John the Baptist as His forerunner. It also addresses the skepticism and rejection that both John and Jesus faced, underscoring the need for discernment and wisdom in recognizing the truth.

Spiritual lessons that can be drawn from this passage include: The importance of recognizing and accepting Jesus as the promised Messiah: Just as John the Baptist sent his disciples to Jesus to inquire about His identity, we need to seek and acknowledge Jesus as the Savior and Messiah in our lives. We should not rely solely on human expectations or preconceived notions, but seek to know and understand Jesus based on His teachings, actions, and fulfillment of prophecy. The value of preparing the way for Jesus: John the Baptist's role as the forerunner of Jesus highlights the significance of preparing the hearts and minds of others for the arrival of Jesus in their lives. We can follow John's example by sharing the gospel, living godly lives, and pointing others to Jesus in our words and actions. The need for discernment and wisdom: The reactions of some people to both John the Baptist and Jesus show that human expectations and perceptions can be unreliable. We should exercise discernment and seek wisdom from God to recognize the truth and not be swayed by popular opinions or societal norms. The inevitability of facing skepticism and rejection: Both John the Baptist and Jesus faced skepticism, criticism, and rejection from some people despite their godly lives and ministries. As followers of Jesus, we should be prepared to face similar challenges and not be discouraged or deterred from our faith and mission.

John the Baptist Sends Messengers to Jesus

11 Now it came to pass, when Jesus finished commanding His twelve disciples, that He departed from there to teach and to preach in their cities.
2 And when John had heard in prison about the works of Christ, he [a]sent two of his disciples 3 and said to Him, “Are You the Coming One, or do we look for another?”
4 Jesus answered and said to them, “Go and tell John the things which you hear and see: 5 The blind see and the lame walk; the lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear; the dead are raised up and the poor have the gospel preached to them. 6 And blessed is he who is not offended because of Me.”
7 As they departed, Jesus began to say to the multitudes concerning John: “What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind? 8 But what did you go out to see? A man clothed in soft garments? Indeed, those who wear soft clothing are in kings’ houses. 9 But what did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I say to you, and more than a prophet. 10 For this is he of whom it is written:
‘Behold, I send My messenger before Your face,
Who will prepare Your way before You.’
11 “Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. 12 And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and the violent take it by force. 13 For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. 14 And if you are willing to receive it, he is Elijah who is to come. 15 He who has ears to hear, let him hear!
16 “But to what shall I liken this generation? It is like children sitting in the marketplaces and calling to their companions, 17 and saying:
‘We played the flute for you,
And you did not dance;
We mourned to you,
And you did not [b]lament.’
18 For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, ‘He has a demon.’ 19 The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Look, a glutton and a [c]winebibber, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ But wisdom is justified by her [d]children.”

Woes to unrepentant cities (Matthew 11:20-24)

Woe to the cities, proud and vain,
Whose hearts were hard and would not change.
Despite the signs and miracles wrought,
Their hearts remained unrepentant, caught.

Chorazin and Bethsaida, hear the cry,
Of woe and sorrow as the Lord passed by.
For if in Tyre and Sidon done,
Repentance in sackcloth would have begun.

But the cities, deaf to the voice divine,
Will face a harsher judgment in due time.
More bearable it will be for Tyre and Sidon,
Than for the cities where mighty works were shown.

Capernaum, exalted to heaven, brought down to Hades,
For rejecting the One who walked among their streets and alleys.
For if in Sodom, the mighty works had been done,
The city would have remained, but Capernaum was undone.

Woe to the unrepentant cities, hear the call,
Turn to the Lord, before the day of judgment falls.
For more tolerable it will be for Sodom's land,
Than for those who reject the Savior's outstretched hand.

The passage is from the New Testament of the Bible, specifically from the book of Matthew, chapter 11, verses 20-24. It presents Jesus' denunciation of three cities, Chorazin, Bethsaida, and Capernaum, for their lack of repentance despite witnessing Jesus' mighty works. Jesus expresses his disappointment and sorrow over these cities, as he had performed miracles and preached in them, but they did not respond with genuine repentance. In terms of exegesis, this passage reveals Jesus' authority and power as a prophet and messenger of God. Jesus had performed miraculous deeds in these cities, which were evidence of his divinity and the truth of his message. However, the people in these cities did not respond with genuine repentance, which indicates their spiritual blindness and hardness of heart.

The main point of the story is that witnessing miracles and hearing the message of Jesus does not guarantee repentance and transformation. The people in these cities had seen Jesus' mighty works, but they did not respond with genuine repentance, which would involve turning away from their sins and turning towards God. Jesus uses the examples of other cities like Tyre, Sidon, and Sodom, which were notorious for their wickedness, but suggests that even they would have repented if they had witnessed the same miracles that were performed in Chorazin, Bethsaida, and Capernaum. Spiritually and theologically, this passage highlights the importance of genuine repentance as a response to God's revelation. It emphasizes that witnessing miracles or hearing the message of Jesus is not enough if it does not lead to genuine repentance and transformation of the heart. It also emphasizes God's justice, as Jesus warns of a coming day of judgment where there will be different degrees of punishment based on the level of revelation and response to it.

Practically, this passage serves as a reminder for believers to examine their hearts and ensure that their faith is not just based on witnessing miracles or hearing the message of Jesus, but also on genuine repentance and transformation. It challenges believers to respond to God's revelation with humility, contrition, and a willingness to turn away from sin and follow God wholeheartedly. It also highlights the accountability and responsibility that comes with greater revelation and emphasizes the need to respond to God's grace and mercy with repentance and faith. In conclusion, the passage emphasizes the importance of genuine repentance as a response to God's revelation, warns of the consequences of spiritual complacency and unrepentance, and challenges believers to examine their hearts and respond to God's grace with humility, contrition, and wholehearted devotion.

Woe to Unrepentant Cities

20 Then he began to denounce the cities where most of his mighty works had been done, because they did not repent. 21 “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes. 22 But I tell you, it will be more bearable on the day of judgment for Tyre and Sidon than for you. 23 And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? You will be brought down to Hades. For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day. 24 But I tell you that it will be more tolerable on the day of judgment for the land of Sodom than for you.”

Jesus' invitation and rest (Matthew 11:25-30)

Jesus, in His loving way,
Invites all to come and stay.
To the weary and burdened, He says,
"Come to Me, and find rest in My ways."

He praises the Father, Lord of all,
For hiding things from the wise and tall,
And revealing them to little ones,
Who trust in Him, God's own sons.

All things have been given to the Son,
By the Father, who makes all things one.
No one knows the Son but the Father alone,
And those to whom the Son's love has shone.

Jesus calls to those who are tired and worn,
To take His yoke and be reborn.
Learn from Him, gentle and humble in heart,
And find rest in His love, never to depart.

His yoke is easy and light to bear,
And His load is not hard to share.
Come to Jesus, and find true rest,
In Him, you will be forever blessed.

In this passage, Jesus is addressing his Father in heaven and expressing his gratitude for the revelation of truth. He acknowledges that God has hidden the knowledge of the kingdom from the wise and intelligent, and has instead revealed it to those who are like little children in their humility and receptivity. Jesus speaks of his close relationship with the Father, stating that all things have been handed over to him by the Father, and that only he can fully reveal the Father to others. Jesus then extends an invitation to all who are weary and burdened to come to him for rest, promising that his yoke is easy and his load is light.

Exegesis: Jesus begins by praising the Father for the revelation of truth. The "wise" and "intelligent" here refer to those who rely solely on their own human wisdom and understanding, rather than being open to the revelation of God's truth. Jesus affirms that God's truth is often revealed to those who are humble and childlike in their approach, emphasizing the importance of humility and receptivity in receiving God's revelation.

Jesus declares that all things have been handed over to him by the Father. This highlights Jesus' unique relationship with God as the Son, and his authority as the one who has been entrusted with the revelation of God's will and purposes. Jesus claims to have exclusive knowledge of the Father, and the authority to reveal him to others. This underscores Jesus' divinity and his role as the revealer of God's nature and character to humanity. It also emphasizes the centrality of Jesus in God's plan of salvation. Jesus extends an invitation to all who are weary and burdened to come to him for rest. This invitation is open to all who recognize their need for salvation and redemption, regardless of their status or background. Jesus promises to provide rest to those who come to him, implying a spiritual rest that comes from being reconciled to God and finding peace in his presence. Jesus describes his yoke as easy and his load as light. The yoke was a common metaphor for the teachings and commands of a Rabbi or teacher. Jesus is contrasting his teachings with the burdensome and legalistic teachings of the religious leaders of his time. He promises that following him and learning from him will not be burdensome, but rather a source of rest and refreshment for the soul.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus, as the Son of God, has been entrusted with the revelation of God's truth and the authority to reveal the Father to humanity. He extends an invitation to all who are weary and burdened to come to him for rest, promising that his teachings are not burdensome, but rather a source of rest and refreshment for the soul.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: Humility and receptivity are key attitudes in receiving God's revelation. Just like little children who are open and trusting, we need to approach God's truth with humility and an attitude of receptivity, rather than relying solely on our own human wisdom and understanding. Jesus is the revealer of God's nature and character. As the Son of God, Jesus has the authority to fully reveal the Father to humanity. This highlights the unique role of Jesus in God's plan of salvation, and the centrality of Jesus in our understanding of God. Jesus offers rest and refreshment for weary souls. Jesus invites all who are weary and burdened to come to him for rest. This points to the compassionate and caring nature of Jesus, who offers comfort, peace, and rest to those who come to him in faith. Jesus' invitation is open to all. Jesus extends his invitation to all who are weary and burdened, regardless of their background, status, or past mistakes. This highlights the inclusive and welcoming nature of Jesus' message, showing that everyone is invited to come to him for salvation, forgiveness, and rest. Trusting in Jesus brings true rest for the soul. Jesus promises that those who come to him and learn from him will find rest for their souls. This points to the deep spiritual rest that comes from being reconciled to God through faith in Jesus, and finding peace, hope, and purpose in him. Jesus is the source of true humility and gentleness. Jesus describes himself as gentle and humble in heart, contrasting with the self-righteousness and arrogance of the religious leaders of his time. This teaches us the importance of imitating Jesus' humility and gentleness in our own lives, as we follow his example and strive to be more like him. God's revelation often goes beyond human wisdom and understanding. Jesus acknowledges that God's truth is hidden from the wise and intelligent, and revealed to those who are humble like little children. This reminds us that God's ways and wisdom often go beyond our human understanding, and that we need to approach God's truth with humility, openness, and a willingness to learn from him. In summary, this passage highlights Jesus' unique role as the revealer of God's truth and the invitation he extends to all who are weary and burdened to come to him for rest. It emphasizes the importance of humility, receptivity, and trust in following Jesus, and the life-giving and restorative nature of a relationship with him. It also challenges us to imitate Jesus' humility and gentleness in our own lives, and to approach God's truth with an attitude of openness and humility.

Jesus’ Invitation

25 At that time Jesus said,[a] “I praise[b] you, Father, Lord[c] of heaven and earth, because[d] you have hidden these things from the wise[e] and intelligent, and have revealed them to little children.[f] 26 Yes, Father, for this was your gracious will.[g] 27 All things have been handed over to me by my Father.[h] No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and anyone to whom the Son decides[i] to reveal him. 28 Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. 29 Take my yoke[j] on you and learn from me, because I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. 30 For my yoke is easy to bear, and my load is not hard to carry.”

Plucking grain on the Sabbath (Matthew 12:1-8 )

In fields of grain, disciples walked
Their hunger pains could not be stopped
So heads of grain they began to pluck
And ate to fill their empty cup

But Pharisees, with eyes to see
Cried out, "This act is not to be
On Sabbath day, it is not right
To harvest grain and take a bite"

Jesus then spoke with great insight
Of David's hunger, and the bread in sight
Forbidden to him, and all who came
But for the priests, who served in name

The law allowed the priests to work
On Sabbath day, without a murk
They profaned the day, yet guiltless still
Their service to God, a higher will

Jesus proclaimed, with a voice so clear
"Something greater than the temple is here"
And mercy, not sacrifice, God does desire
Condemning the guiltless is not required

For the Son of man, lord of the Sabbath
Comes with love and mercy, in lavish
To show us all a better way
And guide us through each Sabbath day.



In this passage from the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 12:1-8 ), Jesus and his disciples are walking through grainfields on the Sabbath day, and the disciples pluck heads of grain to eat because they are hungry. The Pharisees, who were known for their strict adherence to the Jewish law, criticize Jesus and his disciples for doing what they considered to be unlawful on the Sabbath. Jesus responds to the Pharisees by referring to two examples from the Hebrew Scriptures. First, he mentions how David, in a time of need, entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which was reserved only for the priests according to the law (1 Samuel 21:1-6). Jesus uses this example to illustrate that human need and compassion can sometimes override strict adherence to ceremonial law. Second, Jesus mentions how the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath by performing their duties on that day, yet they are considered guiltless according to the law (Numbers 28:9-10). Jesus uses this example to highlight that even the sacred institution of the temple, with its prescribed rituals and regulations, is subservient to a higher authority. Jesus then declares, "I tell you, something greater than the temple is here," referring to himself as the Son of man, and claiming authority over the Sabbath as its lord. He quotes the prophet Hosea, saying, "I desire mercy, and not sacrifice," emphasizing the primacy of compassion and mercy over rigid adherence to religious rules and regulations.

Main Point: The main point of this story is that Jesus challenges the Pharisees' legalistic interpretation of the Sabbath and highlights the importance of mercy, compassion, and human need over strict adherence to religious laws and rituals. Jesus presents himself as the fulfillment of the law, with authority that supersedes even the sacred institutions and traditions of Judaism.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson: This passage teaches several important spiritual and theological lessons. Firstly, it emphasizes the centrality of compassion and mercy in the teachings of Jesus. Jesus prioritizes the well-being and needs of people over strict adherence to religious laws and rituals. This highlights the importance of treating others with kindness, understanding, and empathy, and valuing human dignity and well-being above legalistic interpretations of religious practices. Secondly, this passage highlights Jesus' authority as the Son of man and lord of the Sabbath. Jesus claims authority over even the most sacred institutions and traditions, presenting himself as the ultimate source of truth and authority. This teaches us to recognize and submit to the lordship of Jesus in our lives, and to prioritize our relationship with Him above any human-made religious rules or traditions.

Practical Application: This passage has several practical applications for our daily lives as followers of Jesus. Firstly, it challenges us to examine our own attitudes towards religious practices and traditions. Are we more focused on following rules and rituals, or on showing compassion, mercy, and love towards others? Are we willing to prioritize the well-being and needs of people over strict adherence to religious laws and regulations? Secondly, this passage reminds us of the authority of Jesus in our lives. As believers, we need to submit to the lordship of Jesus and prioritize our relationship with Him above any human-made rules or traditions. This means seeking His guidance and direction in our lives through prayer, studying His Word, and being open to the leading of the Holy Spirit. Lastly, this passage challenges us to extend mercy and compassion towards others, especially those in need. Just as Jesus prioritized the hunger of his disciples over strict adherence to the Sabbath law, we are called to show kindness, empathy, and mercy towards others, especially those who are marginalized, oppressed, or in need. This means reaching out to those who are hungry,

12 At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the sabbath; his disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. 2 But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, “Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the sabbath.” 3 He said to them, “Have you not read what David did, when he was hungry, and those who were with him: 4 how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests? 5 Or have you not read in the law how on the sabbath the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are guiltless? 6 I tell you, something greater than the temple is here. 7 And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless. 8 For the Son of man is lord of the sabbath.”

Healing of a man with a withered hand (Matthew 12:9-14)

The man with a withered hand,
In the synagogue he did stand.
The Pharisees asked if it was right,
To heal on the Sabbath, out of spite.

But Jesus saw the man's plight,
And he knew what was truly right.
He asked the Pharisees a question fair,
About a sheep that needed care.

If it fell into a pit on the Sabbath day,
Would they not lift it out right away?
How much more valuable is a man,
To be healed on the Sabbath, is that not the plan?

So he said to the man, "Stretch out your hand,"
And with a touch, he made it grand.
The man's hand was healed and made whole,
A miracle to touch both heart and soul.

But the Pharisees, they did not rejoice,
Instead, they made a wicked choice.
They plotted and schemed to destroy,
The man who had shown them divine joy.

So let us remember this lesson true,
That doing good is always what we should do.
No matter what others may say or think,
Let us be like Jesus, and never shrink.

In this passage, Jesus enters a synagogue and encounters a man with a withered hand. The Pharisees, who were known for their strict observance of the Jewish law, question Jesus about whether it is lawful to heal on the Sabbath, intending to accuse him. Jesus responds by asking them whether they would rescue a sheep that falls into a pit on the Sabbath, and argues that doing good, including healing, is lawful on the Sabbath. He then instructs the man to stretch out his hand, and the man is immediately healed. However, instead of recognizing the miraculous healing, the Pharisees become even more determined to destroy Jesus.

Exegesis: The passage illustrates the ongoing conflict between Jesus and the Pharisees, who often opposed Jesus' actions and teachings. The Pharisees were known for their strict interpretation and enforcement of the Jewish law, and they saw Jesus' actions as a violation of the Sabbath law. According to their understanding, healing on the Sabbath was considered work and therefore prohibited. They hoped to accuse Jesus of breaking the law in order to undermine his authority and popularity among the people. Jesus, on the other hand, challenges the Pharisees' legalistic interpretation of the law by pointing out their hypocrisy. He uses a common-sense argument by asking them whether they would not rescue a sheep that falls into a pit on the Sabbath, even though it would be considered work. He emphasizes the value of human life and the principle of doing good, regardless of the day of the week. Jesus' response highlights his compassion and concern for the well-being of others, and his emphasis on the spirit of the law rather than mere legalistic adherence. Jesus then performs a miraculous healing, restoring the man's withered hand. This demonstrates Jesus' divine authority and power as the Son of God, who has the ability to heal and restore. However, the Pharisees' response to the healing is not one of awe or gratitude, but rather of anger and determination to destroy Jesus. This further reveals their hardened hearts and their unwillingness to recognize Jesus as the promised Messiah.

Main Point: The main point of this story is to emphasize Jesus' authority over the law and his compassion for those in need. Jesus challenges the legalistic interpretation of the Sabbath law by prioritizing human well-being and the principle of doing good. He demonstrates his divine authority through the miraculous healing, and exposes the Pharisees' hypocrisy in their rigid adherence to the law without understanding its true purpose.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: Compassion and empathy should guide our actions: Jesus prioritizes the well-being of the man with a withered hand over legalistic adherence to the law. As followers of Jesus, we should also prioritize compassion and empathy towards others, especially those who are in need, over rigid adherence to rules or traditions. The importance of understanding the spirit of the law: Jesus challenges the Pharisees' legalistic interpretation of the law by emphasizing the spirit of the law, which is rooted in love, mercy, and justice. It is important for us to understand the underlying principles and values of the laws and traditions we follow, rather than simply adhering to them blindly. The authority of Jesus as the Son of God: Jesus' miraculous healing demonstrates his divine authority and power as the Son of God. As believers, we should acknowledge and submit to Jesus' authority in our lives, recognizing that he has the power to heal, restore, and transform us. The danger of hardened hearts and hypocrisy: The Pharisees' response to Jesus' healing reveals their hardened hearts and hypocrisy. It serves as a cautionary reminder for us to guard against a self-righteous and judgmental attitude, and to always be open to the work of God

The Man with a Withered Hand

9 And he went on from there, and entered their synagogue. 10 And behold, there was a man with a withered hand. And they asked him, “Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath?” so that they might accuse him. 11 He said to them, “What man of you, if he has one sheep and it falls into a pit on the sabbath, will not lay hold of it and lift it out? 12 Of how much more value is a man than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the sabbath.” 13 Then he said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” And the man stretched it out, and it was restored, whole like the other. 14 But the Pharisees went out and took counsel against him, how to destroy him.

God’s Chosen Servant

Aware of opposition, he withdrew,
But many followed him, seeking healing anew,
He cured them all, without a word,
Then ordered them to spread not what they've heard.

His actions fulfilled the prophecy of old,
Of a servant, chosen and beloved to behold,
The Spirit upon him, to proclaim justice to all,
Not to wrangle or cry, nor raise his voice in brawl.

A gentle soul, he tends to the weak,
Not breaking a bruised reed or smoldering wick,
Till justice prevails, with a victory sweet,
In his name, the Gentiles will find hope complete.

This passage from the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 12:15-21) depicts Jesus withdrawing from a certain place upon becoming aware of something. Despite trying to keep a low profile, many people follow him, and he heals them all. However, he orders them not to make him known. This is done to fulfill the prophecy spoken by the prophet Isaiah about the chosen servant of God, who would proclaim justice to the Gentiles. This servant is described as beloved and pleasing to God, filled with the Spirit of God, and characterized by gentleness and compassion. He will not engage in loud arguments or draw attention to himself, and he will not harm the weak or those who are struggling. He will persist in his mission to bring justice to victory, and the Gentiles will find hope in his name.

Main Point of the Story: The main point of this story is to highlight the fulfillment of the prophecy from Isaiah regarding the servant of God, who is identified as Jesus in the New Testament. It emphasizes Jesus' divine nature and purpose as the chosen servant of God, who came to proclaim justice not only to the Jews but also to the Gentiles. It underscores Jesus' compassion, gentleness, and perseverance in fulfilling his mission, and his desire to keep his identity known to a minimum at this particular time.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson: This passage holds several spiritual and theological lessons for us. Firstly, it emphasizes the inclusivity of Jesus' mission to proclaim justice to the Gentiles. It shows that Jesus' ministry extends beyond any particular group or ethnicity, and he came to bring salvation and hope to all people, regardless of their background or status. This highlights the universal nature of Jesus' message and the all-encompassing love of God for all humanity. Secondly, it reveals Jesus' humility and obedience to God's will. Despite the crowds following him and his ability to perform miracles, Jesus does not seek self-promotion or public acclaim. He prioritizes fulfilling God's plan rather than seeking personal glory or recognition. This serves as a model for us to prioritize aligning our lives with God's will and being humble in our actions and motives. Thirdly, it emphasizes Jesus' compassion and gentleness towards those in need. Jesus does not break a bruised reed or quench a smoldering wick, but rather brings healing and restoration. This illustrates Jesus' deep care and concern for the vulnerable, the weak, and the struggling, and teaches us to emulate his compassion in our interactions with others.

Practical Lesson: From this passage, we can learn several practical lessons. Firstly, we are called to embrace the inclusivity of Jesus' message and extend the love of God to all people, regardless of their background, ethnicity, or status. We should strive to break down barriers and promote inclusivity in our actions and attitudes, following Jesus' example of proclaiming justice to the Gentiles. Secondly, we are reminded to prioritize humility and obedience to God's will in our lives. We should seek to align our actions and motives with God's plan, rather than seeking personal glory or recognition. We should be willing to withdraw from the spotlight if it hinders the fulfillment of God's purpose in our lives. Lastly, we are called to emulate Jesus' compassion and gentleness towards those in need. We should be attentive and responsive to the needs of the vulnerable, the weak, and the struggling, and strive to bring healing and restoration wherever we can, just as Jesus did.

15 Jesus, aware of this, withdrew from there. And many followed him, and he healed them all, 16 and ordered them not to make him known. 17 This was to fulfil what was spoken by the prophet Isaiah:

18 “Behold, my servant whom I have chosen,
    my beloved with whom my soul is well pleased.
I will put my Spirit upon him,
    and he shall proclaim justice to the Gentiles.
19 He will not wrangle or cry aloud,
    nor will any one hear his voice in the streets;
20 he will not break a bruised reed
    or quench a smoldering wick,
till he brings justice to victory;
21     and in his name will the Gentiles hope.”


Jesus heals and casts out demons (Matthew 12:22-37)

A blind and dumb man was brought to Him,
Jesus healed him, the people were amazed within.
They wondered if He was the Son of David,
But the Pharisees said, "No, he's with Beelzebul, allied."

Jesus knew their thoughts and answered them,
"How can Satan cast out Satan, it's a foolish gem?
If I cast out demons by Beelzebul's power,
Then how do your sons cast them out, in their hour?"

"But if I cast out demons by the Spirit of God,
Then the kingdom of God is near, no need for fraud.
How can one enter a strong man's house,
And plunder his goods, without binding him like a mouse?"

"He who is not with me is against me,
And he who doesn't gather with me scatters freely.
Every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven,
But not blasphemy against the Spirit, it's God's given."

"Whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit,
Will not be forgiven in this age or the age to come, hear it.
Whoever speaks against the Son of Man may be forgiven,
But not blasphemy against the Spirit, it's forever forbidden."

The passage from Matthew 12:22-32 tells the story of Jesus healing a blind and dumb demoniac, which leads to a confrontation with the Pharisees who accuse him of casting out demons by the power of Beelzebul, the prince of demons. Jesus responds to their accusation with a series of logical arguments and teachings, emphasizing the unity of God's kingdom and the seriousness of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. The story begins with Jesus healing a blind and dumb demoniac, restoring his sight and speech. The people are amazed and wonder if Jesus could be the Son of David, a messianic title. However, the Pharisees, who were religious leaders known for their strict adherence to the Jewish law, accuse Jesus of using demonic power to perform the healing, specifically attributing it to Beelzebul, the prince of demons. In response, Jesus uses logical reasoning to refute their accusation. He explains that a kingdom or a house divided against itself cannot stand, and if Satan were casting out demons, he would be divided against himself, which wouldn't make sense. Jesus also questions the Pharisees' own followers who cast out demons and asks by whose power they do so, implying that their accusation against him is inconsistent. Jesus then asserts that he casts out demons by the Spirit of God, indicating that the kingdom of God has come upon them. Jesus further uses the analogy of entering a strong man's house and binding him before plundering his goods, suggesting that he has power over Satan and is defeating his kingdom. He also emphasizes the importance of being with him and gathering with him, implying that those who are not aligned with him are against him and scattered. The passage ends with Jesus warning about the seriousness of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, stating that it will not be forgiven, neither in this age nor in the age to come. He makes a distinction between speaking against the Son of man, which can be forgiven, and speaking against the Holy Spirit, which cannot be forgiven.

The main point of the story is to refute the Pharisees' accusation and emphasize the authority and power of Jesus as the Son of God who casts out demons by the Spirit of God. It also highlights the unity and strength of God's kingdom and the severity of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Jesus' authority and power: The passage highlights Jesus' authority and power over demons, emphasizing that he is the Son of God who casts out demons by the Spirit of God. It highlights Jesus as the promised Messiah who brings the kingdom of God and demonstrates his divine authority through his miraculous deeds. Unity of God's kingdom: Jesus' logical arguments about a kingdom or a house divided against itself cannot stand emphasize the unity of God's kingdom. It implies that God's kingdom is cohesive, and any division or contradiction within it is not sustainable. Seriousness of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit: Jesus' warning about blasphemy against the Holy Spirit being unforgivable underscores the seriousness of this sin. It suggests that rejecting or speaking against the work of the Holy Spirit, who reveals the truth about Jesus and his mission, is a grave offense with eternal consequences.

Practical Lesson: Recognizing and acknowledging Jesus' authority: The passage challenges us to recognize and acknowledge Jesus' authority and power as the Son of God. It calls us to have a proper understanding of Jesus and not attribute his work to anything other than the Spirit of God. Unity and coherence within the Kingdom of God: The passage encourages believers to strive for unity and coherence within the Kingdom of God. It reminds us that division, contradictions, and conflicts within the body of Christ are not in line with the nature of God's kingdom and can weaken its effectiveness.

Jesus and Beelzebul

22 Then a blind and dumb demoniac was brought to him, and he healed him, so that the dumb man spoke and saw. 23 And all the people were amazed, and said, “Can this be the Son of David?” 24 But when the Pharisees heard it they said, “It is only by Be-el′zebul, the prince of demons, that this man casts out demons.” 25 Knowing their thoughts, he said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and no city or house divided against itself will stand; 26 and if Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself; how then will his kingdom stand? 27 And if I cast out demons by Be-el′zebul, by whom do your sons cast them out? Therefore they shall be your judges. 28 But if it is by the Spirit of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you. 29 Or how can one enter a strong man’s house and plunder his goods, unless he first binds the strong man? Then indeed he may plunder his house. 30 He who is not with me is against me, and he who does not gather with me scatters. 31 Therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven. 32 And whoever says a word against the Son of man will be forgiven; but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.


Sign of Jonah and warning against the Pharisees (Matthew 12:38-50)

A generation seeks a sign,
But Jesus says they're wicked and blind,
For none will be given,
Except Jonah's tale from heaven.

As Jonah was swallowed by the sea,
The Son of Man would soon be,
Three days and nights in the earth,
To bring new life and a new birth.

The men of Nineveh will rise,
To judge this generation's lies,
For they repented at Jonah's voice,
But this generation has made a different choice.

The Queen of the South will also stand,
To condemn this wicked land,
For she came from far away,
To hear Solomon's wisdom every day.

When an impure spirit is cast out,
It roams the earth with a constant doubt,
And when it returns to its former abode,
It finds the place clean and devoid.

But it brings seven spirits more wicked,
And the person's condition becomes more afflicted,
This is the fate of the wicked generation,
With no repentance, only condemnation.

In this passage, Jesus is responding to the Pharisees and teachers of the law who are demanding a sign from him. Jesus refers to the story of Jonah as a sign that will be given to them, pointing to his own coming death and resurrection as the ultimate sign. He then goes on to teach about the consequences of an impure spirit leaving a person and returning with even more wicked spirits, using it as an analogy to highlight the spiritual condition of the generation that is demanding a sign from him.

Exegesis: The demand for a sign: The Pharisees and teachers of the law were constantly testing Jesus and demanding signs from him to prove his authority. Jesus rebukes them, calling them a "wicked and adulterous generation" for seeking after signs instead of having faith in him as the Son of God.

The sign of Jonah: Jesus refers to the story of Jonah, who was in the belly of a fish for three days and three nights, as a foreshadowing of his own death and resurrection. Just as Jonah was delivered from the fish after three days, Jesus would rise from the dead after three days in the tomb, confirming his divinity and fulfilling the prophecy of the sign of Jonah. Condemnation of the generation: Jesus points out that the men of Nineveh, who repented at the preaching of Jonah, and the Queen of the South, who came to hear the wisdom of Solomon, will condemn the generation that is demanding a sign from Jesus. Jesus is greater than both Jonah and Solomon, yet the people are rejecting him and his message. The analogy of the impure spirit: Jesus uses the analogy of an impure spirit leaving a person and returning with more wicked spirits to illustrate the spiritual condition of the generation that is demanding a sign from him. He warns that if an impure spirit is cast out of a person, but the person does not fill the void with something good, the spirit may return with even more wicked spirits, resulting in a worse condition than before.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus is the ultimate sign of God's authority and power, as demonstrated through his death and resurrection. He rebukes the demand for signs and emphasizes the importance of faith in him as the Son of God. He also warns about the consequences of rejecting him and the need to fill our lives with good things to avoid spiritual emptiness and vulnerability to evil.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: Faith over signs: We should not demand signs from God as a condition for our faith. Instead, we should trust in Jesus as the ultimate sign of God's love, grace, and power. Our faith in Jesus should be based on who he is and what he has done for us, rather than on external signs or miracles. 

Repentance and response to God's message: The men of Nineveh and the Queen of the South responded to the messages of Jonah and Solomon respectively with repentance and faith. We should also respond to God's message with humility, repentance, and faith, recognizing Jesus as the ultimate revelation of God's wisdom and grace.

Filling our lives with good things: The analogy of the impure spirit teaches us the importance of filling our lives with good things, such as God's word, prayer, worship, and fellowship with other believers. When we focus on cultivating a healthy and vibrant relationship with God, we are less vulnerable to the attacks of evil and more likely to grow in our faith and spiritual maturity.

Beware of spiritual emptiness: The passage warns us about the dangers of spiritual emptiness and complacency. We should not leave our hearts and lives empty, but rather constantly seek to be filled with the  presence of God through prayer, Scripture study, worship, and fellowship. Neglecting our spiritual well-being can leave us vulnerable to the attacks of evil and lead to a worse condition than before.

Jesus is greater than all: Jesus's reference to Jonah and Solomon underscores his authority and superiority over all prophets and kings. He is the Son of God, the promised Messiah, and the ultimate revelation of God's wisdom, grace, and power. Recognizing Jesus as the preeminent figure in human history and submitting to his lordship is crucial for our faith and spiritual growth.

The danger of seeking signs over faith: Jesus's rebuke to the demand for signs highlights the danger of seeking miraculous signs as a prerequisite for faith. True faith in Jesus is not based on external signs or wonders, but on a personal relationship with him and trust in his word. Relying solely on signs for faith can lead to a shallow and superficial faith that lacks a deep understanding of God's character and his redemptive plan.

The Sign of Jonah

38 Then some of the Pharisees and teachers of the law said to him, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from you.”
39 He answered, “A wicked and adulterous generation asks for a sign! But none will be given it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. 40 For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of a huge fish, so the Son of Man will be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. 41 The men of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and now something greater than Jonah is here. 42 The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for she came from the ends of the earth to listen to Solomon’s wisdom, and now something greater than Solomon is here.
43 “When an impure spirit comes out of a person, it goes through arid places seeking rest and does not find it. 44 Then it says, ‘I will return to the house I left.’ When it arrives, it finds the house unoccupied, swept clean and put in order. 45 Then it goes and takes with it seven other spirits more wicked than itself, and they go in and live there. And the final condition of that person is worse than the first. That is how it will be with this wicked generation.”

Jesus’ Mother and Brothers

As Jesus spoke to the crowd that day,
His mother and brothers stood outside, they say.
They wanted to speak to Him and convey,
But someone told Him as they were on their way.

"Your mother and brothers are standing outside,
They want to speak to you," the message did confide.
But Jesus, in His wisdom, did reply,
"Who is my mother, and who are my brothers?" with a sigh.

He pointed to His disciples and said,
"Here are my mother and my brothers, instead.
For whoever does the will of my Father in heaven,
Is my brother and sister and mother, forgiven."

Jesus' words may seem surprising,
But in His message, there's no disguising,
That family is not just blood and birth,
But those who follow God's will and worth.

So let us strive to do God's will each day,
And be a part of Jesus' family in every way.
For in His love and grace, we find our home,
And in His kingdom, we'll never be alone.

The passage in Matthew 12:46-50 portrays an incident where Jesus' mother and brothers come to see him while he is speaking to a crowd. Jesus responds in a way that may seem surprising, stating that those who do the will of his Father in heaven are his true family. This passage showcases Jesus' unique relationship with his family and his emphasis on spiritual relationships over earthly ones. It also highlights his authority as the Son of God and the importance of obedience to God's will.

Exegesis: Verse 46: Jesus' mother and brothers stood outside, possibly seeking to speak with him. This suggests a natural family concern and desire to see Jesus.
Verse 47: Someone informs Jesus about his family's presence, likely expecting him to respond and acknowledge them.
Verses 48-49: Jesus responds by posing a rhetorical question about his family, and then pointing to his disciples, stating that those who do the will of his Father in heaven are his true family.
Main Point: The main point of the passage is that Jesus prioritizes spiritual relationships over earthly ones and emphasizes obedience to God's will as the defining factor of true discipleship and family.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: Importance of spiritual relationships: Jesus' response emphasizes the significance of spiritual relationships over earthly ones. Being part of Jesus' family is not solely based on biological ties, but on a shared commitment to follow God's will and be obedient to him. As believers, we should prioritize our relationship with God and fellow believers, and seek to be part of a community that shares a common faith and commitment to God's will.

Obedience to God's will: Jesus highlights the importance of obedience to God's will as the defining factor of true discipleship. Those who do God's will are considered Jesus' family, indicating that obedience to God's commands and alignment with his purposes are essential in our relationship with Jesus. As believers, we should strive to align our lives with God's will, seeking to obey him in all aspects of our lives. Jesus' authority as the Son of God: Jesus' response also underscores his authority as the Son of God, with the ability to redefine and prioritize relationships based on spiritual criteria. He emphasizes the unique bond between himself and those who are obedient to God's will, highlighting his divine authority and lordship over all aspects of our lives.

A call to discipleship: Jesus' statement about doing the will of his Father in heaven as the basis for being part of his family serves as a call to discipleship. It challenges us to actively pursue and live out God's will in our lives, demonstrating our commitment to follow Jesus as his disciples. In conclusion, this passage emphasizes the importance of spiritual relationships and obedience to God's will in our relationship with Jesus. It highlights Jesus' authority as the Son of God and calls us to prioritize our commitment to God's will above all else. As believers, we should strive to be obedient to God's commands, prioritize our relationship with God and fellow believers, and actively follow Jesus as his disciples.

46 While Jesus was still talking to the crowd, his mother and brothers stood outside, wanting to speak to him. 47 Someone told him, “Your mother and brothers are standing outside, wanting to speak to you.”
48 He replied to him, “Who is my mother, and who are my brothers?” 49 Pointing to his disciples, he said, “Here are my mother and my brothers. 50 For whoever does the will of my Father in heaven is my brother and sister and mother.”

Parables of the sower, weeds, mustard seed, and leaven (Matthew 13:1-43)

The Parable of the Sower

Listen, hear the parable of the sower,
Who scattered seeds upon the ground,
Some fell on paths, trampled and hard,
Snatched away, never to be found.

Others fell on rocky terrain,
Quick to receive the word with glee,
But lacking roots, they withered away,
At the first sign of adversity.

And some fell among thorns,
Choked by the cares of the world,
And the lure of wealth and prosperity,
The message lost, fruitless and unfurled.

But some seeds fell on good soil,
Taking root and bearing fruit,
In one case, a hundredfold,
In others, sixty or thirty, the yield to boot.

So let us strive to be like the good soil,
To receive the word and understand,
To bear fruit in abundance,
And spread the message throughout the land.

13 That same day Jesus went out of the house and sat beside the sea. 2 And great crowds gathered about him, so that he got into a boat and sat down. And the whole crowd stood on the beach. 3 And he told them many things in parables, saying: “A sower went out to sow. 4 And as he sowed, some seeds fell along the path, and the birds came and devoured them. 5 Other seeds fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil, 6 but when the sun rose they were scorched. And since they had no root, they withered away. 7 Other seeds fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. 8 Other seeds fell on good soil and produced grain, some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty. 9 He who has ears,[a] let him hear.”

The Purpose of the Parables

The kingdom of heaven is like a field,
Where good seed was sown and wheat did yield.
But an enemy came and sowed weeds by night,
Which grew alongside the wheat in plain sight.

The servants of the master came to inquire,
How could there be weeds amidst the good fire?
The master replied, "An enemy has done this,
Leave them be and let them grow amidst."

For fear of harming the wheat, the servants asked,
"Shall we not gather the weeds, is that our task?"
"No," said the master, "lest you uproot the good,
Let them both grow until the harvest, as they should."

At the harvest, the reapers were told to separate,
The wheat from the weeds, and their fate to indicate.
The weeds were bound in bundles and set to burn,
While the wheat was gathered and to the master's barn turned.

This parable reminds us of the world we live in,
Where good and evil coexist, amidst our din.
The master is God, who allows both to grow,
Till the day of judgment, when He'll clearly show.

Let us then strive to be like the good wheat,
And not let the weeds of sin and evil compete.
For in the end, we shall reap what we sow,
And into the master's barn, only the good will go.

The passage in Matthew 13:1-9 presents Jesus teaching a crowd of people through the use of parables, specifically the parable of the sower. Jesus uses this parable to teach about the different responses people have to the message of the kingdom of God. Jesus often used parables, which are simple stories with a deeper spiritual meaning, to teach important truths about the kingdom of God. In this particular parable, Jesus uses the metaphor of a sower sowing seeds in different types of soil to illustrate how people respond to the message of the kingdom.

Exegesis: Verses 1-2: Jesus goes out of the house and sits by the sea, and a great crowd gathers around him. He gets into a boat and sits down, while the whole crowd stands on the beach, creating an ideal setting for teaching.
Verses 3-8: Jesus tells the parable of the sower, describing how the seeds fall on different types of ground - along the path, on rocky ground, among thorns, and on good soil - and the different outcomes that result from each type of soil. Verse 9: Jesus concludes the parable by calling for those with ears to hear, indicating that the parable has a deeper spiritual meaning and is meant to be understood and applied.

Main Point: The main point of the parable of the sower is to illustrate the different responses people have to the message of the kingdom of God. The seed represents the word of God, and the different types of soil represent the condition of people's hearts and their receptivity to the message of God's kingdom.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: Importance of receptivity: The parable highlights the importance of having a receptive heart to receive the message of the kingdom of God. Just as different types of soil produce different outcomes, people's hearts can be receptive or unreceptive to God's word. It challenges us to examine our hearts and strive to cultivate a receptive heart that is open to receiving and nurturing the message of God's kingdom.

Challenges to faith: The parable also acknowledges the challenges and obstacles that can hinder the growth of God's word in our lives, such as the distractions of worldly concerns (represented by thorns) or lack of depth and root (represented by rocky ground). It reminds us to be aware of these challenges and actively address them in our lives to ensure that our faith grows and bears fruit.

The role of God's word: The parable emphasizes the centrality of God's word in the process of growth and fruitfulness. The seed represents the word of God, and its growth depends on the condition of the soil (the hearts of people). It underscores the importance of regularly and attentively hearing, receiving, and applying God's word in our lives for spiritual growth and fruitfulness.

The outcome of genuine faith: The parable also highlights the positive outcome of genuine faith and receptivity to God's word. When the seed falls on good soil, it produces abundant fruit - a hundredfold, sixtyfold, or thirtyfold. This illustrates the transformative power of God's word in our lives when we have a receptive heart and allow it to take root and grow.

The call to be good soil: The parable challenges us to be "good soil" - hearts that are receptive, responsive, and fertile for the message of God's kingdom. It calls us to cultivate a heart that is open to God's word, willing to hear, receive, and apply it in our lives, so that it may bear abundant fruit.

10 Then the disciples came and said to him, “Why do you speak to them in parables?” 11 And he answered them, “To you it has been given to know the secrets of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it has not been given. 12 For to the one who has, more will be given, and he will have an abundance, but from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away. 13 This is why I speak to them in parables, because seeing they do not see, and hearing they do not hear, nor do they understand. 14 Indeed, in their case the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled that says:

“‘“You will indeed hear but never understand,
    and you will indeed see but never perceive.”
15 For this people's heart has grown dull,
    and with their ears they can barely hear,
    and their eyes they have closed,
lest they should see with their eyes
    and hear with their ears
and understand with their heart
    and turn, and I would heal them.’

16 But blessed are your eyes, for they see, and your ears, for they hear. 17 For truly, I say to you, many prophets and righteous people longed to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.

The Parable of the Sower Explained

The sower goes out to sow
Scattering seeds both high and low
Some fall upon the path, so bare
Where birds come quickly and do share

The seed on rocky ground finds home
It sprouts up quick, but soon does roam
For lack of root it quickly fades
When troubles come, it's gone, betrayed

Some seeds fall among thorny vines
Where roots grow deep, and light declines
Choked by worldly cares and greed
The plant is lost, no fruit to feed

But some seeds fall on fertile ground
Where soil is rich and love abounds
They grow up tall and bear much fruit
In hundred, sixty, or thirty, acute

So listen well, to this tale so old
Let the seed of truth in your heart take hold
May it grow and bear much fruit
And let your love take root

In this passage, Jesus explains to his disciples why he speaks to the people in parables. He states that while the disciples have been given the understanding of the secrets of the kingdom of heaven, others have not been granted this knowledge. Jesus quotes a prophecy from Isaiah that describes how some people will hear and see, but not understand, because their hearts have grown dull and their ears and eyes are closed. Jesus then emphasizes the blessing of the disciples, as they are able to see and hear what many prophets and righteous people longed to experience but did not. He implies that the disciples are fortunate to have been given insight into the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven.

Exegesis: This passage highlights the concept of divine revelation and understanding. Jesus reveals that the ability to comprehend the truths of the kingdom of heaven is a gift given to some, but not to others. It is not solely based on human effort or intelligence, but is granted by God's grace. Jesus uses parables as a teaching method, not only to convey truths in a relatable and memorable way, but also to reveal the hearts of those who hear them. The parables act as a filter, sifting out those whose hearts are open to understanding and receiving the message, while exposing those whose hearts are hardened or closed. Jesus quotes from Isaiah to illustrate that the lack of understanding among some is not a new phenomenon, but a fulfillment of prophecy. It is a result of the state of their hearts, which have become dull and unresponsive due to their own choices and actions. The disciples, on the other hand, are commended for their ability to see and hear with understanding. They have been receptive to Jesus' teachings and have been granted insight into the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that the understanding of the secrets of the kingdom of heaven is a gift from God, granted to those whose hearts are open and receptive. It is not solely based on human effort or intelligence, but is a result of God's grace and the condition of one's heart.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: God's revelation and understanding are gifts: This passage reminds us that our ability to understand and comprehend spiritual truths is not solely dependent on our own efforts, but is a gift from God. It is important to approach God's Word with humility and receptivity, recognizing that our understanding is a result of His grace. The condition of the heart matters: The passage emphasizes the importance of the condition of our hearts in receiving and understanding God's truths. If our hearts are dull, closed, or unresponsive, we may miss out on the deeper meanings and insights that God wants to reveal to us. It is essential to cultivate a soft and receptive heart through prayer, repentance, and obedience to God's Word.

The value of divine revelation: The disciples are praised for their ability to see and hear with understanding what many prophets and righteous people longed to experience. This highlights the value and significance of divine revelation in our lives. It is a privilege and a blessing to receive insight into the mysteries of God's kingdom, and we should cherish and seek after it with a humble and grateful heart.

Practical Application: Approach God's Word with humility and receptivity: When reading and studying the Bible, approach it with humility, recognizing that our understanding is a result of God's grace. Pray for an open heart and mind to receive His truths, and be willing to let go of preconceived notions or biases that may hinder our comprehension.

18 “Hear then the parable of the sower: 19 When anyone hears the word of the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown along the path. 20 As for what was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy, 21 yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while, and when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately he falls away.[b] 22 As for what was sown among thorns, this is the one who hears the word, but the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and it proves unfruitful. 23 As for what was sown on good soil, this is the one who hears the word and understands it. He indeed bears fruit and yields, in one case a hundredfold, in another sixty, and in another thirty.”

The Parable of the Weeds

A field of wheat, so carefully sown,
Good seed planted, soon to be grown.
But in the night, an enemy came,
Sowing weeds, causing much shame.

The plants grew tall, bearing grain,
But alongside the weeds, causing pain.
The servants asked, "How can this be?
Did you not sow only good seed?"

The master replied, "An enemy's deed,
Let both grow, there is no need
To gather them now, in haste and fear,
For in doing so, wheat may disappear."

At harvest time, the reapers came,
Separating weeds, from wheat of fame.
Gathered in bundles, the weeds were burned,
While the wheat into the barn was turned.

This parable of the kingdom of heaven,
Teaches patience, forgiveness, and leaven.
Let both good and evil grow together,
Until judgment day, they shall not sever.

The passage you've provided is another parable that Jesus shared with his disciples, which is commonly known as the Parable of the Wheat and the Weeds. Here is a commentary, explanation, and exegesis of the passage:

Context: Jesus had been teaching the crowds by the sea and had already shared the Parable of the Sower, which we discussed earlier. In this parable, Jesus uses the imagery of a farmer sowing good seed in his field.

Story: Jesus tells the disciples that the kingdom of heaven is like a man who sows good seed in his field. However, while the man's servants were sleeping, an enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat. As the plants grew and bore grain, the weeds also appeared. The servants of the man were confused and asked if they should gather the weeds. But the man instructed them to let both the wheat and the weeds grow together until the harvest, and then the reapers would gather the weeds first to be burned, and the wheat would be gathered into the man's barn.

Main Point: The main point of this parable is that there will be a coexistence of good and evil in the world until the end of time, represented by the wheat and the weeds growing together until the harvest. It highlights the reality of the presence of evil and the challenges of discerning between good and evil in the world.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: The existence of evil: The parable acknowledges that evil exists in the world and can infiltrate even the most well-intentioned efforts, represented by the weeds sown among the wheat. It reveals that the kingdom of heaven, though present, is not fully realized in its complete form on earth and that evil will coexist with good until the end of time.

God's patience and judgment: The man in the parable represents God, who patiently allows both good and evil to coexist and grow until the final judgment. It shows God's patience in giving people time to repent and turn towards Him, as well as His ultimate authority and wisdom in judging and separating the righteous from the unrighteous.

The danger of hasty judgment: The man's instruction not to gather the weeds prematurely reveals the danger of hasty judgment and the potential harm it can cause to the good, represented by the wheat. It reminds us to be cautious in making judgments and to trust in God's wisdom and timing in dealing with evil.


The certainty of final judgment: The parable emphasizes the reality of a final judgment when the wheat and the weeds will be separated. It serves as a reminder of the accountability and responsibility that each person has for their actions and choices, and the assurance that justice will ultimately prevail.

Practical Application: Cultivating discernment: The parable challenges us to cultivate discernment and wisdom in differentiating between good and evil, and not to be swayed by appearances or hasty judgments. It encourages us to seek God's guidance and wisdom in navigating the complexities of the world and making choices that align with His values.
Practicing patience and grace: The parable calls us to practice patience and grace towards others, knowing that not everyone may be on the same spiritual journey or at the same level of understanding. It reminds us not to be quick to judge or condemn, but to extend grace and love, allowing God to work in the lives of others as well.
Living with hope and accountability: The parable reminds us to live with hope, knowing that despite the existence of evil, God's kingdom will ultimately prevail. It also highlights the importance of living a life of accountability, recognizing that our actions and choices have consequences and that we will be held accountable before God's judgment seat.

24 He put another parable before them, saying, “The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field, 25 but while his men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed weeds[c] among the wheat and went away. 26 So when the plants came up and bore grain, then the weeds appeared also. 27 And the servants[d] of the master of the house came and said to him, ‘Master, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have weeds?’ 28 He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ So the servants said to him, ‘Then do you want us to go and gather them?’ 29 But he said, ‘No, lest in gathering the weeds you root up the wheat along with them. 30 Let both grow together until the harvest, and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, “Gather the weeds first and bind them in bundles to be burned, but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”

The Mustard Seed and the Leaven

The Kingdom of Heaven

In parables, Christ spoke to them,
Of a Kingdom that's to come,
Of a tiny mustard seed,
And the way that it has grown.

The smallest seed of all,
Yet it becomes a tree,
Large enough for birds to nest,
In its branches, wild and free.

The Kingdom of Heaven, he said,
Is also like the leaven,
That a woman hid in flour,
And let it rise and leaven.

Three measures of flour she took,
And leavened it through and through,
So too the Kingdom will grow,
In each and every heart anew.

For though it may seem small at first,
It grows and spreads and thrives,
Filling hearts and lives with love,
As it touches all our lives.

This passage comes from Matthew 13:31-33 and consists of two parables that Jesus told his disciples to describe what the Kingdom of Heaven is like.

In the first parable, Jesus compares the Kingdom of Heaven to a mustard seed. Mustard seeds were commonly used in the ancient Near East to illustrate smallness, and Jesus uses this to show that the Kingdom of Heaven may start small, but it will grow and flourish into something much larger than expected. When the mustard seed grows, it becomes a tree, providing a home for the birds of the air. This symbolizes the expansion of the Kingdom of Heaven, where people from all nations and walks of life can find refuge and rest.

In the second parable, Jesus compares the Kingdom of Heaven to leaven, a type of yeast used in baking. Even though leaven is small, it has the power to leaven a large amount of dough. Similarly, the Kingdom of Heaven may start small, but it has the power to transform and change the world around it.

The main point of these parables is that the Kingdom of Heaven is not necessarily what people expect. It may start small and seemingly insignificant, but it has the power to grow and transform the world. Jesus is also illustrating that the Kingdom of Heaven is not just a physical place, but a state of being that can be found in the hearts of individuals.

Spiritually, these parables teach us that the Kingdom of Heaven is not just a future destination, but a present reality. As followers of Jesus, we are called to be agents of the Kingdom, bringing light and life to the world around us. Theological lessons include the idea that the Kingdom of Heaven is not exclusive to a particular group or nationality, but it is available to all who seek it.

Practically, these parables teach us to have faith in the power of the Kingdom of Heaven to transform the world. Even when things seem small and insignificant, we can trust that the Kingdom of Heaven is at work and will bring about positive change in the world. We are called to be faithful in our actions, even if we cannot see the immediate results.

31 He put another parable before them, saying, “The kingdom of heaven is like a grain of mustard seed that a man took and sowed in his field. 32 It is the smallest of all seeds, but when it has grown it is larger than all the garden plants and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and make nests in its branches.”
33 He told them another parable. “The kingdom of heaven is like leaven that a woman took and hid in three measures of flour, till it was all leavened.”

Prophecy and Parables

Jesus spoke in parables,
To teach the crowds below,
He shared with them hidden truths,
That they may come to know.

For nothing did he speak,
Without a story to tell,
Using simple illustrations,
To help the truth to dwell.

He fulfilled the words of prophecy,
That spoke of parables of old,
Opening his mouth to teach,
And share the mysteries untold.

And so we too can learn,
From the stories he did tell,
The kingdom of heaven is near,
For those who listen well.

The passage you've provided is from Matthew 13:34-35, and it describes Jesus' teaching style of using parables to communicate his message. Here is a commentary, explanation, and exegesis of the passage:

Context: Jesus had been teaching the crowds using parables, including the Parable of the Wheat and the Weeds that we discussed earlier. The passage emphasizes that Jesus used parables extensively in his teaching. Jesus used parables, which are short, simple stories that illustrate spiritual truths, to teach the crowds. This fulfilled a prophecy from the Old Testament (Psalm 78:2), which spoke of God using parables to reveal hidden truths since the foundation of the world. Jesus used parables as a way to communicate deep spiritual truths in a way that was accessible and relatable to the people of his time.

Exegesis: The passage highlights the significance of Jesus' use of parables in his teaching ministry. It emphasizes that Jesus intentionally used parables as a means of revealing hidden truths and conveying his message to the crowds in a way that was both engaging and memorable.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus used parables as a way to teach profound truths about the kingdom of heaven in a simple, relatable manner. It emphasizes the importance of Jesus' teaching ministry and his intentional use of parables to communicate his message to the people.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Jesus as the Revealer of Truth: The passage reveals Jesus' role as the revealer of truth, fulfilling the Old Testament prophecy about God using parables to reveal hidden truths. It highlights Jesus' unique authority as the Son of God and the source of divine revelation.

Communicating Truth in Relatable Ways: The passage underscores the importance of using relatable means, such as parables, to communicate deep spiritual truths. It reminds us of the need to adapt our communication methods to effectively convey God's message to others in a way that is understandable and engaging.

The Depth of God's Wisdom: The passage points to the profound wisdom of God, who has hidden truths since the foundation of the world and reveals them in due time. It reminds us of the unfathomable depth and richness of God's wisdom and the constant need for humility and receptivity in our pursuit of understanding God's truth.


Practical Application: Engaging in Effective Communication: The passage challenges us to reflect on our communication methods and strive to convey God's message in ways that are relatable and accessible to others. It encourages us to be creative and intentional in sharing God's truth with others, using methods that are relevant to their context.
Cultivating Humility and Receptivity: The passage reminds us of the need for humility and receptivity in our pursuit of understanding God's truth. It calls us to approach Scripture and God's teachings with an open heart and mind, willing to learn and receive insights from God's wisdom.

Embracing Jesus' Teaching Ministry: The passage highlights the significance of Jesus' teaching ministry and his use of parables to communicate deep truths. It encourages us to value and embrace Jesus' teachings as a source of guidance and wisdom for our lives, and to strive to apply his teachings in our daily walk with God.
In summary, the passage emphasizes Jesus' use of parables as a way to communicate profound truths about the kingdom of heaven in a relatable manner. It highlights the importance of effective communication, the depth of God's wisdom, and the need for humility and receptivity in our pursuit of understanding God's truth. The spiritual, theological, and practical lessons from the passage include recognizing Jesus as the revealer of truth, using relatable means to communicate God's message, valuing God 's wisdom, and embracing Jesus' teaching ministry. The passage challenges us to reflect on our communication methods, cultivate humility and receptivity, and apply Jesus' teachings in our lives.

From a spiritual perspective, this passage reminds us of the significance of Jesus' teaching ministry and the depth of God's wisdom. It encourages us to approach Scripture and God's teachings with humility and receptivity, valuing the insights and truths revealed by Jesus. From a theological perspective, this passage highlights Jesus' role as the revealer of truth and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. It emphasizes the divine authority of Jesus and the importance of his teachings in understanding God's kingdom. From a practical perspective, this passage challenges us to consider our communication methods in sharing God's truth with others. It encourages us to use relatable means, such as parables, to effectively communicate deep spiritual truths in a way that is accessible and engaging. It also calls us to embrace Jesus' teachings as a source of guidance and wisdom in our daily lives, striving to apply them in our thoughts, words, and actions. In conclusion, the passage highlights Jesus' use of parables as a means of communicating profound truths about the kingdom of heaven. It emphasizes the importance of effective communication, the depth of God's wisdom, and the need for humility and receptivity in understanding God's truth. The passage calls us to value and embrace Jesus' teachings, reflect on our communication methods, cultivate humility, and apply Jesus' teachings in our lives.

34 All these things Jesus said to the crowds in parables; indeed, he said nothing to them without a parable. 35 This was to fulfill what was spoken by the prophet:[e]
“I will open my mouth in parables;
    I will utter what has been hidden since the foundation of the world.”

The Parable of the Weeds Explained

In a field, the Son of Man sows
Good seed that will one day grow
The world is the field, we are the crop
But the enemy sows weeds that won't stop

The weeds are the sons of the evil one
Sowing chaos until the end has begun
The harvest is the end of the age
And the reapers are angels in their sage

Just as the weeds are gathered and burned
So too will the evil ones be spurned
The Son of Man will send his angels
To gather all sinners, and their wrangles

Thrown into the fiery furnace they will be
Weeping and gnashing, the wicked will see
But the righteous will shine like the sun
In the kingdom of their Father, they have won

He who has ears, let him hear
And live a righteous life without fear
For the Son of Man sows good seed
And those who follow will surely succeed.

This passage follows Jesus' explanation of the parable of the weeds of the field, as requested by his disciples. Jesus provides a clear interpretation of the parable, explaining the symbolism of the various elements used in the story.

In Jesus' explanation, the one who sows the good seed is identified as the Son of Man, referring to Jesus himself. The field represents the world, and the good seed represents the sons of the kingdom, or the righteous followers of Jesus. The weeds, on the other hand, represent the sons of the evil one, or those who oppose and reject Jesus and his teachings. The enemy who sowed the weeds is identified as the devil, and the harvest represents the end of the age, when God's judgment will take place. The reapers are angels, who will gather out of God's kingdom all causes of sin and law-breakers, and they will be thrown into the fiery furnace, a metaphor for eternal judgment. In contrast, the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father.

The main point of this passage is to emphasize the coexistence of good and evil in the world until the end of the age, when God's judgment will separate the righteous from the wicked. It also highlights the ultimate authority and judgment of Jesus as the Son of Man and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies.

From a spiritual perspective, this passage underscores the reality of the existence of good and evil in the world, and the ultimate accountability of all people before God's judgment. It reminds us of the importance of aligning ourselves with Jesus and his teachings, and living a righteous life in anticipation of God's final judgment.

From a theological perspective, this passage affirms Jesus' role as the divine revealer of truth and the judge of all people. It highlights the reality of God's judgment and the consequences of sin, while also underscoring the hope of the righteous shining like the sun in the kingdom of their Father.

From a practical perspective, this passage calls us to discernment and discernment, being aware of the presence of evil in the world, and being diligent in living a righteous life in accordance with Jesus' teachings. It also reminds us of the importance of sharing the gospel and being a positive influence in the world, while also recognizing that God's judgment will ultimately separate the righteous from the wicked.

In conclusion, this passage provides an interpretation of the parable of the weeds of the field, emphasizing the coexistence of good and evil in the world, the authority and judgment of Jesus, and the ultimate accountability of all people before God. It underscores the importance of living a righteous life, aligning ourselves with Jesus' teachings, and being aware of the reality of God's judgment.

36 Then he left the crowds and went into the house. And his disciples came to him, saying, “Explain to us the parable of the weeds of the field.” 37 He answered, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man. 38 The field is the world, and the good seed is the sons of the kingdom. The weeds are the sons of the evil one, 39 and the enemy who sowed them is the devil. The harvest is the end of the age, and the reapers are angels. 40 Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the age. 41 The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers, 42 and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 43 Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears, let him hear.

Jesus explains the parables (Matthew 13:44-52)

The Parable of the Hidden Treasure

The kingdom of heaven is like a treasure,
Hidden in a field, unknown measure,
A man discovered it, and he knew,
This treasure was worth everything, it's true.

He covered it up to keep it secure,
And with joy, he knew the value was pure,
He sold all he had, every possession,
To buy that field and make it his possession.

The kingdom of heaven is worth it all,
Selling everything, standing proud and tall,
For in the end, it's the only thing that lasts,
Eternal treasure, forever steadfast.

So let us seek the kingdom with all our heart,
And from worldly things, let us depart,
For in the kingdom of heaven, we will find,
A treasure beyond measure, one of a kind.

This passage is part of Jesus' teachings on the kingdom of heaven and presents a parable about a man who discovers a hidden treasure in a field. The man, in his joy, sells everything he has and buys the field to possess the treasure.

From a hermeneutical perspective, it's important to consider the context of Jesus' teachings on the kingdom of heaven, which he often used parables to illustrate. Parables are fictional stories that Jesus used to convey spiritual truths, and they often have multiple layers of meaning.

In this parable, the main point of the story is the incomparable value of the kingdom of heaven. The man in the story represents a person who discovers the true worth of the kingdom of heaven, symbolized by the hidden treasure in the field. The man's response of selling everything he has to obtain the field illustrates the radical and sacrificial commitment required to attain the kingdom of heaven.

Spiritually, this parable teaches us about the surpassing value of the kingdom of heaven. It highlights that the kingdom of heaven is a treasure worth pursuing with our utmost devotion and commitment. Just as the man in the parable was willing to sell all he had to obtain the treasure, we are called to prioritize and pursue the kingdom of heaven above all else in our lives.

Theologically, this parable emphasizes the supreme worth and significance of the kingdom of heaven in God's redemptive plan. It highlights that the kingdom of heaven is not just a peripheral aspect of our faith, but rather the ultimate goal and purpose of our existence. It also underscores the grace and joy that come from discovering and embracing the kingdom of heaven.

Practically, this parable challenges us to reevaluate our priorities and attachments in light of the kingdom of heaven. It prompts us to examine our hearts and consider if we are truly willing to let go of anything that hinders us from wholeheartedly pursuing the kingdom of heaven. It also encourages us to approach our faith with joy and enthusiasm, recognizing the immeasurable value of the kingdom of heaven in our lives.

In conclusion, this parable teaches us about the incomparable value of the kingdom of heaven and the radical commitment required to obtain it. It calls us to prioritize and pursue the kingdom of heaven above all else, and to approach our faith with joy and devotion. May we be inspired by this parable to wholeheartedly seek and embrace the treasure of the kingdom of heaven in our lives.

44 “The kingdom of heaven is like treasure hidden in a field, which a man found and covered up. Then in his joy he goes and sells all that he has and buys that field.

The Parable of the Pearl of Great Value

The journey may be long, and the road may be tough,
But the prize that awaits is more than enough,
For in the kingdom of heaven, we'll find peace,
And all of our worries and troubles will cease.

Let us not be swayed by earthly desires,
For they are fleeting, like flickering fires,
But the kingdom of heaven is forevermore,
And its treasures are worth striving for.

So let us seek first the kingdom of God,
And follow His ways with a heart that is awed,
For in His presence, we'll find true joy and love,
And a treasure that shines brighter than anything above.

This passage is part of a larger set of parables that Jesus used to describe the kingdom of heaven to his disciples and followers. In this particular parable, Jesus likens the kingdom of heaven to a merchant in search of fine pearls who finds one pearl of great value and sells all he has to buy it.

The parable is short and straightforward, but it carries significant theological and practical implications. On the surface, the parable may seem to be about the value of the kingdom of heaven and the sacrifices one must make to obtain it. However, a closer examination of the context and the imagery used reveals deeper meanings and lessons.

The merchant in the parable represents a person seeking the kingdom of heaven, and the pearl of great value represents the kingdom itself. The fact that the merchant sells everything he has to obtain the pearl suggests that the kingdom of heaven is priceless and worth more than anything else.

The parable also implies that the kingdom of heaven is not something that can be obtained easily or without effort. The merchant had to search for the pearl, and once he found it, he had to make sacrifices to acquire it. Likewise, those seeking the kingdom of heaven must be willing to put in the necessary effort and make sacrifices to obtain it.

The parable also emphasizes the exclusive nature of the kingdom of heaven. The merchant did not find multiple pearls of great value, but only one. This suggests that the kingdom of heaven is not one option among many, but the only option for those seeking eternal life and salvation.

Spiritually, the parable reminds us of the value and importance of the kingdom of heaven. It also emphasizes the need for us to seek the kingdom diligently and make sacrifices to obtain it. The parable challenges us to consider whether we are willing to give up everything to obtain the kingdom of heaven, just as the merchant did for the pearl.

Theologically, the parable emphasizes the unique and exclusive nature of the kingdom of heaven. It also reminds us of the sacrifice that Christ made on the cross to make the kingdom available to us. The parable reinforces the idea that salvation is not something that can be earned or obtained through our own efforts but is a gift that we must receive by faith.

Practically, the parable challenges us to reexamine our priorities and consider what we value most in life. It calls us to examine the sacrifices we are willing to make to obtain the kingdom of heaven and to be intentional in seeking it.

In summary, this parable emphasizes the value, exclusivity, and sacrifice required to obtain the kingdom of heaven. It challenges us to prioritize the kingdom above all else, seek it diligently, and make the necessary sacrifices to obtain it.

45 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a merchant in search of fine pearls, 46 who, on finding one pearl of great value, went and sold all that he had and bought it.

The Parable of the Net

The kingdom of heaven is like a net
Thrown into the sea, where fish do fret
All kinds are gathered, good and bad
But only the good are kept to be had

Men draw the net ashore with care
And sort the fish, the good they bear
The bad are thrown away with ease
And left to suffer, as they please

So it will be at the end of time
When angels come with power divine
They'll separate the evil from the just
And the wicked will go into the fiery crust

In that place, there will be much pain
Weeping and gnashing of teeth remain
But for the righteous, a different fate
They'll shine like the sun in a heavenly state

This passage is found in Matthew 13:47-50 and is part of a series of parables that Jesus tells to illustrate the nature of the kingdom of heaven. In this parable, Jesus compares the kingdom of heaven to a fishing net that is cast into the sea and catches fish of every kind.

The net in this parable is a dragnet, which was a common method of fishing in Jesus' time. The dragnet was a large, weighted net that was dragged through the water, collecting fish as it went. The fish were then sorted on the shore, with the good fish being kept and the bad fish being discarded.

In the parable, the net represents the gospel message, which is cast out into the world and catches people of all kinds. Just as the dragnet catches both good and bad fish, the gospel message reaches both the righteous and the unrighteous. However, at the end of the age, the angels will come and separate the evil from the righteous, just as the fishermen sort the good fish from the bad.

The sorting process in the parable is a picture of the final judgment. Those who have accepted the gospel and lived according to God's will are considered righteous and will be saved. Those who have rejected the gospel and lived in sin will be considered evil and will be cast into the fiery furnace, which represents hell.

The main point of the parable is that the kingdom of heaven is inclusive and available to all people, but there will be a final judgment where those who have rejected God's will and lived in sin will be separated from the righteous.

The spiritual and theological lesson of this parable is that salvation is available to all people, regardless of their background or past actions. However, it also emphasizes the importance of repentance and turning away from sin, as those who continue to live in sin will face eternal punishment.

The practical lesson for Christians is to share the gospel message with all people, without discrimination or prejudice. We should also live our lives in a way that reflects God's will and seek to turn away from sin. Additionally, we should be mindful of the final judgment and strive to live in a way that pleases God, knowing that our eternal destiny is at stake.

47 “Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was thrown into the sea and gathered fish of every kind. 48 When it was full, men drew it ashore and sat down and sorted the good into containers but threw away the bad. 49 So it will be at the end of the age. The angels will come out and separate the evil from the righteous 50 and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

New and Old Treasures

Amidst the sea, a net was cast
To gather fish of every kind at last
When full, men drew it to the shore
To sort the good and cast the bad once more

This is how the kingdom of heaven is shown
As angels will come to separate the known
Evil and righteous, in the end of age
Thrown into the fiery furnace with rage

In that place of weeping and gnashing of teeth
Only the good shall rise and the bad shall cease
So let us all strive to be the good in life
And find our place in heaven, free from strife.

This passage is the conclusion of a series of parables that Jesus told to his disciples and followers about the kingdom of heaven. After telling them several parables, Jesus asks them if they have understood what he has said, and they reply in the affirmative. Jesus then compares a scribe trained for the kingdom of heaven to a master of a house who brings out both new and old treasures from his storehouse.

The passage has several layers of meaning and significance. On the surface, Jesus is emphasizing the importance of understanding the teachings of the kingdom of heaven. He asks his disciples if they have understood the parables he has told them, and their answer suggests that they have. This underscores the idea that understanding the teachings of the kingdom is essential for those who wish to follow Jesus.

The comparison of a scribe trained for the kingdom of heaven to a master of a house who brings out both new and old treasures from his storehouse is a bit more complex. The image of a storehouse filled with treasures suggests that the scribe is someone who has been trained to understand and appreciate the full scope of the kingdom's teachings. They are able to draw from both old and new teachings to bring forth the fullness of the kingdom's message.

Spiritually, the passage highlights the importance of understanding and appreciating the fullness of the kingdom's teachings. It suggests that those who have been trained for the kingdom should be able to draw from both the old and new to bring forth the fullness of the kingdom's message. This underscores the idea that the kingdom of heaven is not static but is continually evolving and growing.

Theologically, the passage emphasizes the importance of being trained for the kingdom of heaven. It suggests that understanding the teachings of the kingdom is not something that comes naturally but requires training and study. The passage also underscores the idea that the kingdom's teachings are not just for the present but have a rich history and legacy.

Practically, the passage challenges us to be intentional about our study and understanding of the kingdom's teachings. It calls us to be diligent in our study of both the old and new teachings to fully appreciate the richness of the kingdom's message. It also reminds us that understanding the teachings of the kingdom is an ongoing process that requires continual growth and development.

In summary, this passage emphasizes the importance of understanding the teachings of the kingdom of heaven and the value of being trained in those teachings. It also highlights the need to draw from both old and new teachings to bring forth the fullness of the kingdom's message. The passage challenges us to be intentional in our study and understanding of the kingdom's teachings and to be open to continual growth and development in our spiritual lives.

51 “Have you understood all these things?” They said to him, “Yes.” 52 And he said to them, “Therefore every scribe who has been trained for the kingdom of heaven is like a master of a house, who brings out of his treasure what is new and what is old.”

Jesus rejected in Nazareth (Matthew 13:53-58)


In Nazareth, Jesus returned to teach,
But the people were astonished, they couldn't believe,
"Where did this man get wisdom and works so mighty?"
They knew him as a carpenter, a man just like they.

They questioned his origins, his mother, his kin,
"James, Joseph, Simon, Judas, and sisters within."
"How could this man possess such wondrous things?"
They were offended by him, they rejected his teachings.

But Jesus knew a prophet is not honored at home,
He couldn't perform many works there, where faith had grown cold.
Yet he continued to preach and share his love,
For those who would listen, from heaven above.

This passage is found in Matthew 13:53-58 and describes Jesus' visit to his hometown of Nazareth. After finishing a series of parables, Jesus returns to Nazareth and teaches in the synagogue. However, his teaching and miraculous works are met with disbelief and offense from the people in his hometown.

The people in Nazareth knew Jesus from his childhood and were familiar with his family. They couldn't understand how someone they knew so well could possess such wisdom and perform mighty works. As a result, they took offense at him and rejected his message.

Jesus responds to their rejection by saying, "A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown and in his own household." He acknowledges that it is difficult for people to accept the message of someone they are familiar with and have preconceived notions about.

The main point of the story is that familiarity can breed contempt and hinder people from accepting the message of the gospel. Even though Jesus was teaching the truth and performing miracles, the people in Nazareth couldn't get past their familiarity with him and rejected his message.

The spiritual and theological lesson of this passage is that it is important to approach the gospel message with an open mind and heart, free from preconceptions and biases. We should be willing to listen to the truth, even if it comes from someone we are familiar with or don't expect to hear it from.

The practical lesson for Christians is to be mindful of our own biases and preconceptions when sharing the gospel message. We should approach others with humility and a willingness to listen, even if they are people we know well. Additionally, we should be patient with those who may be slow to accept the message, recognizing that it can take time for people to overcome their familiarity and embrace the truth.

Jesus Rejected at Nazareth

53 And when Jesus had finished these parables, he went away from there, 54 and coming to his hometown he taught them in their synagogue, so that they were astonished, and said, “Where did this man get this wisdom and these mighty works? 55 Is not this the carpenter's son? Is not his mother called Mary? And are not his brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? 56 And are not all his sisters with us? Where then did this man get all these things?” 57 And they took offense at him. But Jesus said to them, “A prophet is not without honor except in his hometown and in his own household.” 58 And he did not do many mighty works there, because of their unbelief.

Death of John the Baptist (Matthew 14:1-12)

The head of John the Baptist, on a platter presented
A gruesome gift from Herod, the king tormented
For John had spoken out against his sin
And his wife's illicit relationship with his kin

John had been arrested, bound and imprisoned
For his preaching had Herod's conscience risen
He spoke the truth, regardless of the cost
And for that he paid with his life, forever lost

Herod's birthday brought about a dance
By Herodias' daughter, a seductive trance
She pleased the king, and he promised to give
Whatever she desired, as long as he could live

Prompted by her mother's wicked will
She asked for John's head, a request so chill
The king was distressed, but his word he kept
And John's lifeless body in the prison slept

His head was brought on a platter, a gruesome sight
Delivered to the girl, who took it without fright
And gave it to her mother, Herodias, so vile
The prophet's voice silenced, his body in a tomb to lie

John's disciples came and took his body away
To give him a proper burial, and then they did say
To Jesus, the Messiah, the news of his friend's fate
A tragic end for a man who spoke truth, never to abate.



The location of Machaerus can be seen above the eastern bank of the Dead Sea, marked with an arrow. The view of this location from the Israeli seashore is clear. (credit: Győző Vörös )







Members of the Hungarian excavation team, including architects Tamás Dobrosi, Tamás Dósa Papp, and Imre Balázs Arnóczki, along with graphic artist István Őri Kiss, have created a theoretical architectural reconstruction of Machaerus city. The reconstruction has been superimposed on the modern landscape, offering a glimpse into what the city may have looked like in ancient times.





The Hungarian excavation team, comprised of architects Tamás Dobrosi, Tamás Dósa Papp, and Imre Balázs Arnóczki, and graphic artist István Őri Kiss, have produced an illustrative reconstruction of the courtyard at Machaerus. This theoretical architectural rendering provides a visual representation of what the courtyard may have looked like in ancient times.

This passage tells the story of the death of John the Baptist at the hands of Herod Antipas. Herod had arrested John and put him in prison because John had been publicly denouncing Herod's marriage to Herodias, his brother Philip's wife. Although Herod feared John, he ultimately gave in to the demands of Herodias and her daughter and had John beheaded.

The story has several layers of meaning and significance. At one level, it is a reminder of the persecution that the early Christians faced at the hands of the Roman authorities. John's death serves as a foreshadowing of the persecution and martyrdom that many of Jesus' followers would face in the years to come.

On a deeper level, the story is a reminder of the cost of speaking truth to power. John was willing to speak out against Herod's marriage despite the risk to his own safety. His death is a reminder that speaking out against injustice and oppression can come with a heavy cost.

Spiritually, the story underscores the importance of standing up for what is right, even in the face of opposition and persecution. It reminds us that the path of discipleship is not an easy one and may require us to make sacrifices for the sake of the gospel.

Theologically, the story highlights the contrast between the kingdom of God and the kingdom of this world. Herod represents the corrupt and oppressive world system, while John represents the prophetic voice of God's kingdom. The story reminds us that the values and priorities of God's kingdom often run counter to the values and priorities of this world.

Practically, the story challenges us to be willing to speak out against injustice and oppression, even when it is difficult or dangerous to do so. It reminds us that the cost of discipleship can be high, but that standing up for what is right is ultimately worth it.

In summary, the story of John the Baptist's death is a reminder of the cost of speaking truth to power and standing up for what is right. It highlights the contrast between the values of God's kingdom and the values of this world, and challenges us to be willing to make sacrifices for the sake of the gospel.

John the Baptist Beheaded

14 At that time Herod the tetrarch heard the reports about Jesus, 2 and he said to his attendants, “This is John the Baptist; he has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous powers are at work in him.”
3 Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison because of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife, 4 for John had been saying to him: “It is not lawful for you to have her.” 5 Herod wanted to kill John, but he was afraid of the people, because they considered John a prophet.
6 On Herod’s birthday the daughter of Herodias danced for the guests and pleased Herod so much 7 that he promised with an oath to give her whatever she asked. 8 Prompted by her mother, she said, “Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist.” 9 The king was distressed, but because of his oaths and his dinner guests, he ordered that her request be granted 10 and had John beheaded in the prison. 11 His head was brought in on a platter and given to the girl, who carried it to her mother. 12 John’s disciples came and took his body and buried it. Then they went and told Jesus.

Feeding of the five thousand (Matthew 14:13-21)

With compassion in his heart,
Jesus healed and played his part,
Among the crowds who followed him,
Seeking healing and hope within.

As evening fell upon the land,
The disciples urged a different plan,
But Jesus said, "You give them food,"
With only five loaves and two fish, they stood.

But Jesus took what they had to give,
Looked up to heaven, and made it live,
He broke the bread and gave it out,
The crowd was fed, without a doubt.

All ate and were satisfied,
And twelve baskets of food were supplied,
Leftovers from the Lord's great feast,
A miracle to last, a true release.

So let us trust in Jesus' might,
And know that in His holy sight,
He can take the little we have to give,
And multiply it, so all may live.



This passage, found in Matthew 14:13-21, describes one of Jesus' most well-known miracles - the feeding of the five thousand. After hearing about the death of John the Baptist, Jesus withdraws to a solitary place by boat, but the crowds follow him on foot. When he lands and sees the large crowd, he has compassion on them and heals their sick.

As evening approaches, the disciples suggest sending the crowds away so they can find food for themselves. But Jesus tells them to give the people something to eat. The disciples only have five loaves of bread and two fish, but Jesus takes the food, gives thanks to God, and miraculously multiplies it to feed the entire crowd, with twelve baskets of leftovers.

The main point of the story is that Jesus has the power to provide for our needs, even when our resources seem limited or insufficient. The story also emphasizes Jesus' compassion for people and his ability to perform miracles to meet their needs.

The spiritual and theological lesson of this passage is that Jesus is the bread of life who can satisfy our spiritual hunger. Just as he provided physical nourishment for the crowd, he also provides spiritual nourishment for our souls. Jesus' act of feeding the crowd foreshadows his ultimate act of self-sacrifice on the cross, where he gives his own body as the ultimate nourishment for our salvation.

The practical lesson for Christians is that we should trust in Jesus' provision for our physical and spiritual needs. We should also follow Jesus' example of compassion and generosity towards others, seeking to meet their needs with the resources we have been given. Finally, we should not be limited by our own resources or circumstances, but trust in Jesus' power to work miracles in our lives and the lives of others.

Jesus Feeds the Five Thousand

13 When Jesus heard what had happened, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place. Hearing of this, the crowds followed him on foot from the towns. 14 When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick.
15 As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said, “This is a remote place, and it’s already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food.”
16 Jesus replied, “They do not need to go away. You give them something to eat.”
17 “We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish,” they answered.
18 “Bring them here to me,” he said. 19 And he directed the people to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and broke the loaves. Then he gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. 20 They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over. 21 The number of those who ate was about five thousand men, besides women and children.

Jesus walks on water (Matthew 14:22-33)

As evening fell, the crowds were fed,
And Jesus sent his men ahead.
They took a boat across the sea,
While he went up to pray, alone was he.

The boat was tossed by winds and waves,
Far from shore, they were its slaves.
But just before the dawn of day,
Jesus came walking, without delay.

They thought it was a ghost they saw,
And cried out in fear with voices raw.
But Jesus spoke, and they could hear,
His words, “Take courage, do not fear.”

Then Peter asked, with trembling breath,
“Lord, call me to you upon the depths.”
And Jesus said, “Come to me now,”
So Peter stepped out, to learn somehow.

But soon his faith began to fail,
His feet sunk down, like leaden hail.
“Lord, save me!” he cried in fright,
And Jesus took his hand, with might.

“You of little faith,” he then reproached,
“Why did you doubt, and so approach?”
But once they climbed back in the boat,
The wind and waves ceased to emote.

And those aboard, with faith so true,
Recognized Jesus as God’s own son, too.
For only the Son of God could command,
The wind and waves at his own hand.



The story of Jesus walking on the water is one of the most famous and miraculous events in the New Testament. After feeding the 5000, Jesus sends his disciples ahead of him on a boat while he goes up to the mountain to pray. Jesus walks towards the boat in the midst of a storm and the disciples mistake him for a ghost. But Jesus reassures them and Peter even walks on the water towards Jesus, but doubts and starts to sink, calling out to Jesus for help. Jesus saves Peter and then calms the storm.

Exegesis: This story follows the feeding of the 5000, which shows Jesus' power and compassion to provide for the needs of people. Jesus is sending his disciples ahead of him, indicating that he will follow them. This story reveals the divine nature of Jesus, who is able to walk on the water and calm the storm. Jesus' interaction with Peter highlights the importance of faith and trust in him, and the dangers of doubt and fear.

Hermeneutics: The story of Jesus walking on the water reveals the power and divinity of Jesus, who has power over nature and can calm even the most tumultuous storm. It also highlights the importance of faith in Jesus, and the danger of letting doubt and fear overwhelm us. The story encourages us to trust in Jesus even in the midst of life's storms, and to rely on him to save us when we falter.

Main point: The main point of the story is that Jesus is divine and has power over nature, and that we should put our faith and trust in him even in the midst of life's storms. The story also highlights the dangers of doubt and fear, and encourages us to rely on Jesus to save us when we falter.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Jesus is divine and has power over nature. We should put our faith and trust in Jesus even in the midst of life's storms. Doubt and fear can be dangerous and can cause us to falter.
Jesus is always there to save us when we call out to him. Jesus deserves our worship and praise for his power and compassion.

Practical Application: When we face difficulties and storms in life, we should turn to Jesus for help and trust in his power and compassion. We should try to overcome doubt and fear by focusing on our faith and trust in Jesus. We should always call out to Jesus when we need help, and trust that he will be there to save us. Therefore, the spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is that as long as we keep our focus on Jesus, we can do the impossible. However, the moment we take our eyes off of Him and focus on the storms around us, we start to sink. It is essential to remember that Jesus is always there, ready to catch us when we fall, as long as we have faith and call out to Him.

The theological lesson that can be derived from this passage is that Jesus is not only the Son of God but also has divine power over the natural world. By walking on the water, He demonstrates His authority over the wind and the waves. This event shows that Jesus is not just a prophet or a teacher, but He is the Messiah, the Savior who can control the elements and who deserves to be worshiped.

Jesus Walks on the Water

22 Immediately Jesus made the disciples get into the boat and go on ahead of him to the other side, while he dismissed the crowd. 23 After he had dismissed them, he went up on a mountainside by himself to pray. Later that night, he was there alone, 24 and the boat was already a considerable distance from land, buffeted by the waves because the wind was against it.
25 Shortly before dawn Jesus went out to them, walking on the lake. 26 When the disciples saw him walking on the lake, they were terrified. “It’s a ghost,” they said, and cried out in fear.
27 But Jesus immediately said to them: “Take courage! It is I. Don’t be afraid.”
28 “Lord, if it’s you,” Peter replied, “tell me to come to you on the water.”
29 “Come,” he said.
Then Peter got down out of the boat, walked on the water and came toward Jesus. 30 But when he saw the wind, he was afraid and, beginning to sink, cried out, “Lord, save me!”
31 Immediately Jesus reached out his hand and caught him. “You of little faith,” he said, “why did you doubt?”
32 And when they climbed into the boat, the wind died down. 33 Then those who were in the boat worshiped him, saying, “Truly you are the Son of God.”


Jesus heals many in Gennesaret (Matthew 14:34-36)

In Gennesaret, by the shore,
The people recognized Jesus, they implored,
To bring the sick and those in pain,
To be healed by the one who came.

And so they came from all around,
The sick, the lame, the lost, unbound,
They begged to touch his cloak, his hem,
And all who did were healed by Him.

The power of love and healing grace,
Shone bright upon each and every face,
As Jesus touched them with his hand,
And healed them all across the land.

So let us too, with faith and trust,
Reach out to Jesus, we must,
For he can heal us from within,
And make us whole, new life begin.

This passage, found in Matthew 14:34-36, describes how Jesus and his disciples crossed the lake and arrived at Gennesaret. The people recognized Jesus and began bringing the sick from all around the area to him, begging for healing. The people were so desperate that they even asked to touch the edge of Jesus' cloak, and everyone who did so was miraculously healed.

The main point of this story is that Jesus has the power to heal the sick, and his healing ministry was a sign of his divinity and his compassion for those who were suffering. It also shows the people's faith in Jesus' ability to heal and their willingness to go to great lengths to receive healing.

The spiritual and theological lesson of this passage is that Jesus is the ultimate healer who can bring physical and spiritual healing to those who are sick and suffering. Just as the people in Gennesaret had faith in Jesus' ability to heal, we too can have faith in Jesus' power to heal us spiritually and physically. The healing miracles performed by Jesus in the Gospels are a sign of the coming of the kingdom of God and point to the ultimate healing that will be available in the new heavens and earth.

The practical lesson for Christians is that we should seek Jesus for healing when we are sick or suffering, both physically and spiritually. We should have faith in his power to heal us and trust in his compassion and love for us. We should also be willing to bring others to Jesus for healing, as the people in Gennesaret did, and share the good news of his healing power with others. Additionally, we should be grateful and give thanks to God for the healing we receive from Jesus.

Jesus Heals the Sick in Gennesaret

34 They crossed the lake and came to land at Gennesaret, 35 where the people recognized Jesus. So they sent for the sick people in all the surrounding country and brought them to Jesus. 36 They begged him to let the sick at least touch the edge of his cloak; and all who touched it were made well.

Tradition of the elders (Matthew 15:1-20)

The Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus one day,
To question his disciples in a critical way.
"Why do they break tradition?" they asked with disdain,
"For they do not wash their hands before they eat, it's plain."

Jesus replied, "Why do you break God's commandment,
For the sake of your tradition? It's not meant
To nullify the word of God, as you do,
By teaching human precepts as if they're true."

"You honor God with lips, but hearts are far away,
In vain you worship, with doctrines led astray.
Isaiah spoke rightly of you hypocrites,
Your teachings, like your hearts, are counterfeit."

So let us not cling to tradition, but to truth,
And honor God with actions and in our youth.
For human rules and customs may lead us astray,
But God's commandments will guide us on our way.

In this passage, Pharisees and scribes confront Jesus about his disciples' failure to follow the tradition of washing their hands before eating. Jesus responds by accusing them of breaking God's commandment by prioritizing their human traditions over God's Word. He quotes from the Scriptures to show how their traditions nullify the Word of God and how they hypocritically honor God with their lips but have hearts far from Him.

Jesus' rebuke highlights a common issue in religious circles, where human traditions and doctrines take precedence over God's Word. The Pharisees and scribes were more concerned about upholding their traditions rather than following God's commandments. In doing so, they placed more value on their human rules and regulations than the commands of God, thus nullifying His Word.

The spiritual and theological lesson to be learned from this passage is that it is essential to prioritize God's Word above human traditions and doctrines. Our focus should be on obeying and following the commands of God rather than the customs and traditions of our culture or religion. We need to be aware of the danger of allowing human traditions to take precedence over God's Word, as it can lead to a distorted view of God and a hypocritical way of life.

Moreover, it is important to note that we cannot just honor God with our lips but must have hearts that are pure and obedient to Him. We need to examine our hearts and ensure that we are not just following religious rituals or traditions but truly living a life that honors God.

Practically, this passage reminds us to focus on God's commands and to be aware of the human traditions and doctrines that can lead us astray. We should seek to honor God with both our lips and our hearts and live in obedience to Him.

The Tradition of the Elders

15 Then Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem and said, 2 “Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands before they eat.” 3 He answered them, “And why do you break the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition? 4 For God said,[a] ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever speaks evil of father or mother must surely die.’ 5 But you say that whoever tells father or mother, ‘Whatever support you might have had from me is given to God,’[b] then that person need not honor the father.[c] 6 So, for the sake of your tradition, you nullify the word[d] of God. 7 You hypocrites! Isaiah prophesied rightly about you when he said:
8 ‘This people honors me with their lips,
    but their hearts are far from me;
9 in vain do they worship me,
    teaching human precepts as doctrines.’ ”

Things That Defile

The things that defile are not what we eat,
But the words we say and the deeds we meet.
For what comes out from deep within,
Reveals the true nature of our sin.

It's not the food that we consume,
But our hearts that need a cleansing soon.
For out of our hearts come wicked thoughts,
That lead to actions that can't be fought.

Evil intentions, murder, adultery,
Sexual immorality, theft, and false testimony,
These are what defile our souls,
And make us unclean, beyond our control.

So let us guard our hearts with care,
And watch the words we choose to share.
For what we say can hurt or heal,
And determine how others may feel.

Let us seek the Lord and His grace,
To purify our hearts and wash our face.
For it's not what we eat or drink or touch,
But our hearts that need His love so much.

This passage from the Gospel of Matthew highlights a discussion between Jesus and his disciples about the importance of inward purity versus outward practices. The Pharisees, who were religious leaders at the time, were focused on following external laws and regulations to maintain ritual purity. Jesus, however, emphasizes that what truly defiles a person is not what they eat or touch, but rather what comes out of their heart.

Jesus explains that the food a person consumes enters the stomach and eventually is expelled from the body. Thus, it has no bearing on a person's spiritual standing. However, the words and actions that flow from a person's heart reveal their true character and can defile them. Jesus then lists various sinful behaviors that stem from a corrupt heart, such as evil intentions, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, and slander.

Peter asks Jesus to explain the parable further, and Jesus emphasizes that true purity comes from within a person's heart, rather than through external practices like hand-washing. He warns against blindly following the teachings of the Pharisees, who are like blind guides leading others astray.

The main point of this story is that true righteousness and purity come from a transformed heart, not just external practices or adherence to laws and regulations. Inward transformation is what truly matters in the eyes of God, and external actions should flow from a heart that is aligned with God's will.

The spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is that our words and actions are a reflection of our inner character. We should strive to cultivate a heart that is pure and aligned with God's will, so that our actions and words will reflect that purity. We should also be wary of blindly following external practices or teachings without examining whether they align with God's will and whether they are truly beneficial for our spiritual growth.

10 Then he called the crowd to him and said to them, “Listen and understand: 11 it is not what goes into the mouth that defiles a person, but it is what comes out of the mouth that defiles.” 12 Then the disciples approached and said to him, “Do you know that the Pharisees took offense when they heard what you said?” 13 He answered, “Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted. 14 Let them alone; they are blind guides of the blind.[e] And if one blind person guides another, both will fall into a pit.” 15 But Peter said to him, “Explain this parable to us.” 16 Then he said, “Are you also still without understanding? 17 Do you not see that whatever goes into the mouth enters the stomach and goes out into the sewer? 18 But what comes out of the mouth proceeds from the heart, and this is what defiles. 19 For out of the heart come evil intentions, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, slander. 20 These are what defile a person, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile.”

Healing of a Canaanite woman's daughter (Matthew 15:21-28)

A Canaanite woman from Tyre
Came to Jesus with great desire
Her daughter was possessed, suffering in pain
She cried out to him, but he didn't explain

The disciples urged him to send her away
But she knelt before him and began to pray
"Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me!
My daughter needs you, please set her free."

Jesus replied, "I was sent to Israel alone,
To the lost sheep, not to you unknown."
But the woman's faith was strong and true,
She begged for help, what else could she do?

Jesus said, "It's not right to give the children's bread
To the dogs who beg and are left unfed."
But the woman replied, "Even dogs eat crumbs,
From their master's table, when he comes."

With these words, Jesus was amazed,
He saw the woman's faith had blazed.
"Your request is granted," he said with a smile,
And her daughter was healed, free from all trial.

In this passage, Jesus encounters a Canaanite woman who comes to Him seeking healing for her demon-possessed daughter. At first, Jesus does not respond to her, and His disciples urge Him to send her away. When Jesus finally speaks to her, He tells her that He was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel, and refers to her and her people as "dogs." Despite this seemingly harsh response, the woman persists in her plea for help, demonstrating great faith. Jesus commends her for her faith and heals her daughter.

One possible interpretation of this passage is that it demonstrates Jesus' ministry extending beyond the Jewish community to include Gentiles as well. While Jesus initially states that He was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel, He ultimately grants the Canaanite woman's request, indicating a broader scope to His mission.

Another key aspect of this passage is the woman's faith, which is highlighted by Jesus Himself. She persists in her plea for help despite apparent rejection, and her response to Jesus' reference to her as a "dog" is a demonstration of her deep trust in His power to heal. Her faith serves as an example to others of what it means to truly trust in Jesus.

From a theological perspective, this passage emphasizes the inclusive nature of Jesus' ministry, which is not limited by social or cultural barriers. It also demonstrates the power of faith, which can move mountains and bring healing even in the face of seeming rejection.

Practically speaking, this passage can serve as a reminder to Christians to maintain faith in times of adversity and to trust in the power of Jesus to provide healing and restoration. It can also serve as a call to extend compassion and care to those who may be marginalized or excluded by society, following Jesus' example of inclusive love.

The Faith of a Canaanite Woman

21 Leaving that place, Jesus withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon. 22 A Canaanite woman from that vicinity came to him, crying out, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me! My daughter is demon-possessed and suffering terribly.”
23 Jesus did not answer a word. So his disciples came to him and urged him, “Send her away, for she keeps crying out after us.”
24 He answered, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel.”
25 The woman came and knelt before him. “Lord, help me!” she said.
26 He replied, “It is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”
27 “Yes it is, Lord,” she said. “Even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their master’s table.”
28 Then Jesus said to her, “Woman, you have great faith! Your request is granted.” And her daughter was healed at that moment.

Healing of many people (Matthew 15:29-31)

On a hill by the Sea of Galilee,
Jesus sat and looked upon the crowd.
People brought the sick, the blind, the lame,
And those who couldn't speak out loud.

He laid His hands on every one,
And healed them with His power divine.
The people were amazed and awed,
And praised the God of Israel in line.

Then, hungry and tired, the crowd remained,
But with only seven loaves and a few small fish.
Jesus blessed the food and it was multiplied,
Feeding four thousand people, an amazing dish.

The people were satisfied and full,
And praised the God of Israel once more.
For Jesus had shown His love and compassion,
And His power and mercy they adore.

This passage from the Gospel of Matthew (15:29-31) describes a scene where Jesus heals many people who were brought to him by a vast crowd. This event takes place after Jesus had been teaching and performing miracles in various regions, and he had become well-known for his ability to heal the sick and disabled.

Exegesis/Hermeneutics: The passage emphasizes the great healing power of Jesus as he heals many who were brought to him by the crowd. Jesus shows compassion for the sick and disabled and provides physical healing, which leads the people to praise the God of Israel.

Main Point: The main point of this story is to show Jesus' ability to heal those who are sick and disabled. It also emphasizes the compassion of Jesus and his desire to help those in need.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson: This passage highlights the divine nature of Jesus as a healer and emphasizes the importance of faith in his healing power. It also shows the connection between physical healing and spiritual healing, as the people who were healed praised God.

Practical Lesson: This passage teaches us about the importance of helping those who are sick or disabled and shows us the compassion and love that Jesus had for those in need. It also reminds us of the importance of faith and prayer in times of illness and suffering.

Jesus Heals Many People

29 Jesus returned to the Sea of Galilee and climbed a hill and sat down. 30 A vast crowd brought to him people who were lame, blind, crippled, those who couldn’t speak, and many others. They laid them before Jesus, and he healed them all. 31 The crowd was amazed! Those who hadn’t been able to speak were talking, the crippled were made well, the lame were walking, and the blind could see again! And they praised the God of Israel.

Feeding of the four thousand (Matthew 15:32-39)

The crowds had followed Jesus for three days,
With nothing to eat and no other ways,
But to rely on His compassion and grace,
To feed their hunger in this barren place.

Jesus saw their need and had pity on them,
He didn't want them to faint on their way home.
The disciples, though, were filled with doubt,
Wondering how they could feed such a crowd.

But Jesus asked them what they had in store,
And they produced seven loaves and some fish, no more.
He took them, gave thanks, and broke them apart,
And distributed them to the crowd with a generous heart.

All who ate were filled, and there were leftovers too,
Seven baskets full of bread and fish, brand new.
Four thousand men, and more with women and children,
All had been fed, thanks to Jesus' compassion.

Afterwards, Jesus left for the region of Magadan,
Leaving the crowds behind, who praised Him for His plan.
This miracle of feeding showed His power and love,
And taught the disciples to trust in Him above.

In this passage, we see Jesus displaying his compassion for the people who have been following him for three days and are hungry. He wants to feed them so that they do not faint on the way. The disciples are skeptical about how they will be able to feed the large crowd with just seven loaves and a few small fish. However, Jesus takes the food, blesses it, and miraculously multiplies it so that all the people are fed, and there are even seven baskets of leftovers.

This story emphasizes Jesus' power and authority as the Son of God, who can perform miracles that defy human understanding. It also highlights his compassion for the people, who are hungry and in need, and his willingness to provide for them. The story is also significant because it is the second time that Jesus feeds a large crowd, showing that he has the power to provide for his people abundantly.

Spiritually and theologically, this passage teaches us about the abundance of God's provision and how he cares for his people. We see that just as Jesus miraculously multiplied the bread and fish to feed the people, God can provide for our needs in unexpected ways. We should trust in his provision and have faith that he will provide for us even when we cannot see how it is possible.

Practically, this story encourages us to be compassionate towards others and to help those in need. We see that Jesus was moved by the people's hunger and was willing to take action to provide for them. As followers of Christ, we should also be willing to show compassion towards those in need and take practical steps to help them. This story also reminds us of the importance of being thankful for God's provision and of not wasting any of the resources that he gives us.

Feeding the Four Thousand

32 Then Jesus called his disciples to him and said, “I have compassion for the crowd because they have been with me now for three days and have nothing to eat, and I do not want to send them away hungry, for they might faint on the way.” 33 The disciples said to him, “Where are we to get enough bread in the desert to feed so great a crowd?” 34 Jesus asked them, “How many loaves have you?” They said, “Seven, and a few small fish.” 35 Then ordering the crowd to sit down on the ground, 36 he took the seven loaves and the fish, and after giving thanks he broke them and gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the crowds. 37 And all of them ate and were filled, and they took up the broken pieces left over, seven baskets full. 38 Those who had eaten were four thousand men, besides women and children. 39 After sending away the crowds, he got into the boat and went to the region of Magadan.[a]

Sign of Jonah and leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees (Matthew 16:1-12)

The Pharisees and Sadducees sought
To test Him and put Him to the test,
To show them a sign from heaven wrought,
A proof of His power at its best.

But Jesus replied with a rebuke,
"You know how to read the weather,
But you cannot see the signs and look
For the coming of the Messiah together."

A wicked and adulterous generation
Seeks after a sign for their own sake,
But the only sign of revelation
Is the prophet Jonah's fate.

With that, He left them in their disbelief,
Knowing that they would not believe,
Their hearts too hardened, beyond relief,
To accept what He came to achieve.

The Pharisees and Sadducees Seek a Sign

The Leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees,
Jesus warned His disciples of it with ease.
Beware, He said, of their false doctrine,
It will corrupt you like yeast in dough's action.
The disciples, in their confusion,
Thought He spoke of their lack of bread's provision.

But Jesus rebuked them for their lack of faith,
And reminded them of the miracles He had made.
Five loaves and two fish fed five thousand men,
And seven loaves fed four thousand, then
Baskets of leftovers they gathered in,

Yet they still failed to understand His message within.
The leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees,
Is not in bread, but in their false beliefs.
Their hypocrisy and legalism will infect,

And lead you astray from the truth you expect.
So heed His warning, and be on guard,
Against the leaven of the religiously flawed.
For Jesus came to bring a different way,
Of love, grace, and mercy, every day.

In this passage, the Pharisees and Sadducees come to Jesus, asking for a sign from heaven to prove His authority. Jesus rebukes them for their hypocrisy, telling them that they know how to interpret weather patterns, but they cannot recognize the signs of the times. He calls them a wicked and adulterous generation and tells them that the only sign they will receive is the sign of the prophet Jonah. Jesus then departs from them.

This passage highlights the theme of faith and the proper response to signs and wonders. The Pharisees and Sadducees are seeking a sign to prove Jesus' authority, but Jesus refuses to provide them with one. He tells them that their request for a sign is evidence of their lack of faith and their desire for proof before they will believe. Jesus reminds them that the sign of Jonah, the prophet who was swallowed by a fish and then emerged three days later, is the only sign they will receive.

Spiritually and theologically, this passage emphasizes the importance of faith in Jesus Christ. Those who seek signs and wonders before they will believe are displaying a lack of faith. Believers are called to trust in Jesus without requiring proof or miraculous signs. Practically, this passage reminds us to examine our hearts and motives. Are we seeking proof before we will believe, or are we trusting in Jesus by faith? We should strive to have a faith that is not dependent on signs or wonders, but on a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.

16 Then the Pharisees and Sadducees came, and testing Him asked that He would show them a sign from heaven. 2 He answered and said to them, “When it is evening you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red’; 3 and in the morning, ‘It will be foul weather today, for the sky is red and threatening.’ [a]Hypocrites! You know how to discern the face of the sky, but you cannot discern the signs of the times. 4 A wicked and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign shall be given to it except the sign of [b]the prophet Jonah.” And He left them and departed.

The Leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees

In bread they thought, their minds were caught,
As they journeyed on their way,
But Jesus warned of something more,
A leaven that could lead astray.

The Pharisees and Sadducees,
Who sought for signs, but did not see,
Their doctrines were corrupt and false,
A poison spreading endlessly.

But still the disciples did not grasp,
The message that their Master gave,
Until he spoke of bread and loaves,
And how the multitude he did save.

Then they understood at last,
That it was not about the bread,
But of the teachings they'd been taught,
And how their faith could be misled.

So let us learn from this account,
To heed the warnings of our Lord,
And not be blinded by our doubts,
But seek the truth in every word.

In this passage, Jesus warns his disciples to beware of the "leaven" or the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees. The disciples misunderstand Jesus' warning and think he is talking about bread, to which Jesus rebukes them for their lack of faith and understanding. Jesus reminds them of the miracles he performed when he multiplied bread for the crowds, and then finally clarifies that he was warning them about the teaching of the religious leaders.

Exegesis/Hermeneutics: Jesus used the metaphor of "leaven" to describe the teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees. Leaven is a substance that is added to dough to make it rise. It represents the influence and spread of something within a group or community. In this case, Jesus was warning his disciples of the dangerous influence of the religious leaders' teachings on the people. The disciples misunderstood Jesus' warning and thought he was talking about bread. Their lack of faith and understanding is evident in their response to Jesus. However, Jesus patiently reminds them of the miracles he had performed when he multiplied bread for the crowds. This was a reminder to the disciples that they should have faith in Jesus, even when they don't understand everything he says.

The main point of the story is that we should be careful about the teachings we follow. The teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees were dangerous because they focused on legalism and adherence to the law rather than on the love of God and caring for others. Jesus warns his disciples to be cautious of this kind of teaching and instead follow his teachings, which are based on love and compassion.

Spiritual/Theological Lesson: As followers of Christ, we should be careful about the teachings we follow. There are many false teachings in the world, and it is easy to be led astray. We should always measure the teachings we hear against the teachings of Christ and the Bible. Jesus warns us to be cautious of teachings that are legalistic and focused on adherence to the law rather than on love and compassion. We should instead follow Jesus' example and teachings, which are rooted in love and care for others.

Practical Lesson: We should be mindful of the teachings we accept and follow. It is easy to be swayed by charismatic leaders or persuasive arguments, but we should always measure what we hear against the teachings of Christ and the Bible. We should also be patient and have faith in Jesus, even when we don't understand everything he says. Finally, we should always prioritize love and care for others, as this is the foundation of Jesus' teachings.

5 Now when His disciples had come to the other side, they had forgotten to take bread. 6 Then Jesus said to them, “Take heed and beware of the [c]leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.”
7 And they reasoned among themselves, saying, “It is because we have taken no bread.”
8 But Jesus, being aware of it, said to them, “O you of little faith, why do you reason among yourselves because you [d]have brought no bread? 9 Do you not yet understand, or remember the five loaves of the five thousand and how many baskets you took up? 10 Nor the seven loaves of the four thousand and how many large baskets you took up? 11 How is it you do not understand that I did not speak to you concerning bread?—but to beware of the [e]leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” 12 Then they understood that He did not tell them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the [f]doctrine of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

Peter's confession and Jesus' prediction of his death (Matthew 16:13-28)

In Caesarea Philippi, Jesus asked His friends,
Who do people say the Son of Man attends?
Some say John the Baptist, others Elijah or a prophet,
But what about you, who do you say I am, who do you credit?

Simon Peter replied, "You are the Messiah, Son of the living God."
Jesus praised him, saying this knowledge didn't come from mere men, but from God.
He called him blessed, son of Jonah, and declared,
On this rock, He'll build His church, and its foundation will be unimpaired.

The gates of Hades shall not overcome it,
And the keys to the kingdom of heaven, He'll permit,
To Peter, granting authority to bind or loose,
Whatever on earth will be bound or loosed in heaven's truth.

He then ordered the disciples to keep His identity concealed,
The Messiah they have found, but the time wasn't right for it to be revealed.
So they left, continuing their journey and spreading His message,
That the Son of God was among them, to offer salvation and true pilgrimage.

Peter’s Confession of the Messiah

In Caesarea Philippi, by the rocks,
Jesus asked His disciples, "Who do men say I am?"
"John the Baptist, Elijah, or a prophet," they said,
But then Jesus asked them, "Who do you claim I am?"

Simon Peter, in a moment of divine inspiration,
Confessed, "You are the Messiah, the Son of God."
Jesus blessed him for this revelation,
And said on this rock, His church would be built.

The gates of Hades, shall not overcome,
The church founded on the faith of Peter,
To him, Jesus promised the keys to the kingdom,
What he binds on earth, will be bound in heaven.

Jesus commanded His disciples to keep silence,
For the time of His full revelation was not yet.
And so they kept the secret in compliance,
Awaiting the hour when He would be manifest.

In this passage, Jesus and His disciples are in the region of Caesarea Philippi, and Jesus asks His disciples who people say the Son of Man is. The disciples provide various answers, indicating that people have different opinions about Jesus' identity. Jesus then asks the disciples who they believe He is, and Peter declares that He is the Messiah, the Son of the living God.

Jesus responds by blessing Peter and acknowledging that his understanding of Jesus' identity is a result of divine revelation. Jesus then goes on to declare that He will build His church on this rock, referring to Peter's confession of faith, and that the gates of Hades will not be able to overpower it. Jesus also gives Peter the keys of the kingdom of heaven and the authority to bind and loose on earth.

The main point of this story is the revelation of Jesus' true identity as the Messiah, and the establishment of His church on earth with Peter as a foundational figure. It highlights the importance of having a clear understanding of who Jesus is, and the divine revelation that is needed to fully comprehend His identity. It also emphasizes the authority and power given to the church through Jesus, and the significance of Peter's role in its establishment.

From a spiritual perspective, this passage teaches that the foundation of the church is built on the belief that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God. It emphasizes the importance of having a personal relationship with Jesus and understanding His true identity. The passage also highlights the power and authority given to the church through Jesus and the role of church leaders in guiding and directing its members.

From a theological perspective, this passage emphasizes the divine revelation that is needed to understand Jesus' true identity and the establishment of the church as a result of this revelation. It highlights the significance of Peter's confession of faith and his role in the establishment of the church. The passage also underscores the authority given to the church through Jesus and the importance of the church in the salvation of believers.

From a practical perspective, this passage teaches the importance of having a clear understanding of who Jesus is and the role of the church in guiding believers. It also highlights the need for divine revelation in understanding spiritual truths and the importance of faith in establishing a personal relationship with Jesus. Finally, it emphasizes the power and authority given to the church through Jesus and the role of church leaders in guiding and directing its members.

13 When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi,[a] he asked his disciples, “Who do people say that the Son of Man is?”[b]
14 They replied, “Some say John the Baptist; others, Elijah; still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”
15 “But you,” he asked them, “who do you say that I am?”
16 Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”
17 Jesus responded, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah,[c] because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but my Father in heaven. 18 And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overpower it. 19 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will have been bound[d] in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will have been loosed[e] in heaven.” 20 Then he gave the disciples orders to tell no one that he was[f] the Messiah.

His Death and Resurrection Predicted

From then on, Jesus knew his fate
He had to go to Jerusalem and face
The elders, chief priests, and scribes
Suffering many things before he dies

But Peter, he could not believe
He took Jesus aside to relieve
His doubts and fears, he did protest
"This cannot happen, it's not best"

But Jesus knew what had to be done
He turned to Peter, and said, "You're not the one
To think of God's concerns, but only of man's
Get behind me, Satan, and understand"

For Jesus knew his path was true
And though it brought him pain anew
He had a mission to fulfill
To save us all, and do God's will.

This passage from Matthew 16:21-23 begins with Jesus explaining to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem, suffer, be killed, and then rise again on the third day. Peter, one of his disciples, takes him aside and rebukes him, saying that this will never happen to him. Jesus responds by rebuking Peter and saying, "Get behind me, Satan! You are a hindrance to me because you’re not thinking about God’s concerns but human concerns."

This passage reveals a few important things. Firstly, it shows Jesus' prophetic knowledge of his impending death and resurrection. Secondly, it shows the disciples' lack of understanding and acceptance of this fate. Lastly, it reveals Peter's tendency to prioritize human concerns over God's concerns.

Jesus' rebuke of Peter may seem harsh, but it highlights the importance of focusing on God's will and not our own desires or human concerns. Peter's response is a reminder that even those closest to Jesus can struggle with understanding and accepting God's plan. It is a call for us to examine our own priorities and to align them with God's will, even when it may be difficult or uncomfortable.

The theological lesson from this passage is the importance of trusting in God's plan, even when we don't fully understand it. It reminds us that our human concerns may sometimes conflict with God's will, and that we must strive to align ourselves with His purpose.

The practical lesson that can be learned from this passage is to be open to the guidance of the Holy Spirit, and to prioritize God's concerns over our own desires and concerns. It is a reminder to trust in God's plan and to follow His lead, even when it may not be what we expect or want.

21 From then on Jesus began to point out to his disciples that it was necessary for him to go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elders, chief priests, and scribes, be killed, and be raised the third day. 22 Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him, “Oh no,[g] Lord! This will never happen to you!”
23 Jesus turned and told Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a hindrance to me because you’re not thinking about God’s concerns[h] but human concerns.”

Take Up Your Cross

If you would follow after me,
Take up your cross and come with me.
Deny yourself, and lose your life,
For in my love, you'll find new life.

For what is gained in worldly wealth,
If it costs your soul and health?
What is the price that you would pay,
To give your life, and find the way?

The Son of Man will come in glory,
And judge each one, and tell their story.
Be ready then, and do what's right,
For you will reap what you've sown in sight.

So take up your cross, and follow me,
And in my love, you will be free.
For in your weakness, I am strong,
And in your faith, you will belong.

In this passage, Jesus is teaching His disciples about what it means to follow Him. He tells them that anyone who wants to follow Him must deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow Him. Jesus is essentially saying that following Him requires a complete abandonment of self and a willingness to suffer for His sake.

Jesus goes on to explain that those who try to save their lives will ultimately lose them, but those who are willing to lose their lives for His sake will find true life. He uses the analogy of gaining the whole world but losing one's life, asking what good it would do someone to have everything in the world but lose their own soul.

Jesus then explains that the Son of Man will come with His angels in the glory of His Father and will reward each person according to their deeds. He concludes by saying that there are some among the disciples who will not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.

The main point of this story is that following Jesus requires complete surrender and a willingness to suffer for His sake. Jesus is calling His disciples to abandon their own desires and take up their cross, which is a symbol of suffering and sacrifice. He emphasizes the importance of putting one's faith in Him above all else and being willing to lose everything in order to gain true life.

From a spiritual perspective, this passage teaches that true life and fulfillment can only be found in Jesus. It emphasizes the importance of putting Him first in all things and being willing to suffer for His sake. The passage also highlights the reality of judgment and the importance of living a life that is pleasing to God.

From a theological perspective, this passage underscores the central message of the gospel, which is that salvation comes through faith in Jesus alone. It emphasizes the need for complete surrender and the willingness to suffer for His sake. The passage also highlights the reality of judgment and the importance of living a life that reflects one's faith in Christ.

From a practical perspective, this passage teaches that following Jesus requires sacrifice and a willingness to endure hardship. It also emphasizes the importance of living a life that is pleasing to God and the reality of judgment. The passage challenges believers to examine their own lives and determine if they are truly willing to follow Jesus at any cost.

24 Then Jesus said to his disciples, “If anyone wants to follow after me, let him deny himself, take up his cross, and follow me. 25 For whoever wants to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life because of me will find it. 26 For what will it benefit someone if he gains the whole world yet loses his life? Or what will anyone give in exchange for his life? 27 For the Son of Man is going to come with his angels in the glory of his Father, and then he will reward each according to what he has done. 28 Truly I tell you, there are some standing here who will not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”

Transfiguration of Jesus (Matthew 17:1-13)

On a mountain high,
Jesus led his chosen three,
Peter, James, and John,
To witness his transfiguration.

There, in radiant light,
He shone like the sun,
And his clothes turned white,
As Moses and Elijah appeared.

Overcome with awe,
Peter offered to build,
Three shelters for them,
But then a voice boomed from the clouds.

"This is my Son,
Whom I love and adore,
Listen to him well,
And fear not, my disciples."

With these words of comfort,
Jesus touched them and said,
"Don't be afraid, rise up,"
And they saw only him in sight.

As they descended the mountain,
Jesus warned them with care,
"Not to share what they saw,
Till the Son of Man is raised from the dead."

Puzzled, the disciples asked,
"Why does Elijah not come first?"
Jesus said Elijah has come,
But they had not recognized him.

In the same way, he said,
He would suffer at their hands,
And then the disciples understood,
That he was speaking of John the Baptist.

Thus, they witnessed the glory of Christ,
And his divinity was revealed,
A moment of transcendence,
On the mountaintop they kneeled.



Mount Tabor is a mountain located in the Lower Galilee region of northern Israel. It is a significant site in Christianity as it is believed to be the place where Jesus Christ's transfiguration took place, as described in the New Testament.



The precise location of the Mount of Transfiguration is not mentioned in the Bible, but Mount Tabor has been widely accepted as the traditional site of the event. In the 4th century, Christian pilgrims began visiting the site and by the 6th century, a church had been built on the summit to commemorate the transfiguration.







Today, the Church of the Transfiguration stands on the summit of Mount Tabor. It is a prominent landmark and a popular destination for pilgrims and tourists. The church has been rebuilt several times over the centuries, but it retains elements of the original Byzantine-era structure. The church is adorned with stunning mosaics and frescoes depicting scenes from the Bible, including the Transfiguration.

The Transfiguration is a significant event in the Gospel narrative, recorded in Matthew 17:1-13, Mark 9:2-13, and Luke 9:28-36. This event happened after Jesus revealed to His disciples that He would suffer, be rejected, and be killed, but rise again on the third day. In this passage, Jesus takes Peter, James, and John up a high mountain and is transfigured before them. This event reveals Jesus' divine nature and confirms that He is the Son of God.

The transfiguration of Jesus Christ is a divine revelation of His glory, which is a manifestation of the nature of God. The disciples saw Jesus' glory as His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as light. The transfiguration also confirmed Jesus' identity as the Son of God when God the Father spoke from heaven, declaring, "This is my Son, whom I love; with him, I am well pleased. Listen to him!"

The presence of Moses and Elijah in the transfiguration is significant. Moses represents the law, and Elijah represents the prophets, and their appearance with Jesus signifies the fulfillment of the law and the prophets in Jesus Christ. Peter's offer to build three tabernacles for Jesus, Moses, and Elijah shows his desire to honor them equally, but God the Father's voice from the cloud makes it clear that Jesus is the preeminent one to be honored and listened to.

The transfiguration has several theological implications. Firstly, it is a confirmation of Jesus' divine nature and confirms His identity as the Son of God. Secondly, it shows that the law and the prophets find their fulfillment in Jesus Christ. Finally, it reveals the Trinity, with God the Father speaking from heaven, Jesus Christ being transfigured, and the Holy Spirit represented by the bright cloud.

The practical lesson that can be learned from the transfiguration is that we should listen to Jesus, the preeminent one, and obey Him. We must prioritize Jesus above anyone or anything else and give Him the honor He deserves. Also, the transfiguration is a reminder that God's plan and timing may not always align with our desires and expectations. Still, we should trust in His sovereignty and continue to follow Jesus faithfully.

In conclusion, the transfiguration of Jesus is a significant event that confirms Jesus' identity as the Son of God, reveals the fulfillment of the law and the prophets in Jesus, and shows the Trinity. It also reminds us to listen to Jesus, prioritize Him above everything else, and trust in God's plan and timing.

The Transfiguration

17 After six days Jesus took with him Peter, James and John the brother of James, and led them up a high mountain by themselves. 2 There he was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and his clothes became as white as the light. 3 Just then there appeared before them Moses and Elijah, talking with Jesus.
4 Peter said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you wish, I will put up three shelters—one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.”
5 While he was still speaking, a bright cloud covered them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased. Listen to him!”
6 When the disciples heard this, they fell facedown to the ground, terrified. 7 But Jesus came and touched them. “Get up,” he said. “Don’t be afraid.” 8 When they looked up, they saw no one except Jesus.
9 As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus instructed them, “Don’t tell anyone what you have seen, until the Son of Man has been raised from the dead.”
10 The disciples asked him, “Why then do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come first?”
11 Jesus replied, “To be sure, Elijah comes and will restore all things. 12 But I tell you, Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him everything they wished. In the same way the Son of Man is going to suffer at their hands.” 13 Then the disciples understood that he was talking to them about John the Baptist.

Healing of a demon-possessed boy (Matthew 17:14-21)

A father knelt before the Lord,
With tears in his eyes he implored,
"Lord, have mercy on my son,
He suffers greatly, please come."

The boy had seizures, suffered much,
Falling into fire or water as such,
The disciples tried but could not heal,
The father's heart, with worry, did reel.

Jesus looked upon the crowd,
And spoke with voice both strong and loud,
"How long must I stay with you,
In your unbelief and ways askew?"

He beckoned the boy to be brought near,
The demon inside filled the father with fear,
But Jesus rebuked and it fled,
At that moment, the boy was healed.

The disciples came to Him in private,
"Why couldn't we do it, revive it?"
Jesus said, "You have little faith,
With faith like a mustard seed, nothing's too great."

So let us remember this story,
And have faith, in all our glory,
For with belief, we can move mountains,
And do miracles, like living fountains.

In this passage, a man brings his demon-possessed son to Jesus, seeking healing for the boy. The man explains that his son suffers from seizures and often falls into fire or water, indicating the severity of the boy's condition. The man had already brought his son to Jesus' disciples, but they were unable to heal him.

Jesus rebukes the disciples for their lack of faith and heals the boy, demonstrating his power over the demon that had possessed him. The disciples then ask Jesus why they were unable to drive out the demon, and Jesus tells them that it was because of their lack of faith.

The main point of this story is Jesus' power over the forces of darkness and his ability to heal those who are afflicted by them. It also highlights the importance of faith in receiving healing and deliverance from spiritual afflictions.

From a spiritual perspective, this passage teaches us that spiritual battles are real and that there are forces of darkness at work in the world. It also emphasizes the power of Jesus to overcome those forces and the importance of having faith in Him to receive healing and deliverance from spiritual afflictions.

From a theological perspective, this passage underscores Jesus' role as the Savior and Healer of the world, demonstrating his power over the forces of darkness and his ability to heal even the most severe afflictions. It also highlights the importance of faith in receiving healing and deliverance from spiritual afflictions, and the need for believers to rely on Jesus and his power in their lives.

From a practical perspective, this passage teaches us the importance of having faith in Jesus when we face spiritual battles and afflictions. It also reminds us that Jesus has the power to overcome any obstacle we face, and that we can rely on him to heal us and deliver us from our afflictions.

In summary, this passage highlights Jesus' power over the forces of darkness and the importance of faith in receiving healing and deliverance from spiritual afflictions. It emphasizes the need for believers to rely on Jesus and his power in their lives, and reminds us that Jesus has the ability to overcome any obstacle we face.

Jesus Heals a Demon-Possessed Boy

14 When they came to the crowd, a man approached Jesus and knelt before him. 15 “Lord, have mercy on my son,” he said. “He has seizures and is suffering greatly. He often falls into the fire or into the water. 16 I brought him to your disciples, but they could not heal him.”
17 “You unbelieving and perverse generation,” Jesus replied, “how long shall I stay with you? How long shall I put up with you? Bring the boy here to me.” 18 Jesus rebuked the demon, and it came out of the boy, and he was healed at that moment.
19 Then the disciples came to Jesus in private and asked, “Why couldn’t we drive it out?”
20 He replied, “Because you have so little faith. Truly I tell you, if you have faith as small as a mustard seed, you can say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move. Nothing will be impossible for you.” [21] [a]

Jesus predicts his death and resurrection (Matthew 17:22-23)

Jesus spoke to them,
In Galilee, he did say,
That he would be delivered,
Into the hands of men that day.

"They will kill me," he said,
His voice heavy with sorrow,
But on the third day,
I will rise again, on the morrow.

The disciples were filled with grief,
For they loved their Lord so true,
But they did not yet understand,
What he would soon have to do.

For his death was necessary,
To redeem all of mankind,
And his resurrection promised hope,
For eternal life to find.

So let us remember his words,
And the sacrifice he made,
For by his death and resurrection,
Our debt of sin was paid.

Jesus Predicts His Death a Second Time

Jesus spoke to them,
In Galilee, he did say,
That he would be delivered,
Into the hands of men that day.

"They will kill me," he said,
His voice heavy with sorrow,
But on the third day,
I will rise again, on the morrow.

The disciples were filled with grief,
For they loved their Lord so true,
But they did not yet understand,
What he would soon have to do.

For his death was necessary,
To redeem all of mankind,
And his resurrection promised hope,
For eternal life to find.

So let us remember his words,
And the sacrifice he made,
For by his death and resurrection,
Our debt of sin was paid.

In this passage, Jesus speaks to his disciples about his upcoming death and resurrection. He tells them that he will be delivered into the hands of men, killed, and then raised to life on the third day. The disciples are filled with grief upon hearing this news.

The statement of Jesus about his death and resurrection is one of the most important prophecies in the New Testament. It is a reminder of the sacrifice that Jesus would make on the cross and the power of his resurrection. This passage highlights the significance of the resurrection and how it fulfilled the promises of God.

From a hermeneutical perspective, it is important to understand the context of this passage. Jesus had been preaching and teaching throughout the land, performing miracles and gathering disciples. He was known to be a powerful and influential leader, and his followers believed that he was the promised Messiah. However, his prediction of his own death would have been shocking and difficult to accept for the disciples, who had placed all their hope and faith in him.

The main point of this passage is the prediction of Jesus' death and resurrection. It emphasizes the importance of his sacrifice and the significance of his resurrection. It also highlights the reality that following Jesus may involve suffering and persecution, but ultimately leads to eternal life.

Spiritually, this passage teaches us about the nature of God's love for us. It is a reminder that Jesus willingly laid down his life for us, demonstrating the depth of God's love and grace. It also teaches us to trust in God's plan, even when it may be difficult to understand.

Theologically, this passage emphasizes the centrality of the resurrection in Christian faith. Without the resurrection, Christianity would not exist, and our hope of eternal life would be in vain. It also highlights the importance of Christ's sacrifice on the cross, which made our redemption possible.

Practically, this passage challenges us to reflect on our own understanding of suffering and sacrifice. It invites us to consider what it means to follow Jesus, and how we can live in light of his sacrifice and resurrection. It also challenges us to trust in God's plan, even when it may be difficult or painful to do so.

22 When they came together in Galilee, he said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men. 23 They will kill him, and on the third day he will be raised to life.” And the disciples were filled with grief.

Teaching on humility and forgiveness (Matthew 18:1-35)

The disciples once came to Jesus,
Seeking to know who was the greatest.
He called a child and placed them there,
And spoke these words with utmost care:

"Unless you change and become like these,
Pure and humble, on bended knees,
You will never enter the kingdom above,
For only childlike hearts are filled with love."

The lowly position of a child,
Is what makes one truly great and mild,
For in their innocence, they see,
The wonders of the world and all that can be.

And whoever welcomes a child with care,
Welcomes Jesus, the Lord, and He is there,
To bless and guide them on their way,
And lead them to eternal day.

So let us strive to be like children,
Humble, pure, and full of compassion,
And welcome all with open hearts,
As we follow the Lord and do our part.

The Greatest in the Kingdom of Heaven

The disciples came to Jesus,
Asking who was the greatest of all,
In the kingdom of heaven above,
And who would stand the tallest.

Jesus called a little child,
And set him in their midst,
Saying, "Unless you become like children,
The kingdom you will miss."

He said to take a lowly position,
Like this child before their eyes,
For in the kingdom of heaven,
The greatest is the one who humbly tries.

And whoever welcomes a child like this,
In my name, will welcome me,
For the kingdom of heaven belongs,
To those with childlike humility.

So let us strive to be like children,
Full of faith, hope, and love,
And welcome all who come our way,
In the name of Jesus above.

In this passage, the disciples come to Jesus and ask who the greatest is in the kingdom of heaven. Jesus responds by calling a child to him and saying that unless they become like little children, they will never enter the kingdom of heaven. He then emphasizes the importance of taking a lowly position and welcoming children in his name.

This passage has several key points. Firstly, Jesus emphasizes the importance of childlike faith in entering the kingdom of heaven. This does not mean that we need to be childish, but rather we should have a simple and trusting faith like that of a child. Secondly, Jesus emphasizes that true greatness in the kingdom of heaven is found in humility and serving others, not in seeking power and prestige. Finally, Jesus underscores the importance of valuing and welcoming children, who are often overlooked and marginalized in society.

From a spiritual perspective, this passage teaches the importance of having childlike faith in our relationship with God. We should approach God with a simple and trusting heart, not overcomplicating our faith with unnecessary doubts or skepticism. From a theological perspective, this passage emphasizes the importance of humility and service in the kingdom of heaven. Jesus challenges our cultural norms of seeking power and prestige, and instead calls us to value and serve others. Finally, from a practical perspective, this passage challenges us to examine how we value and welcome children in our communities. As followers of Jesus, we are called to show compassion and love to the most vulnerable members of society.

In conclusion, this passage challenges us to rethink our understanding of greatness and to embrace childlike faith and humility in our relationship with God. It also calls us to prioritize the well-being of the marginalized and vulnerable in our communities, including children.

18 At that time the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Who, then, is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?”
2 He called a little child to him, and placed the child among them. 3 And he said: “Truly I tell you, unless you change and become like little children, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven. 4 Therefore, whoever takes the lowly position of this child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 5 And whoever welcomes one such child in my name welcomes me.

Causing to Stumble

The words of the Lord are stern and true,
Cautioning us to be careful what we do,
For those who lead the little ones astray,
Will meet a harsh fate on Judgment Day.

Woe to the world for the things that cause offense,
For stumbling blocks will always make sense,
But woe to the one who sets the trap,
Leading others down a destructive path.

If your hand or foot leads you astray,
Cut it off, don't let it stay,
It's better to enter life maimed or lame,
Than be thrown into the eternal flame.

And if your eye causes you to stray,
Gouge it out, don't let it stay,
It's better to enter life with one eye,
Than to face eternal torment and die.

So let us take heed of the Lord's warning,
And be careful with the little ones, our calling,
For we will face the judgment of our ways,
And on that day, there will be no delays.

6 “If anyone causes one of these little ones—those who believe in me—to stumble, it would be better for them to have a large millstone hung around their neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea. 7 Woe to the world because of the things that cause people to stumble! Such things must come, but woe to the person through whom they come! 8 If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life maimed or crippled than to have two hands or two feet and be thrown into eternal fire. 9 And if your eye causes you to stumble, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into the fire of hell.

The Parable of the Wandering Sheep

Jesus warned his disciples,
To not despise the little ones,
For their angels always see,
The face of the Father, God's own son.

He asked them to consider,
A man who lost one sheep,
Would he not leave the ninety-nine,
To find the one that went off steep?

And when he finds that lost sheep,
He rejoices over that one,
More than over the ninety-nine,
For it was the one that was gone.

In the same way, said Jesus,
The Father in heaven above,
Is not willing that any of these little ones,
Should perish and be lost in love.

So let us love and care for them,
These little ones so dear,
For in doing so we show the love,
That Christ himself came to bear.

This passage comes from the Gospel of Matthew, chapter 18, verses 10-14. It is part of a larger section where Jesus is teaching his disciples about the importance of humility, forgiveness, and love for others in the kingdom of God.

Exegesis: In verse 10, Jesus emphasizes the importance of children and warns against looking down on them. He uses the phrase "little ones" to refer not only to children but also to those who are vulnerable, marginalized, or new to the faith. Jesus assures his followers that the angels of these little ones are always in the presence of God, implying that they are highly valued by God. In verses 12-14, Jesus tells a parable about a shepherd who leaves his flock of ninety-nine sheep to search for one lost sheep. The shepherd's joy upon finding the lost sheep is greater than the joy he had over the ninety-nine who did not wander off. Jesus concludes the parable by saying that God the Father is not willing that any of these little ones should perish.

Hermeneutics: This passage emphasizes the value of every person in God's eyes, especially those who are vulnerable or marginalized. Jesus' teachings on humility, forgiveness, and love for others emphasize the importance of valuing and serving others. The parable of the lost sheep highlights God's relentless pursuit of those who are lost and the joy that comes when they are found.

Main point: The main point of this passage is that every person is valuable to God, and he is willing to go to great lengths to seek and save the lost. Jesus urges his followers to value and care for those who are vulnerable or new to the faith, rather than looking down on them or ignoring their needs.

Spiritual lesson: The spiritual lesson from this passage is that God's love is boundless and reaches out to everyone, no matter how lost or insignificant they may seem. As followers of Jesus, we are called to share in this love by valuing and serving others, especially those who are vulnerable or new to the faith.

Theological lesson: The theological lesson from this passage is that God's love for us is not based on our worthiness or merit but is rooted in his nature as a loving and merciful Father. This love is expressed through Jesus Christ, who came to seek and save the lost and reconcile us to God.

Practical lesson: The practical lesson from this passage is that we should prioritize the needs of those who are vulnerable or new to the faith in our communities. We should be willing to reach out to them, care for them, and share the love of God with them. We should also strive to be humble, forgiving, and loving towards everyone we encounter, recognizing that each person is valuable in God's eyes.

10 “See that you do not despise one of these little ones. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven. [11] [a]
12 “What do you think? If a man owns a hundred sheep, and one of them wanders away, will he not leave the ninety-nine on the hills and go to look for the one that wandered off? 13 And if he finds it, truly I tell you, he is happier about that one sheep than about the ninety-nine that did not wander off. 14 In the same way your Father in heaven is not willing that any of these little ones should perish.

Dealing With Sin in the Church

When your brother or sister goes astray,
Go and speak to them, in a gentle way,
Between just the two of you,
Point out their fault and what they do.

If they listen to you, you have won,
But if they don't, take others along,
Let the testimony of two or three,
Establish the truth, for all to see.

If they still refuse to hear,
Tell it to the church, make it clear,
And if they still refuse to repent,
Treat them as a pagan or a gent.

Truly I tell you, whatever you bind,
On earth, it will be bound in heaven, aligned,
And whatever you loose on earth,
Will be loosed in heaven, with great worth.

Again, truly I tell you, if two agree,
On anything they ask, it will be,
Done for them by my Father in heaven,
For where two or three gather, I am present, even.

This passage is taken from the Gospel of Matthew chapter 18, verses 15-20. It contains Jesus' teachings on how to deal with sin in the Christian community. Here's a commentary on the passage:

Exegesis: Jesus begins by addressing a hypothetical situation where a brother or sister in the community sins. He instructs the offended party to go and speak to the sinner privately, hoping to reconcile the relationship. If this fails, he advises bringing along one or two other witnesses as evidence. If the sinner still refuses to repent, then the matter is to be brought before the entire congregation. Finally, if the person continues in their sin and refuses to listen to the community, they are to be excommunicated and treated as an outsider. Jesus then speaks about the power of binding and loosing. This language would have been familiar to Jewish listeners, as it was often used by rabbis to talk about making decisions on matters of religious law. Here, Jesus gives his disciples the authority to make decisions about sin and forgiveness in the community. Whatever they bind on earth (declare to be forbidden) will be bound in heaven, and whatever they loose on earth (declare to be permitted) will be loosed in heaven. Lastly, Jesus speaks about the power of agreement in prayer. If two or three people come together and agree on something to ask God for, it will be granted. He emphasizes the importance of gathering together in his name, promising that he will be present among them.

Hermeneutics: This passage is primarily concerned with how Christians are to handle sin in the community. It emphasizes the importance of reconciliation and forgiveness, even when confronting difficult situations. Jesus' instructions on how to approach the sinner privately and then with witnesses demonstrate the importance of community involvement in correcting sin. It also shows that excommunication should only be a last resort after all attempts at reconciliation have failed. The power of binding and loosing given to the disciples shows that Christians have the responsibility and authority to make decisions about sin and forgiveness within their own community. However, this power is not absolute but must be exercised with wisdom and discernment. The promise that God will grant the requests of two or three people who agree in prayer shows the importance of community prayer and the power that comes from being united in faith.

Main point: Jesus teaches his disciples about how to handle sin in the Christian community, emphasizing the importance of reconciliation and forgiveness, community involvement, and exercising the authority given to them with wisdom and discernment. He also highlights the importance of gathering together in his name and the power of united prayer.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons:
Spiritual lesson: Sin damages relationships, but reconciliation and forgiveness can heal them. We should seek to reconcile with those who have wronged us and be willing to forgive those who have wronged us.

Theological lesson: Christians have the responsibility and authority to make decisions about sin and forgiveness within their own community. However, this power is not absolute but must be exercised with wisdom and discernment.

Practical lesson: When dealing with sin in the community, we should first seek to reconcile privately, involve others if necessary, and only resort to excommunication as a last resort. We should also prioritize gathering together in prayer and seek to be united in faith.

15 “If your brother or sister[b] sins,[c] go and point out their fault, just between the two of you. If they listen to you, you have won them over. 16 But if they will not listen, take one or two others along, so that ‘every matter may be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.’[d] 17 If they still refuse to listen, tell it to the church; and if they refuse to listen even to the church, treat them as you would a pagan or a tax collector.
18 “Truly I tell you, whatever you bind on earth will be[e] bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be[f] loosed in heaven.
19 “Again, truly I tell you that if two of you on earth agree about anything they ask for, it will be done for them by my Father in heaven. 20 For where two or three gather in my name, there am I with them.”

The Parable of the Unmerciful Servant

Forgive, forgive, and forgive again,
Not just seven, but seventy-seven,
Let go of the hurt, release the pain,
And open up the gates of heaven.

The king forgave his servant's debt,
A debt too great to ever pay,
But that same servant could not forget,
And his fellow servant had to pay.

How could he forget the grace he received,
The mercy shown to him by his king?
He should have been moved, he should have believed,
That forgiveness is a beautiful thing.

But he chose to hold on to his anger and spite,
To choke his fellow servant for a debt so small,
And now he'll be punished with all his might,
Until he forgives and lets go of it all.

This story is a warning to us all,
To never forget the grace we've received,
To forgive and love, and stand tall,
And to live the life that we believe.

In this passage, Peter asks Jesus how many times he should forgive his brother or sister who sins against him, suggesting the generous number of seven times. However, Jesus responds with the instruction that forgiveness should not be limited to a specific number of times, but rather should be given generously and abundantly, symbolized by the phrase "seventy-seven times" or "seventy times seven" depending on the translation. To further illustrate his point, Jesus tells a parable about a king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants. One servant owed the king an exorbitant amount of money, ten thousand bags of gold, which he was unable to repay. The king, moved with compassion, forgave the servant's debt and released him. However, that same servant then encountered a fellow servant who owed him a much smaller amount, a hundred silver coins. Instead of showing the same mercy he had received, the servant refused to forgive his fellow servant and had him thrown into prison until he could repay the debt. When the king found out about this, he was furious and handed the unforgiving servant over to be tortured until he could pay back his original debt.

Exegesis: The main point of this parable is to emphasize the importance of forgiveness and the generosity of God's forgiveness. The king in the parable represents God, who forgives the massive debt of the servant, symbolizing the forgiveness that God offers to humanity. The servant, on the other hand, represents humanity, who is in debt to God due to sin and in need of God's forgiveness. The unforgiving servant's actions highlight the hypocrisy and lack of gratitude for the forgiveness he received, as he fails to extend the same forgiveness to his fellow servant.

Hermeneutics: This passage emphasizes the limitless nature of forgiveness that Christians are called to practice. The phrase "seventy-seven times" or "seventy times seven" is not meant to be taken literally, but rather signifies boundless forgiveness. It is a call to imitate God's abundant and unconditional forgiveness towards others, regardless of the magnitude or frequency of offenses. The parable also serves as a warning that failing to forgive others may result in losing the forgiveness and mercy of God.

Outline:  Introduction (Matthew 18:21) Peter asks Jesus about the number of times to forgive a brother or sister who sins against him.
II. Jesus' Response (Matthew 18:22) Jesus instructs Peter to forgive not just seven times, but seventy-seven times, signifying boundless forgiveness.
III. Parable of the Unforgiving Servant (Matthew 18:23-35)

The king (representing God) wants to settle accounts with his servant.
The servant owes an enormous debt (representing humanity's debt of sin to God) and begs for forgiveness.
The king forgives the servant's debt and releases him.
The servant encounters a fellow servant who owes him a smaller debt and refuses to forgive him, having him thrown into prison.
The king finds out and condemns the unforgiving servant, revoking his forgiveness and handing him over to be tortured.
IV. Jesus' Conclusion (Matthew 18:35)

Jesus concludes the parable by stating that this is how God will treat those who do not forgive from the heart.

Main Point: The main point of this parable is to highlight the importance of forgiveness in the kingdom of heaven. Jesus is teaching that forgiveness should be extended generously and without limit, just as God's forgiveness is offered to us without limit. The unforgiving servant in the parable represents those who have received God's forgiveness but are unwilling to extend forgiveness to others. The king in the parable represents God, who forgives us of our sins and cancels our debts through his mercy and grace.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: God's forgiveness is boundless: The parable illustrates the magnitude of God's forgiveness towards humanity. The enormous debt owed by the servant represents the sins we owe to God, which we are unable to repay. Yet, God's grace and mercy are limitless, and He forgives us freely when we repent and seek His forgiveness.

Forgiveness is a commandment: Jesus' response to Peter's question about forgiveness makes it clear that forgiveness is not an option but a commandment in the kingdom of heaven. As believers, we are called to forgive others as we have been forgiven by God. It is not based on the number of times someone sins against us, but it should be extended without limit, just as God's forgiveness is extended to us.

Unforgiveness has consequences: The parable also emphasizes the serious consequences of unforgiveness. The unforgiving servant's unwillingness to forgive his fellow servant results in him losing the forgiveness he had received from the king and facing severe punishment. This serves as a warning that harboring unforgiveness in our hearts can separate us from God's forgiveness and lead to spiritual and emotional bondage.

Practical Application: Forgive others as God has forgiven you: The passage challenges believers to examine their hearts and attitudes towards forgiveness. It reminds us to be gracious and merciful towards others, extending forgiveness generously and without keeping count of the offenses. We should imitate God's forgiveness towards us and be willing to forgive others, no matter how many times they may offend us.

21 Then Peter came to Jesus and asked, “Lord, how many times shall I forgive my brother or sister who sins against me? Up to seven times?”
22 Jesus answered, “I tell you, not seven times, but seventy-seven times.[g]
23 “Therefore, the kingdom of heaven is like a king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants. 24 As he began the settlement, a man who owed him ten thousand bags of gold[h] was brought to him. 25 Since he was not able to pay, the master ordered that he and his wife and his children and all that he had be sold to repay the debt.
26 “At this the servant fell on his knees before him. ‘Be patient with me,’ he begged, ‘and I will pay back everything.’ 27 The servant’s master took pity on him, canceled the debt and let him go.
28 “But when that servant went out, he found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred silver coins.[i] He grabbed him and began to choke him. ‘Pay back what you owe me!’ he demanded.
29 “His fellow servant fell to his knees and begged him, ‘Be patient with me, and I will pay it back.’
30 “But he refused. Instead, he went off and had the man thrown into prison until he could pay the debt. 31 When the other servants saw what had happened, they were outraged and went and told their master everything that had happened.
32 “Then the master called the servant in. ‘You wicked servant,’ he said, ‘I canceled all that debt of yours because you begged me to. 33 Shouldn’t you have had mercy on your fellow servant just as I had on you?’ 34 In anger his master handed him over to the jailers to be tortured, until he should pay back all he owed.
35 “This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart.”

Parable of the unforgiving servant (Matthew 18:21-35)


The parable of the unmerciful servant,
Tells of a man with a debt so fervent,
Ten thousand bags of gold he owed,
To his master, who was not easily slowed.

He begged for patience, and mercy was shown,
The debt was cancelled, and he was left alone,
But when he found a servant who owed him less,
He showed no mercy, only harshness.

He demanded payment, and when it wasn't met,
The servant was thrown into prison, a debt unpaid debt,
But when the master heard of this deed,
He punished the servant for his greed.

The debt was reinstated, and the servant suffered,
For he had not shown mercy, only offered,
The same kindness he had received,
He had not given, and therefore he was deceived.

We too, must learn from this tale,
And show mercy when others fail,
Forgiveness should not be limited,
And our hearts should not be inhibited.

For if we do not forgive from our heart,
We too will suffer, our own debt we'll impart,
Let us be like the master, forgiving and kind,
For only then will true peace we'll find.

This passage comes from the Gospel of Matthew, chapter 18, verses 21-35. It is a parable that Jesus tells in response to Peter's question about how many times he should forgive someone who sins against him.

Exegesis: In this parable, a king wants to settle accounts with his servants. One of the servants owes him ten thousand bags of gold, which is an enormous amount of money. Since the servant cannot repay the debt, the king orders that he and his family be sold to repay the debt. The servant begs for mercy, and the king has compassion on him and cancels the debt. However, the same servant then goes and finds a fellow servant who owes him a much smaller debt and refuses to forgive him. The king hears about this and punishes the unmerciful servant.

Hermeneutics: This passage emphasizes the importance of forgiveness and the consequences of unforgiveness. Jesus' teaching on forgiveness underscores the importance of compassion and mercy in the kingdom of God. The parable also highlights the need to recognize the enormity of our own debt of sin and the mercy that God has shown us.

Main point: The main point of this passage is that forgiveness is essential in the kingdom of God. Jesus teaches that we should forgive others just as we have been forgiven by God. He warns that unforgiveness can lead to punishment and separation from God.

Spiritual lesson: The spiritual lesson from this passage is that forgiveness is a central part of our relationship with God and with others. We are called to extend the same mercy and grace that we have received from God to those who have wronged us. This requires humility, compassion, and a recognition of our own need for forgiveness.

Theological lesson: The theological lesson from this passage is that our forgiveness and salvation come from God's mercy and grace alone, not from our own efforts or merit. Just as the king canceled the servant's debt, so God cancels our debt of sin through Jesus Christ. This should lead us to a deeper appreciation of God's love and a desire to extend that love to others.

Practical lesson: The practical lesson from this passage is that forgiveness is a difficult but necessary choice. We should strive to forgive others even when it is painful or difficult. We should also be aware of the ways in which we have been forgiven and extend that same forgiveness to others. This requires a willingness to let go of our own pride and to seek reconciliation with those who have wronged us.

The Parable of the Unmerciful Servant

21 Then Peter came to Jesus and asked, “Lord, how many times shall I forgive my brother or sister who sins against me? Up to seven times?”
22 Jesus answered, “I tell you, not seven times, but seventy-seven times.[a]
23 “Therefore, the kingdom of heaven is like a king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants. 24 As he began the settlement, a man who owed him ten thousand bags of gold[b] was brought to him. 25 Since he was not able to pay, the master ordered that he and his wife and his children and all that he had be sold to repay the debt.
26 “At this the servant fell on his knees before him. ‘Be patient with me,’ he begged, ‘and I will pay back everything.’ 27 The servant’s master took pity on him, canceled the debt and let him go.
28 “But when that servant went out, he found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred silver coins.[c] He grabbed him and began to choke him. ‘Pay back what you owe me!’ he demanded.
29 “His fellow servant fell to his knees and begged him, ‘Be patient with me, and I will pay it back.’
30 “But he refused. Instead, he went off and had the man thrown into prison until he could pay the debt. 31 When the other servants saw what had happened, they were outraged and went and told their master everything that had happened.
32 “Then the master called the servant in. ‘You wicked servant,’ he said, ‘I canceled all that debt of yours because you begged me to. 33 Shouldn’t you have had mercy on your fellow servant just as I had on you?’ 34 In anger his master handed him over to the jailers to be tortured, until he should pay back all he owed.
35 “This is how my heavenly Father will treat each of you unless you forgive your brother or sister from your heart.”

Divorce

(Matthew 19:1-12)

A man and a woman, united as one,
Bound by love and the will of the Son.
But the Pharisees came to test and to try,
Asking if divorce was lawful and why.

Jesus replied with words of truth,
Quoting the words of the Creator of youth.
He made them male and female, he said,
And what God has joined, let no man shred.

The Pharisees asked why Moses allowed,
Divorce and sending a wife to the crowd.
Jesus replied that their hearts were hard,
But it was not like this from the very start.

Those who divorce and remarry commit adultery,
Except for sexual immorality, said he.
The disciples were startled by this new view,
Saying it's better not to marry, it's true.

But Jesus replied that not all could accept,
The word of truth, though it's kept.
Some choose to live for the kingdom of heaven,
As eunuchs, for love's sake given.


Divorce is not a light or easy thing,
But let love and the will of God sing.
For marriage is a sacred bond,
Between man and woman, until beyond.

In this passage, we see the Pharisees attempting to test Jesus by asking whether it was lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason. Jesus responds by pointing out that in the beginning, God created male and female, and that the two would become one flesh in marriage. He states that what God has joined together, no one should separate.

The Pharisees then ask why Moses allowed divorce, and Jesus explains that it was due to the hardness of their hearts, but it was not the way things were meant to be from the beginning. Jesus goes on to say that anyone who divorces their spouse and marries another person commits adultery, except in cases of sexual immorality.

The disciples express their shock at this statement, saying that it would be better not to marry if divorce was not allowed. Jesus responds that not everyone can accept this teaching, but those who can should.

Exegesis: The main point of this passage is that God intended marriage to be a permanent and sacred bond between a man and a woman. Divorce was not part of God's original plan, but rather a concession due to the hardness of people's hearts. Jesus affirms that divorce is not acceptable except in cases of sexual immorality, and remarriage after divorce is adultery.

Hermeneutics: The passage highlights the importance of upholding the sanctity of marriage and recognizing that it is God who joins two people together. It also emphasizes the gravity of divorce and remarriage and the need for forgiveness and reconciliation in marriages that are struggling.

Theological and Spiritual Lessons: The passage highlights the importance of taking marriage seriously and committing to building a strong and lasting relationship with one's spouse. It also emphasizes the need for forgiveness and reconciliation in troubled marriages, rather than simply giving up and seeking divorce.

Practical Application: Christians should strive to uphold the sanctity of marriage by taking seriously their commitment to their spouses and seeking to work through any challenges that arise. If a marriage is struggling, Christians should seek counseling and support rather than immediately considering divorce. The passage also highlights the need for forgiveness and reconciliation in all areas of life, not just in marriages.

Divorce (Matthew 19:1-12)

1 When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. 2 Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there.
3 Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?”
4 “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’ 5 and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? 6 So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
7 “Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?”
8 Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. 9 I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
10 The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry.”
11 Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. 12 For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”





Jesus blesses little children (Matthew 19:13-15)

Little children came to Him,
To be blessed and to pray,
But the disciples rebuked them,
Trying to turn them away.

But Jesus said, "Let them come,
Do not forbid them, I implore,
For the kingdom of heaven,
Belongs to such as these, and more."

He laid His hands on each child,
Blessing them with love and grace,
Showing us how to welcome,
All with an open embrace.

So let us learn from Jesus,
To love and bless the little ones,
For they are precious in God's eyes,
And in His kingdom, they have won.



This passage is taken from the Gospel of Matthew chapter 19, verses 13-15. It recounts the story of Jesus blessing little children who were brought to him. Here's a commentary on the passage:

Exegesis: The scene opens with little children being brought to Jesus so that he might pray for them and lay his hands on them. However, the disciples rebuked the children, perhaps thinking that they were not important enough to be brought before Jesus. Jesus, on the other hand, welcomed the children and rebuked the disciples, telling them to allow the children to come to him, for the kingdom of heaven belongs to such as these. He then blessed the children and departed from there.

Hermeneutics: This passage highlights the value that Jesus placed on children and the importance of welcoming them into the kingdom of heaven. It also serves as a rebuke to the disciples who did not recognize the significance of the children and their need for Jesus' blessing.

Main point: Jesus welcomes and values children and desires for them to be included in his kingdom. His disciples should also recognize the value of children and welcome them into the community of faith.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: Spiritual lesson: We should follow Jesus' example in valuing and welcoming children. Like Jesus, we should be willing to lay our hands on them, pray for them, and bless them.

Theological lesson: Children are an important part of the kingdom of God, and their faith is not to be underestimated. They have a place in the community of faith and should be included in our worship and teaching.

Practical lesson: We should strive to create a welcoming and inclusive environment for children in our churches and communities. We can do this by providing age-appropriate teaching, involving them in worship and ministry, and recognizing their value and contributions to the community. We should also be willing to lay our hands on them, pray for them, and bless them.

Jesus Blesses Little Children

13 Then little children were brought to Him that He might put His hands on them and pray, but the disciples rebuked them. 14 But Jesus said, “Let the little children come to Me, and do not forbid them; for of such is the kingdom of heaven.” 15 And He laid His hands on them and departed from there.

The rich young ruler (Matthew 19:16-30)

The rich man came to Jesus, seeking eternal life
He asked what good thing he must do, to escape mortal strife
Jesus said to keep the commandments, and listed them with care
The man said he had kept them all, but still he felt despair

Jesus then said to be perfect, the man must give away
All his possessions to the poor, and follow him each day
The man left sad, for he had wealth, and could not let it go
Jesus then told his disciples, how hard it is to know

That riches make it difficult, to enter God's kingdom above
It's easier for a camel, to pass through the eye of a dove
The disciples were astonished, and asked who could be saved
Jesus said with God, all things are possible, and they were saved

Peter asked what they would gain, for leaving all they knew
Jesus said they'd sit on thrones, and judge the tribes of Israel too
Anyone who gives up much, for Jesus' sake will receive
A hundred times as much, and eternal life they'll achieve

But those who are first will be last, and those who are last will be first
So let go of earthly treasures, and put God's kingdom first.

In this passage, a wealthy man comes to Jesus seeking eternal life and asks what good thing he must do to obtain it. Jesus tells him to keep the commandments, but the man insists that he has already done so and asks what more he can do. Jesus then tells him to sell all his possessions, give to the poor, and follow him. The man goes away sad, unable to give up his wealth.

Jesus then tells his disciples that it is difficult for a rich person to enter the kingdom of heaven, as it is easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to enter. The disciples are astonished and wonder who can be saved, but Jesus reminds them that with God, all things are possible. Peter then asks what reward there is for those who have left everything to follow Jesus, and Jesus promises them great rewards in the future.

The main point of this story is that wealth and material possessions can be a barrier to entering the kingdom of heaven. Jesus emphasizes the importance of putting God first and prioritizing spiritual treasures over material ones. The story also highlights the difficulty of giving up one's worldly possessions, but the reward for doing so is great.

Spiritually, the passage teaches that our attachment to material possessions can hinder our relationship with God. We should be willing to let go of anything that is keeping us from following him fully.

Practically, this passage challenges us to examine our own priorities and consider what we might be holding onto that is hindering our spiritual growth. We should be willing to give up anything that is standing in the way of our relationship with God and seek to live a life of generosity and selflessness.

The Rich and the Kingdom of God

16 Just then a man came up to Jesus and asked, “Teacher, what good thing must I do to get eternal life?”
17 “Why do you ask me about what is good?” Jesus replied. “There is only One who is good. If you want to enter life, keep the commandments.”
18 “Which ones?” he inquired.
Jesus replied, “‘You shall not murder, you shall not commit adultery, you shall not steal, you shall not give false testimony, 19 honor your father and mother,’[a] and ‘love your neighbor as yourself.’[b]”
20 “All these I have kept,” the young man said. “What do I still lack?”
21 Jesus answered, “If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”
22 When the young man heard this, he went away sad, because he had great wealth.
23 Then Jesus said to his disciples, “Truly I tell you, it is hard for someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of heaven. 24 Again I tell you, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of God.”
25 When the disciples heard this, they were greatly astonished and asked, “Who then can be saved?”
26 Jesus looked at them and said, “With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”
27 Peter answered him, “We have left everything to follow you! What then will there be for us?”
28 Jesus said to them, “Truly I tell you, at the renewal of all things, when the Son of Man sits on his glorious throne, you who have followed me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. 29 And everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or wife[c] or children or fields for my sake will receive a hundred times as much and will inherit eternal life. 30 But many who are first will be last, and many who are last will be first.

Parable of the workers in the vineyard (Matthew 20:1-16)

In the vineyard of the Lord,
Workers came at different hours,
Some in the morning, some at noon,
And others came when day was almost done.

The landowner paid them equally,
A denarius for a day's work,
But those who came first were displeased,
For they thought they deserved more.

They grumbled and complained,
Saying, "Why should they receive the same?
We toiled all day in the heat,
While they worked only for an hour."

But the landowner said to them,
"I am not unfair to you, my friends,
Did you not agree to work for a denarius?
Why then do you begrudge my generosity?"

For in the vineyard of the Lord,
All are welcomed to labor and serve,
And each is given their just reward,
Not based on how much they deserve.

So let us not be envious,
Of those who join us on our journey,
For in the kingdom of heaven,
The last will be first, and the first will be last.


Archaeologists in Israel have discovered a 1,600-year-old wine press within a 4th century Byzantine structure. The discovery proves that agriculture in arid areas was a common practice centuries ago. The discovery was made at excavations at the Ramat Negev region, where a team of Israel Antiquities Authority were exploring a site with a large Byzantine-era structure.2



Vineyards: The parable of the laborers in the vineyard in Matthew 20:1-16 takes place in a vineyard. The presence of vineyards in first-century Palestine is well-attested in the archaeological record. Vineyards were a major source of income for many landowners in the region, and wine was an important commodity for both Jewish and Roman consumers.


Laura Geggel (2017): Archaeologists found a 2,000-year-old Roman road during a routine survey of a construction site in modern-day Israel. The road is wide — about 20 feet (6 meters) from edge to edge — and roughly 1 mile (1.5 kilometers) long. The stone-paved road is near Israel's Highway 375, and runs near the Israel National Trail. 3

The Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard is a well-known story told by Jesus in Matthew 20:1-16. This parable illustrates the kingdom of heaven and how God's grace and mercy are extended to all, regardless of the time of their arrival to the faith.

In the story, a landowner went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard. He agreed to pay them a denarius for the day's work and sent them into the vineyard. Later in the day, the landowner hired more workers, and he continued to do so throughout the day, even hiring some workers an hour before the end of the day.

At the end of the day, the landowner paid all the workers the same wage, regardless of the time they started working. The workers who had been hired first grumbled about the unfairness of receiving the same wage as those who had only worked for an hour. The landowner responded by reminding them that they had agreed to the wage and that he had the right to be generous with his money.

The main point of the story is that the kingdom of heaven is available to all, regardless of their background, history, or the time of their arrival to the faith. God's grace is extended to everyone who believes in Jesus Christ, no matter how much or how little they have done for the kingdom.

Spiritually, the story teaches us that salvation is not based on our works or merit, but solely on the grace of God. We cannot earn our way into heaven through our deeds or accomplishments, but only by placing our faith in Jesus Christ.

Theologically, the story shows us that God's grace is available to all, regardless of their past or present circumstances. God's grace is not limited to a select few but is available to all who believe in Him.

Practically, the story encourages us to extend the same grace and mercy to others that God has extended to us. We should not judge others based on their past or current circumstances but should show them the same love and grace that God has shown us.

In summary, the Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard teaches us that the kingdom of heaven is available to all who believe in Jesus Christ, regardless of their background or the time of their arrival to the faith. It is a reminder that our salvation is based solely on the grace of God and encourages us to extend that same grace and mercy to others.

The Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard

20 “For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard. 2 He agreed to pay them a denarius[a] for the day and sent them into his vineyard.
3 “About nine in the morning he went out and saw others standing in the marketplace doing nothing. 4 He told them, ‘You also go and work in my vineyard, and I will pay you whatever is right.’ 5 So they went.
“He went out again about noon and about three in the afternoon and did the same thing. 6 About five in the afternoon he went out and found still others standing around. He asked them, ‘Why have you been standing here all day long doing nothing?’
7 “‘Because no one has hired us,’ they answered.
“He said to them, ‘You also go and work in my vineyard.’
8 “When evening came, the owner of the vineyard said to his foreman, ‘Call the workers and pay them their wages, beginning with the last ones hired and going on to the first.’
9 “The workers who were hired about five in the afternoon came and each received a denarius. 10 So when those came who were hired first, they expected to receive more. But each one of them also received a denarius. 11 When they received it, they began to grumble against the landowner. 12 ‘These who were hired last worked only one hour,’ they said, ‘and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden of the work and the heat of the day.’
13 “But he answered one of them, ‘I am not being unfair to you, friend. Didn’t you agree to work for a denarius? 14 Take your pay and go. I want to give the one who was hired last the same as I gave you. 15 Don’t I have the right to do what I want with my own money? Or are you envious because I am generous?’
16 “So the last will be first, and the first will be last.”

Jesus predicts his death and resurrection a third time (Matthew 20:17-19)

As they walked towards Jerusalem's gates,
Jesus took his disciples aside,
And spoke of his impending fate,
How he would be condemned and died.

The Son of Man, he said, would be
Betrayed and handed over to priests,
Who would mock and whip and crucify,
But in three days, he would arise.

His followers listened, but did not understand,
What kind of king would die so meek?
But Jesus knew his Father's plan,
And the salvation it would bring to the meek.

So he walked on, with purpose and grace,
Toward the cross that awaited him there,
And though his disciples could not embrace,
His suffering and sacrifice, they would soon share.


In this passage, Jesus is once again predicting his death and resurrection to his disciples as they are on their way to Jerusalem. He takes the twelve disciples aside and tells them that he will be handed over to the high priests and scribes, who will condemn him to death. He also mentions that he will be mocked, whipped, and crucified by unbelievers, but he will rise again on the third day.

Exegesis: This passage is a continuation of Jesus' previous predictions of his death and resurrection, as recorded in the Gospels. It highlights Jesus' clear understanding of his impending suffering and death, and his willingness to go to Jerusalem despite knowing the fate that awaited him. Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man," a title he often used to refer to his Messianic identity.

Hermeneutics: In interpreting this passage, it is important to understand the context in which Jesus made these predictions. He was on his way to Jerusalem, knowing that he would face opposition from the religious authorities and eventually be crucified. Jesus' predictions of his death and resurrection were meant to prepare his disciples for the events that would unfold, and to reaffirm his identity as the Messiah who would fulfill the prophecies of the Old Testament.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is Jesus' prediction of his imminent death and resurrection. He foretells the events that would happen to him in Jerusalem, including his betrayal, condemnation, crucifixion, and resurrection on the third day. Jesus is showing his disciples that he is fully aware of what lies ahead, and he is willingly walking towards his sacrificial death, as part of God's plan for the salvation of humanity.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Jesus' willingness to sacrifice for humanity: The passage highlights Jesus' selfless sacrifice and willingness to go to the cross for the sake of humanity's redemption. Despite knowing the pain and suffering that awaited him in Jerusalem, Jesus obediently followed God's plan and willingly laid down his life for us. It demonstrates his deep love and compassion for humanity and serves as a powerful example of sacrificial love.

God's sovereignty and fulfillment of prophecy: Jesus' predictions of his death and resurrection also point to God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. Jesus' death and resurrection were not random events, but part of God's plan of salvation for humanity, foretold by the prophets in the Old Testament. It reinforces the truth that God is in control of history and fulfills his promises in his perfect timing.

Importance of understanding and accepting Jesus' sacrifice: Jesus' predictions of his death and resurrection serve as a reminder of the central message of Christianity, which is the redemptive work of Jesus on the cross. It emphasizes the need for believers to understand and accept Jesus' sacrifice for their sins, and to place their faith in him as the risen Savior. It also challenges us to live in light of his sacrifice, by following his example of selflessness and obedience.

Practical Application: Embrace the sacrifice of Jesus: The passage reminds us of the incredible sacrifice Jesus made for our salvation. It calls us to fully embrace and accept Jesus' sacrifice on the cross, recognizing the depth of his love and the significance of his resurrection in our lives. Walk in obedience to God's plan: Jesus' willingness to go to the cross despite knowing the suffering that awaited him serves as an example for us to walk in obedience to God's plan for our lives, even when it may involve difficulties and challenges. It encourages us to trust in God's sovereignty and follow his leading, knowing that he is in control. Share the message of the cross: Jesus' predictions of his death and resurrection also highlight the importance

Jesus Predicts His Death and Resurrection a Third Time

17 When Jesus was going up to Jerusalem, he took the twelve disciples[a] aside and told them as they were walking along, 18 “See, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be handed over to the high priests and scribes, and they will condemn him to death. 19 Then they will hand him over to unbelievers[b] to be mocked, whipped, and crucified, but on the third day he will be raised.”

Request of James and John to sit at Jesus' right and left (Matthew 20:20-28)

The mother of James and John knelt before
The Lord of all and made her plea
“Grant my sons positions of power and more
At Your right and left when You reign as King”

Jesus looked at her with knowing eyes
“You don't know what you're asking for
Can you bear the pain that I'll soon despise?
Can you drink from the cup that I'll soon pour?”

“We can,” James and John confidently replied
But Jesus warned them of the cost
The suffering they'll face on His side
Their reward is not for them to boast

The other disciples were angry and vexed
At the brothers' audacious request
But Jesus taught them what it means to be blessed
To serve others with humility and finesse

The Son of Man came not to be served
But to serve and give His life
For those He loves, He came to preserve
And free them from sin and strife

So let us follow His example each day
And serve others with love and grace
For in humble service, we find the way
To reflect Christ and see His face.


In this passage, the mother of James and John asks Jesus to grant her sons seats at his right and left when he becomes King. Jesus responds by questioning whether they are willing to suffer as he will and reminds them that the Father will determine who receives those places. The other disciples become angry with James and John, but Jesus teaches them that greatness comes through serving others, not through seeking power and authority.

Exegesis: The passage begins with the mother of James and John approaching Jesus with a request for her sons to have places of honor in his kingdom. Jesus responds by questioning their willingness to suffer as he will and reminds them that the Father will determine who receives those places. The other disciples become angry with James and John, but Jesus teaches them that greatness comes through serving others, not through seeking power and authority.

Hermeneutics: This passage teaches that true greatness is achieved through serving others, not through seeking power and authority. It also reminds us that the Father determines who receives honor and places of authority, and that our willingness to suffer for the sake of the Gospel is a mark of true discipleship.

Main Point: The main point of this story is that true greatness is achieved through serving others, not through seeking power and authority. Jesus teaches us that the path to greatness is not found in seeking personal glory, but in serving others and being willing to suffer for the sake of the Gospel.

Spiritual Lesson: The spiritual lesson we can learn from this passage is that true greatness comes from serving others and being willing to suffer for the sake of the Gospel. We should not seek personal glory or power, but instead should focus on serving others and following Jesus' example of sacrificial love.

Theological Lesson: The theological lesson we can learn from this passage is that our willingness to suffer for the sake of the Gospel is a mark of true discipleship. Following Jesus is not always easy, but we are called to take up our cross and follow him, even if it means facing persecution and suffering.

Practical Lesson: The practical lesson we can learn from this passage is that we should prioritize serving others and putting their needs before our own desires for power and authority. We should also be willing to suffer for the sake of the Gospel and follow Jesus' example of sacrificial love.

The Mother of James and John Asks Jesus Something Hard

20 The mother of Zebedee’s children (James and John) came to Jesus with her sons. She got down on her knees before Jesus to ask something of Him. 21 He said to her, “What do you want?” She said, “Say that my two sons may sit, one at Your right side and one at Your left side, when You are King.” 22 Jesus said to her, “You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to take the suffering that I am about to take? (*Are you able to be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?)” They said, “Yes, we are able.” 23 He said to them, “You will suffer as I will suffer. But the places at My right side and at My left side are not Mine to give. Whoever My Father says will have those places.”
24 The other ten followers heard this. They were angry with the two brothers. 25 Jesus called them to Him and said, “You know how the kings of the nations show their power to the people. Important leaders use their power over the people. 26 It must not be that way with you. But whoever wants to be great among you, let him care for you. 27 Whoever wants to be first among you, let him be your servant. 28 For the Son of Man came not to be cared for. He came to care for others. He came to give His life so that many could be bought by His blood and made free from the punishment of sin.”

Healing of two blind men (Matthew 20:29-34)

Two Blind Men Receive Sight

In Jericho, as Jesus passed by,
Two blind men sat beside the road.
They cried out, "Lord, have mercy on us,
Son of David, we have been told."

The crowd rebuked them, "Be silent, please,"
But they cried out all the more,
"Lord, have mercy, Son of David,
Our eyes are blind, we implore."

Stopping in His tracks, Jesus called them near,
"What do you want me to do for you?"
"Lord, let our eyes be opened," they said,
And He touched their eyes, and they could see anew.

Filled with pity, Jesus gave them sight,
And they followed Him from that day,
Amazed and grateful for the miracle,
Their eyes now open to God's way.

In this passage, we see Jesus healing two blind men as he was passing through Jericho. The men cry out to Jesus, addressing him as "Lord" and "Son of David," indicating their recognition of his divine power and Messianic status. Despite being rebuked by the crowd, they persist in their pleas for mercy and are eventually healed by Jesus' compassionate touch.

This story emphasizes several important themes. Firstly, it highlights Jesus' divine power and ability to heal the sick and infirm. Secondly, it highlights the importance of faith and persistence in seeking God's help and mercy. Despite being told to be silent, the blind men continued to cry out to Jesus and were eventually rewarded for their faith and persistence.

Spiritually, this story teaches us to trust in God's power to heal and to persist in our prayers even when faced with discouragement or opposition. It reminds us that God is always listening and always ready to extend his mercy and grace to those who call upon him in faith.

Theologically, this passage reinforces the idea that Jesus is the Son of God and the promised Messiah who came to bring healing and salvation to the world. It also emphasizes the importance of recognizing Jesus' divine authority and placing our faith in him as our Lord and Savior.

Practically, this story reminds us to be compassionate and merciful towards those who are in need, and to never underestimate the power of faith and persistence in seeking God's help and guidance. It encourages us to be bold in our faith and to trust in God's ability to work miracles in our lives and in the lives of those around us.

Jesus Heals Two Blind Men

29 And as they went out of Jericho, a great crowd followed him. 30 And behold, there were two blind men sitting by the roadside, and when they heard that Jesus was passing by, they cried out, “Lord,[a] have mercy on us, Son of David!” 31 The crowd rebuked them, telling them to be silent, but they cried out all the more, “Lord, have mercy on us, Son of David!” 32 And stopping, Jesus called them and said, “What do you want me to do for you?” 33 They said to him, “Lord, let our eyes be opened.” 34 And Jesus in pity touched their eyes, and immediately they recovered their sight and followed him.

Triumphal entry into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:1-11)

The donkey and her colt were brought
As Jesus had foretold
The Lord, the King, on them did mount
As prophets had foretold

The people came and spread their cloaks
And branches on the road
They shouted praise and joyful folks
To honor their King foretold

“Hosanna to the Son of David!” they cried
“Blessed is he who comes in God’s name!”
The crowds rejoiced with hearts open wide
As their promised Messiah came

The city stirred and asked in wonder
“Who is this man we see?”
The crowds proclaimed with joy and thunder
“This is Jesus, the prophet from Galilee!”

As Jesus rode in to claim His throne
The people rejoiced and praised
For their King had come to make them His own
And their hearts with hope were raised.



In this passage, Jesus enters Jerusalem as a king, fulfilling a prophecy from the Old Testament. He sends two disciples ahead to fetch a donkey and her colt, and instructs them to bring them to Him. Jesus quotes from the prophet Zechariah, stating that the king is coming to Jerusalem riding on a donkey and a colt, which symbolizes humility and peace. The disciples obey Jesus' instructions, and Jesus rides into Jerusalem on the donkey and colt while a large crowd spreads their cloaks and branches on the road, shouting praises to Him. The people recognize Jesus as the Son of David and the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.

Exegesis: This passage highlights Jesus' fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy and the recognition of Him as a king. Jesus deliberately arranges the details of His entry into Jerusalem to fulfill the prophecy in Zechariah 9:9, which speaks of a humble king riding on a donkey. By doing so, Jesus is clearly presenting Himself as the long-awaited Messiah, the promised king of Israel. The mention of the crowds spreading their cloaks and branches on the road is significant. In ancient times, this was a sign of honor and homage given to a king or a victorious conqueror. The people's shouts of "Hosanna" and "Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord" are expressions of praise and adoration, acknowledging Jesus as the promised Messiah and King. The crowds recognize Jesus as the Son of David, a title associated with the messianic lineage, and as the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee, indicating that they understood Jesus' identity and mission. The disciples' obedience in fetching the donkey and colt without question also emphasizes the importance of following Jesus' instructions and trusting in His plan. Jesus' deliberate actions and the people's recognition of Him as a king reveal His divine authority and sovereignty.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus intentionally presents Himself as the promised Messiah and King as He enters Jerusalem, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies and receiving recognition from the people.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons:

Fulfillment of Prophecy: Jesus' deliberate actions and fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies highlight His divine authority and the fulfillment of God's plan. It reinforces the belief that Jesus is the promised Messiah who fulfills the prophecies of the Old Testament.

Humility and Servant Leadership: Jesus' choice of riding on a donkey and colt demonstrates humility and servant leadership. As a king, Jesus models a different kind of kingship, one that is characterized by humility, gentleness, and compassion. It serves as a reminder to Christians to emulate Jesus' example of servant leadership in their own lives.

Recognition of Jesus as King: The people's recognition of Jesus as the promised Messiah and King is a reminder of the importance of acknowledging and accepting Jesus' lordship in our lives. It challenges us to submit to His authority, worship Him as the King, and follow Him with faith and obedience.


Practical Application: Humility and Servant Leadership: As followers of Jesus, we are called to imitate His example of humility and servant leadership in our interactions with others. We should strive to serve and honor others, putting their needs above our own, just as Jesus did.

Recognition of Jesus as King: We need to recognize Jesus as the rightful King of our lives and submit to His authority. This involves acknowledging His lordship, seeking His guidance and direction, and aligning our lives with His teachings and commands.

Fulfillment of Prophecy: The fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies in Jesus underscores the reliability and truth of God's promises. It encourages us to trust in God's faithfulness and sovereignty in our lives. We can find comfort and assurance in knowing that God's promises will be fulfilled in His perfect timing and according to His plan, just as Jesus fulfilled the prophecies about the promised Messiah.

Obedience to Jesus' Instructions: The disciples' obedience in carrying out Jesus' instructions without question serves as a reminder for us to obey Jesus' teachings and instructions in our own lives. It challenges us to trust in His wisdom and guidance, even when we may not fully understand His plans or purposes.

Worship and Praise: The response of the crowds, who praised and worshiped Jesus as He entered Jerusalem, reminds us of the importance of worship and adoration in our relationship with God. It is an expression of our reverence, awe, and gratitude towards God, acknowledging His greatness, and giving Him the honor and praise that He deserves.

Recognizing Jesus in our Lives: Just as the people recognized Jesus as the Son of David and the promised Messiah, we need to have a clear understanding of who Jesus is in our own lives. We should strive to know Him intimately through studying His word, seeking a personal relationship with Him through prayer and fellowship, and recognizing His lordship in all areas of our lives.

In conclusion, this passage highlights Jesus' deliberate actions in fulfilling Old Testament prophecies and presenting Himself as the promised Messiah and King. It challenges us to follow Jesus' example of humility, servant leadership, and obedience, and to recognize and worship Him as the rightful King of our lives. It also reminds us of the importance of trusting in God's faithfulness, worshiping Him with reverence and awe, and living a life that is aligned with His teachings and commands.

Jesus Comes to Jerusalem as King

21 As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage on the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent two disciples, 2 saying to them, “Go to the village ahead of you, and at once you will find a donkey tied there, with her colt by her. Untie them and bring them to me. 3 If anyone says anything to you, say that the Lord needs them, and he will send them right away.”
4 This took place to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet:
5 “Say to Daughter Zion,
    ‘See, your king comes to you,
gentle and riding on a donkey,
    and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’”[a]
6 The disciples went and did as Jesus had instructed them. 7 They brought the donkey and the colt and placed their cloaks on them for Jesus to sit on. 8 A very large crowd spread their cloaks on the road, while others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road. 9 The crowds that went ahead of him and those that followed shouted,
“Hosanna[b] to the Son of David!”
“Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!”[c]
“Hosanna[d] in the highest heaven!”
10 When Jesus entered Jerusalem, the whole city was stirred and asked, “Who is this?”
11 The crowds answered, “This is Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.”

The withered fig tree
 (21:18-22)

The fig tree stood, so tall and proud,
But barren, lacking fruit endowed,
Jesus approached, with hunger's call,
To find no figs, no fruit at all.

He spoke aloud, a solemn curse,
"May you never bear fruit, forever worse."
And lo, the fig tree withered fast,
A lesson taught, that's sure to last.

The disciples stood there, in amaze,
"How could this tree, so quickly fade?"
And Jesus said, with firm belief,
"If you have faith, mountains you can heave.

With steadfast faith, and doubtless heart,
All prayers will answer, right from the start.
For nothing's impossible, it's true,
When faith and prayer combine in you."

So let us learn from this story told,
To trust in faith, both young and old.
For mountains move, and trees may wither,
When faith and prayer work together.

This passage tells the story of Jesus cursing a fig tree that had no fruit, causing it to wither immediately, and then using this event to teach his disciples about the power of faith and prayer. While the story itself may seem strange and even harsh to some readers, it contains important lessons about the nature of faith, the power of words, and the importance of bearing fruit in one's life.

Exegesis: In the context of the larger narrative in Matthew's Gospel, this story takes place just after Jesus has entered Jerusalem on what is now known as Palm Sunday. He has just cleared the temple of the moneychangers and is now returning to the city from Bethany. Along the way, he sees a fig tree by the road that appears to be in full leaf, indicating that it should have fruit on it. However, upon closer inspection, he finds that there is no fruit, and he curses the tree, causing it to wither immediately.

The disciples are amazed by what has happened, and Jesus uses this opportunity to teach them about the power of faith and the importance of bearing fruit in one's life. He tells them that if they have faith and do not doubt, they can do even greater things than this, including moving mountains with their words. He also emphasizes the importance of prayer and the connection between faith and receiving what one asks for in prayer.

Hermeneutics: The story of Jesus cursing the fig tree has been interpreted in a variety of ways over the years. Some see it as a harsh and unnecessary act, while others view it as a symbolic gesture that illustrates the consequences of not bearing fruit in one's life. Still, others see it as a powerful demonstration of the power of faith and the importance of aligning one's words and actions with one's beliefs.

Main Point: The main point of this story is that faith and words have power, and that bearing fruit in one's life is an essential component of a vibrant and meaningful spiritual journey. Jesus' cursing of the fig tree serves as a warning to those who appear to be fruitful but do not produce the spiritual fruit of righteousness and obedience to God.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: There are several spiritual, theological, and practical lessons that can be learned from this passage. First and foremost, it reminds us of the power of faith and the importance of aligning our words and actions with our beliefs. It also emphasizes the importance of bearing fruit in our lives and warns against the danger of appearing to be fruitful but lacking in substance. Finally, it reminds us of the importance of prayer and the connection between faith and receiving what we ask for in prayer. Practically speaking, this passage reminds us to examine our lives regularly and make sure that we are living in a way that is pleasing to God and bearing the fruit of righteousness. It also encourages us to deepen our faith and to use our words and actions to make a positive impact on the world around us.

Jesus Curses a Fig Tree  ( Matthew 21:18-22)

Early in the morning, as Jesus was on his way back to the city, he was hungry. 19 Seeing a fig tree by the road, he went up to it but found nothing on it except leaves. Then he said to it, “May you never bear fruit again!” Immediately the tree withered.
20 When the disciples saw this, they were amazed. “How did the fig tree wither so quickly?” they asked.
21 Jesus replied, “Truly I tell you, if you have faith and do not doubt, not only can you do what was done to the fig tree, but also you can say to this mountain, ‘Go, throw yourself into the sea,’ and it will be done. 22 If you believe, you will receive whatever you ask for in prayer.”

By what authority? (Matthew 21:23-27)

Amidst the temple's hallowed halls,
Jesus stood, teaching one and all.
But the priests and elders, filled with ire,
Approached him with a burning desire.

"By what authority do you teach and preach?"
They questioned, hoping to beseech
An answer that would condemn and shame,
And tarnish Jesus' holy name.

But Jesus, wise and full of grace,
Answered not with anger, but with a trace
Of a question that they must consider,
One that would leave them in a quiver.

"Tell me, where did John's baptism come from?
From heaven or from a human's sum?"
The leaders discussed among themselves,
Afraid to answer and incur the realms.

If they said from heaven, they would be caught
For not believing, and their efforts for naught.
But if of human origin, the people's love
For John as a prophet would not move.

"We don't know," they finally replied,
And Jesus, seeing through their pride,
Said, "Neither will I answer thee,
For your hearts are blind, and cannot see.

My authority comes from the One above,
And my mission is to spread His love.
You may question and doubt my ways,
But in the end, it's His name that will blaze."

This passage from Matthew 21:23-27 describes an encounter between Jesus and the religious leaders of his day. Jesus was teaching in the temple courts when the chief priests and elders came to him and questioned his authority to do what he was doing. This was not the first time that Jesus had been challenged about his authority, and it would not be the last. The religious leaders were not necessarily interested in learning more about Jesus, but rather were seeking to discredit him and undermine his influence among the people.

Jesus responded to their question by asking them a question about John the Baptist and the source of his baptism. John had been a popular figure in Israel, and many believed that he was a prophet sent from God. The religious leaders were caught in a dilemma, as they could not say that John's baptism was of human origin, as this would upset the people who believed in him. On the other hand, they could not say that it was from heaven, as this would imply that they should have followed John's teachings, which they had not.

In the end, the religious leaders refused to answer Jesus' question, and he likewise refused to answer theirs. Jesus did not provide a direct answer to their question about his authority, but he indirectly affirmed that his authority came from God, just as John's did.

Hermeneutics: This passage teaches us about the importance of recognizing and submitting to the authority of God. The religious leaders of Jesus' day were more concerned with their own power and influence than with following God's will. They were not willing to acknowledge Jesus' authority, even though it was clear that he had been sent by God.

The passage also highlights the importance of humility and honesty. The religious leaders were not willing to admit that they did not know the answer to Jesus' question, even though they knew that any answer they gave would have negative consequences. Jesus, on the other hand, was willing to admit that he did not know something, and he did not feel the need to defend his authority.

Main point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus' authority comes from God, and that we should be willing to submit to that authority. We should also be humble and honest in our interactions with others, even when it is difficult to do so.

Spiritual/Theological lesson: The spiritual lesson that can be learned from this passage is that we should always be willing to submit to God's authority in our lives. This means being willing to follow his will, even when it is difficult or goes against our own desires. It also means being willing to recognize the authority of others who have been sent by God to lead and guide us.

Practical lesson: The practical lesson that can be learned from this passage is that we should always be humble and honest in our interactions with others. We should not be afraid to admit when we do not know something, and we should not feel the need to defend our own authority or position. Instead, we should be willing to listen to others and seek to understand their perspective, even if we disagree with them.

The Authority of Jesus Questioned

23 Jesus entered the temple courts, and, while he was teaching, the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him. “By what authority are you doing these things?” they asked. “And who gave you this authority?”
24 Jesus replied, “I will also ask you one question. If you answer me, I will tell you by what authority I am doing these things. 25 John’s baptism—where did it come from? Was it from heaven, or of human origin?”
They discussed it among themselves and said, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask, ‘Then why didn’t you believe him?’ 26 But if we say, ‘Of human origin’—we are afraid of the people, for they all hold that John was a prophet.”
27 So they answered Jesus, “We don’t know.”
Then he said, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.

Jesus cleanses the temple (Matthew 21:12-17)

In the temple, Jesus took a stand
Against those who turned it into a marketland
He drove out the sellers and buyers with might
Overturning tables, causing a fright

"My house shall be called a house of prayer,"
He declared, with a voice that was fair
But they had made it a den of robbers
A place of greed, of selfish endeavors

Despite the anger of the chief priests and scribes
Jesus welcomed the blind and the lame with open eyes
He healed them and gave them hope anew
While the children cried, "Hosanna to the Son of David," true

The religious leaders were indignant and said to Him,
"Do you hear what these are saying, with such a din?"
But Jesus replied with wisdom and grace
"Out of the mouth of infants and nursing babies, God has prepared praise."

Then leaving the city, He went to Bethany to rest
For He knew what lay ahead, the ultimate test
But for now, He had cleansed the temple and showed His might
And in doing so, He had set things right.

In this passage, Jesus enters the temple and finds people buying and selling goods. He drives them out, overturns tables, and declares that the temple should be a house of prayer, not a den of robbers. He then heals the blind and the lame who come to Him. The chief priests and scribes become angry at Jesus for the miracles He performs and for the children who praise Him, but Jesus quotes scripture and leaves the city to lodge in Bethany.

The cleansing of the temple is a significant event in the Gospels as it demonstrates Jesus' authority and His zeal for God's house. By driving out the money-changers and merchants, Jesus was restoring the temple to its intended purpose as a place of worship and prayer. His actions were a prophetic sign of the judgment to come upon Israel and the need for repentance and renewal.

The incident also highlights the contrast between the religious leaders, who were more concerned with their own interests and maintaining their power, and Jesus, who came to serve and care for others. Jesus' concern for the blind and the lame, who were often marginalized in society, shows His compassion and love for all people.

Spiritually, this passage reminds us of the importance of maintaining the sanctity of God's house and the need for repentance and renewal in our own lives. We must be mindful of our motives and actions in our worship, making sure that they are pleasing to God and not focused on our own gain or status. We are also called to show compassion and care for those who are marginalized and in need, just as Jesus did for the blind and the lame.

Theologically, the passage emphasizes the authority of Jesus as the Son of God and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah. He is the true temple, the place where God's presence dwells, and through Him, we have access to God's grace and mercy.

Practically, this passage challenges us to examine our own lives and to consider what we may need to cleanse or overturn in order to maintain the sanctity of our relationship with God. We must also be willing to stand up for what is right and just, even if it means going against the status quo or the religious establishment.

Overall, the cleansing of the temple is a powerful reminder of Jesus' authority, His love and compassion for all people, and the importance of maintaining the sanctity of our worship and our lives.

Jesus Cleanses the Temple

12 And Jesus entered the temple[a] and drove out all who sold and bought in the temple, and he overturned the tables of the money-changers and the seats of those who sold pigeons. 13 He said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’ but you make it a den of robbers.”
14 And the blind and the lame came to him in the temple, and he healed them. 15 But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying out in the temple, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” they were indignant, 16 and they said to him, “Do you hear what these are saying?” And Jesus said to them, “Yes; have you never read,
“‘Out of the mouth of infants and nursing babies
    you have prepared praise’?”
17 And leaving them, he went out of the city to Bethany and lodged there.

Parable of the two sons (Matthew 21:28-32)

A father had two sons, and he asked
The first to go and work in the vineyard that day
But he refused, though later he basked
And went to work, without delay

The second son agreed to go
But he did not follow through
He said he would, but it was all for show
And the work remained to do

So, Jesus asked the crowd to see
Which son did what the father desired
They said, “The first,” and Jesus did agree
The one who changed his mind and aspired

Then Jesus spoke a truth so bold
The tax collectors and prostitutes
Were entering the Kingdom, as foretold
Ahead of the religious elites

John had come to show the way
Of righteousness and of grace
But the leaders would not believe or obey
While the sinners found their rightful place

So, let us heed this parable true
And be like the first son who obeyed
For actions speak louder than words we spew
And true repentance must be displayed.

In this parable, Jesus illustrates the difference between two types of responses to God's call for obedience. The first son initially refuses to work but later repents and does his father's will, while the second son initially agrees to work but ultimately disobeys. Through this parable, Jesus teaches that true obedience to God is characterized by a willingness to repent and to follow through with action.

Exegesis: The parable of the Two Sons is found in Matthew 21:28-32. The context of this passage is important as it comes in the middle of a series of confrontations between Jesus and the religious leaders. The chief priests and elders had challenged Jesus' authority, and in response, Jesus tells this parable to expose their hypocrisy. The father in this parable represents God, who calls all people to repent and do his will. The two sons represent two types of people: those who initially reject God's call but eventually repent and obey, and those who profess to obey but ultimately fail to do so. Jesus contrasts the two sons to make a point that even those who were once rebellious and disobedient to God can still turn to Him and do His will. He notes that the tax collectors and the prostitutes, who were regarded as outcasts and sinners in Jewish society, were more likely to repent and enter the kingdom of God than the religious leaders, who thought themselves to be righteous but refused to repent.

Main Point: The main point of this parable is to emphasize the importance of true obedience to God, which involves not only professing to do His will but also following through with action. Jesus is challenging His listeners to examine their own lives and see if they are truly living in obedience to God, or if they are only pretending to do so.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons:
The spiritual lesson of this parable is that God calls everyone to repent and do His will. No matter how rebellious or disobedient one may have been in the past, there is always an opportunity to turn to God and seek forgiveness. The theological lesson of this parable is that true obedience to God involves not just saying the right things, but also doing the right things. We must be willing to follow through with action and make sacrifices in order to do God's will. The practical lesson of this parable is that we should not be too quick to judge others based on their outward appearance or behavior. Instead, we should be willing to look deeper and recognize that anyone can repent and turn to God. We should also examine our own lives and make sure that we are truly living in obedience to God, rather than just going through the motions.

The Parable of the Two Sons

28 “What do you think? There was a man who had two sons. He went to the first and said, ‘Son, go and work today in the vineyard.’
29 “‘I will not,’ he answered, but later he changed his mind and went.
30 “Then the father went to the other son and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I will, sir,’ but he did not go.
31 “Which of the two did what his father wanted?”
“The first,” they answered.
Jesus said to them, “Truly I tell you, the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you. 32 For John came to you to show you the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did. And even after you saw this, you did not repent and believe him.

Parable of the wicked tenants (Matthew 21:33-46)

In a vineyard, the owner sowed
And to some farmers, he bestowed
The care and harvest of his land
While he moved on to another strand

At harvest time, he sent his crew
To collect the fruit that was due
But the tenants, in their greed
Beat, killed, and did a wicked deed

Again, the owner sent his men
But they suffered the same fate again
Lastly, he sent his only son
Thinking they'd respect him, everyone

But the tenants plotted to kill
And take the son's inheritance, their fill
So they threw him out of the vineyard gate
And killed him, sealing their fate

Jesus then asked them, "What will be
The owner's action, you'll agree?"
"He'll bring those wretches to an end
And rent the vineyard to other friends"

Jesus said, "Haven't you read this line?
The rejected stone becomes divine
God's work is marvelous to behold
He'll take the kingdom, and his story will be told"

Anyone who falls on the stone
Will be broken, and he'll be alone
Anyone whom the stone falls upon
Will be crushed, forever gone

The chief priests and Pharisees heard
That Jesus spoke of them with his words
But the people considered him a prophet
And the leaders dared not stop it.

The Parable of the Tenants is a powerful story that Jesus tells to the chief priests and Pharisees. It is one of the several parables in the Gospels that deal with the kingdom of God, and it speaks to the theme of God's judgment on those who reject His messengers and His Son.

In this parable, a landowner plants a vineyard, puts a wall around it, digs a winepress, and builds a watchtower. He then rents the vineyard to some farmers and moves to another place. When harvest time approaches, the landowner sends his servants to collect his fruit, but the tenants beat, kill, and stone them. The landowner sends more servants, but they are also mistreated. Finally, he sends his son, whom the tenants kill, thinking they will inherit the vineyard.

Jesus' audience recognizes the landowner as God, the vineyard as Israel, and the tenants as the religious leaders who were entrusted with the care of God's people. The servants represent the prophets, and the son represents Jesus Christ. The chief priests and Pharisees are condemned for their rejection of Jesus, the Son of God.

Jesus quotes Psalm 118:22-23 to show that the religious leaders have rejected the very cornerstone of God's plan of salvation. He then pronounces judgment on them, saying that the kingdom of God will be taken away from them and given to a people who will produce its fruit.

Main Point: The main point of the Parable of the Tenants is that God will hold accountable those who reject His messengers and His Son. The religious leaders of Jesus' day are condemned for their rejection of Jesus, the Son of God, and their mistreatment of God's messengers, the prophets.

Spiritual and Theological Lesson: The Parable of the Tenants teaches us several important spiritual and theological lessons. First, it reminds us that God is the owner of all things and that we are merely stewards of His resources. Second, it shows us that God expects us to produce fruit for His kingdom, and He will hold us accountable if we fail to do so. Third, it highlights the danger of rejecting God's messengers and His Son, for there is a high cost to pay for such rejection.

Practical Lesson: The practical lesson we can learn from the Parable of the Tenants is that we must recognize the authority of God and His messengers and be obedient to His will. We must be faithful stewards of His resources, using them to produce fruit for His kingdom. We must also be careful not to reject God's messengers and His Son, for there is a high cost to pay for such rejection. We must humble ourselves before God, seek His will, and be obedient to His call.

The Parable of the Tenants

33 “Listen to another parable: There was a landowner who planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a winepress in it and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place. 34 When the harvest time approached, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect his fruit.
35 “The tenants seized his servants; they beat one, killed another, and stoned a third. 36 Then he sent other servants to them, more than the first time, and the tenants treated them the same way. 37 Last of all, he sent his son to them. ‘They will respect my son,’ he said.
38 “But when the tenants saw the son, they said to each other, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him and take his inheritance.’ 39 So they took him and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.
40 “Therefore, when the owner of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those tenants?”
41 “He will bring those wretches to a wretched end,” they replied, “and he will rent the vineyard to other tenants, who will give him his share of the crop at harvest time.”
42 Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the Scriptures:
“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;
the Lord has done this,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’[a]?
43 “Therefore I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit. 44 Anyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces; anyone on whom it falls will be crushed.”[b]
45 When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard Jesus’ parables, they knew he was talking about them. 46 They looked for a way to arrest him, but they were afraid of the crowd because the people held that he was a prophet.

Question about paying taxes to Caesar (Matthew 22:15-22)

Amidst the scheming of the Pharisees,
They asked Jesus with great unease,
"Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?"
They hoped to catch Him in a tangled knot.

But Jesus saw through their deceit,
He knew their hearts and their conceit.
"Why put me to the test, you hypocrites?" He said,
And they brought forth a coin, full of dread.

Whose likeness and inscription was on this piece?
"Caesar's," they said, their hope to increase.
"Render therefore to Caesar the things that are his,"
"And to God the things that are His."

With these words, Jesus showed them the way,
And they marveled at what He did say.
For in one simple phrase, He cut through their plan,
And left them in awe of this great man.

This passage comes from the Gospel of Matthew (22:15-22) and describes an encounter between Jesus and the Pharisees who are trying to trap him with a question about paying taxes to Caesar. The Pharisees were a religious group that sought to uphold Jewish law and customs, and they were often in conflict with Jesus.

Exegesis: The Pharisees, in collusion with the Herodians (supporters of Herod Antipas, who ruled over Galilee and Perea), approached Jesus with a question about paying taxes to Caesar. They were hoping to catch Jesus in a dilemma - if he said that it was lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, he would lose the support of the Jewish people who despised the Romans, but if he said that it was not lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, he could be accused of inciting rebellion against Rome. Jesus recognized their malicious intent and asked them to show him the coin used for the tax. The coin had the image of Caesar and the inscription "Tiberius Caesar, son of the divine Augustus, high priest." By using this coin, the Pharisees and Herodians acknowledged Caesar's authority and the legitimacy of his rule over Judea. Jesus then told them to "render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's." This statement meant that while people had a responsibility to pay their taxes to the governing authorities, they also had a greater responsibility to give their entire selves to God.

Hermeneutics: This passage highlights the tension between the religious and political authorities of the time and Jesus' response to it. Jesus did not directly answer the question about paying taxes to Caesar but instead redirected the focus to a deeper issue of allegiance and devotion to God. He acknowledged the reality of the political situation but also emphasized the importance of spiritual priorities.

Main Point: The main point of this story is that believers have dual citizenship - they have a responsibility to submit to governing authorities and pay their taxes, but they also have a higher responsibility to serve God with their whole being. Christians should not prioritize political loyalties over their loyalty to God.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: This passage teaches several spiritual, theological, and practical lessons.

Spiritual: Believers have a responsibility to give their entire selves to God and prioritize their spiritual allegiance above political loyalties.
God is sovereign over all things, including political authorities, and believers can trust in His ultimate control.

Theological: The passage highlights the importance of Christian witness in the world. Christians are called to live in the world but not be of the world.

Practical: Christians have a responsibility to pay their taxes and be good citizens. Christians should seek to engage with political issues but not let them distract from their spiritual priorities.

The Question about Paying Taxes

15 Then the Pharisees went and took counsel how to entangle him in his talk. 16 And they sent their disciples to him, along with the Hero′di-ans, saying, “Teacher, we know that you are true, and teach the way of God truthfully, and care for no man; for you do not regard the position of men. 17 Tell us, then, what you think. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not?” 18 But Jesus, aware of their malice, said, “Why put me to the test, you hypocrites? 19 Show me the money for the tax.” And they brought him a coin.[a] 20 And Jesus said to them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” 21 They said, “Caesar’s.” Then he said to them, “Render therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” 22 When they heard it, they marveled; and they left him and went away.


The great commandment (Matthew 22:34-40)

Love the Lord your God with all your heart,
With all your soul, and with all your mind,
This is the first and greatest part,
The commandment of the highest kind.

And like it is the second one,
To love your neighbor as yourself,
These two together, not undone,
Are where the Law and Prophets delve.

For in love, all laws are fulfilled,
And in love, we find our way,
May our hearts with love be filled,
And in love, we live each day.

In this passage, Jesus is confronted by an expert in the law who asks him a question to test him. The question is about which commandment in the Law is the greatest. Jesus responds by quoting two commandments from the Old Testament: "Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind" (Deuteronomy 6:5) and "Love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18). Jesus emphasizes that these two commandments are the most important and that all the Law and the Prophets depend on them.

Exegesis: Jesus' response to the question of the expert in the law reveals the essence of his teachings and the core principles of Christianity. He emphasizes the importance of love, both toward God and toward others. Jesus quotes from the Old Testament, showing that his teachings are rooted in the Jewish scriptures and are in continuity with the Jewish faith. He also highlights the interdependence of these two commandments, indicating that they are closely related and cannot be separated.

Hermeneutics: This passage can be interpreted in several ways. One key interpretation is that it teaches the primacy of love in the Christian faith. Love for God is the foundation of a genuine relationship with God, and it involves wholehearted devotion, including our heart, soul, and mind. Love for others is equally important and is a natural outflow of our love for God. The two commandments are inseparable and form the basis for Christian ethics and morality.


Outline of the main point of the story: The Pharisees test Jesus with a question about the greatest commandment in the Law. Jesus responds by quoting two commandments from the Old Testament: love for God and love for neighbor. Jesus emphasizes that these two commandments are the most important and that all the Law and the Prophets depend on them. Jesus teaches the primacy of love in the Christian faith and the inseparable connection between love for God and love for others.

Spiritual lesson: The passage teaches that love is the foundation of the Christian faith. Genuine faith in Jesus Christ involves wholehearted devotion to God and sincere love for others. Our relationship with God should be characterized by love that encompasses our heart, soul, and mind. Our love for others should also flow from our love for God, and it should be expressed in practical acts of kindness, compassion, and selflessness.

Theological lesson: Theologically, the passage emphasizes the importance of love as the central virtue in the Christian faith. Love for God and love for others are inseparable and form the basis of Christian ethics and morality. This passage aligns with Jesus' teaching of the two greatest commandments as the foundation of all the Law and the Prophets, highlighting the centrality of love in Christian theology.

Practical lesson: The practical lesson from this passage is that love should be the guiding principle of our lives as Christians. We are called to love God with our entire being and to love our neighbors as ourselves. This involves showing love and compassion towards others, treating them with kindness, respect, and empathy. It also means prioritizing our relationship with God and giving him our wholehearted devotion. By living out the commandments of love, we can reflect the teachings of Jesus and demonstrate God's love to the world.

The Greatest Commandment

34 Hearing that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees, the Pharisees got together. 35 One of them, an expert in the law, tested him with this question: 36 “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?”
37 Jesus replied: “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’[a] 38 This is the first and greatest commandment. 39 And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[b] 40 All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.”

Jesus' question about David's son (Matthew 22:41-46)

The Pharisees gathered, Jesus asked
"What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?"
"The son of David," they replied
But Jesus questioned what they implied

David spoke by the Spirit's voice
Calling the Messiah "Lord" by choice
"The Lord said to my Lord," he said
Till all enemies were under his feet led

If David calls him "Lord," then how
Could he be David's son, now?
No one dared to speak or question more
Jesus had silenced them forevermore.

In this passage, Jesus engages in a dialogue with the Pharisees regarding the identity of the Messiah. The Pharisees believed that the Messiah would be the son of David, as prophesied in the Old Testament scriptures. However, Jesus challenges their understanding by quoting from Psalm 110, in which David refers to the Messiah as "my Lord." Jesus uses this to demonstrate that the Messiah is not merely a descendant of David, but also divine, having a status higher than David himself. This exchange with the Pharisees leaves them speechless, and they are unable to refute Jesus' claim.

Exegesis: In this passage, Jesus poses a question to the Pharisees regarding the identity of the Messiah. The Pharisees respond that the Messiah will be the son of David, as prophesied in the scriptures. Jesus then proceeds to quote from Psalm 110, which was attributed to David, and shows how David refers to the Messiah as "my Lord." Jesus uses this to demonstrate that the Messiah is not merely a descendant of David, but also divine, having a status higher than David himself.

Hermeneutics: This passage highlights the importance of interpreting scripture in its proper context. Jesus quotes from the Psalms, which were attributed to David, to make a point about the nature of the Messiah. This demonstrates that the scriptures should be read and understood as a whole, rather than cherry-picking individual verses to support a particular interpretation.

Main Point: The main point of this story is that the Messiah is not merely a descendant of David, but also divine, having a status higher than David himself.

Spiritual Lesson: This passage reminds us of the divinity of Jesus and the importance of recognizing Him as Lord. It also emphasizes the importance of reading scripture in its proper context and not relying on a narrow interpretation of individual verses.

Theological Lesson: This passage highlights the Trinitarian nature of God, with Jesus being both fully human and fully divine. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding the role of the Messiah in God's plan of salvation.

Practical Lesson: The practical lesson we can learn from this passage is to approach scripture with an open mind and to seek a deeper understanding of its message. It also encourages us to be humble and open to the guidance of the Holy Spirit in our interpretation of scripture.

Whose Son Is the Messiah?

41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, 42 “What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?”
“The son of David,” they replied.
43 He said to them, “How is it then that David, speaking by the Spirit, calls him ‘Lord’? For he says,
44 “‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[a]
45 If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he be his son?” 46 No one could say a word in reply, and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.

Warning against the scribes and Pharisees (Matthew 23:1-36)

You sit on Moses' seat,
preaching what you do not practice.
You burden the people with heavy loads,
but you won't lift a finger to help them.

You do everything for show,
wanting honor and attention.
You call yourselves rabbi,
but you are all equal as brothers.

Woe to you hypocrites,
for you block the way to heaven.
You make converts only to corrupt them,
making them worse than you.

Blind guides, you value gold over the temple,
and gifts over the altar.
You ignore justice, mercy, and faithfulness,
straining out gnats while swallowing camels.

You clean the outside of the cup and plate,
while inside you are filled with greed and indulgence.
You are like whitewashed tombs,
beautiful on the outside but full of death within.

You build tombs for the prophets,
but you are their true killers.
You are a brood of vipers,
and you will be sentenced to hell.

Prophets and wise men you will kill,
and on you will come all the bloodshed of the righteous.
All these things will come upon this generation,
and you will be held accountable for your wickedness.

In this passage, Jesus delivers a scathing rebuke to the scribes and Pharisees, the religious leaders of his time. He begins by acknowledging their authority as those who sit on Moses' seat, but quickly condemns their hypocrisy and lack of true obedience to God's commands. Jesus identifies seven specific "woes" or condemnations of the scribes and Pharisees, highlighting their tendency to burden others with heavy regulations, their desire for public recognition and honor, their neglect of justice, mercy, and faithfulness, their external righteousness coupled with internal greed and lawlessness, and their complicity in the persecution and murder of God's messengers.

Exegesis: Verse 2 establishes the context for Jesus' teaching, addressing both the crowds and his disciples. He acknowledges the scribes and Pharisees as those who sit on Moses' seat, meaning they hold a position of authority to interpret and apply the law of Moses. In verse 3, Jesus instructs the people to follow the teachings of the scribes and Pharisees, but not their actions. While they preach the law, they do not practice it themselves.

Jesus then lists seven woes or condemnations of the scribes and Pharisees, beginning in verse 13. In each of these, he exposes their hypocrisy and highlights their failure to truly follow God's commands. He condemns them for shutting the kingdom of heaven to others and for making their converts twice as much a child of hell as themselves. He also rebukes their narrow and legalistic interpretation of oaths and their neglect of weightier matters of justice, mercy, and faithfulness.

Jesus further exposes the scribes and Pharisees' external righteousness as a mere facade, revealing their greed and self-indulgence. He likens them to whitewashed tombs, beautiful on the outside but full of uncleanness on the inside. Finally, he accuses them of being complicit in the persecution and murder of God's messengers throughout history.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is Jesus' condemnation of the scribes and Pharisees for their hypocrisy and failure to truly follow God's commands. He exposes their external righteousness as a mere facade and highlights the importance of true obedience to God's law, particularly in matters of justice, mercy, and faithfulness.

Spiritual, Theological, and Practical Lessons: This passage offers several spiritual, theological, and practical lessons for believers today. First, it reminds us of the danger of hypocrisy and the importance of true obedience to God's commands. We must not only preach the Gospel but also practice it in our daily lives. Second, this passage highlights the importance of justice, mercy, and faithfulness in our walk with God. We must not neglect these weightier matters in our pursuit of external righteousness. Third, this passage reminds us of the dangers of legalism and narrow interpretations of Scripture. We must approach God's Word with humility and a willingness to be corrected and challenged. Finally, this passage serves as a warning against complicity in the persecution of God's messengers. We must be vigilant against the temptation to conform to the world's values and must stand firm in our commitment to God's truth, even in the face of opposition and persecution.

Seven Woes to the Scribes and Pharisees

23 Then Jesus said to the crowds and to his disciples, 2 “The scribes and the Pharisees sit on Moses' seat, 3 so do and observe whatever they tell you, but not the works they do. For they preach, but do not practice. 4 They tie up heavy burdens, hard to bear,[a] and lay them on people's shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to move them with their finger. 5 They do all their deeds to be seen by others. For they make their phylacteries broad and their fringes long, 6 and they love the place of honor at feasts and the best seats in the synagogues 7 and greetings in the marketplaces and being called rabbi[b] by others. 8 But you are not to be called rabbi, for you have one teacher, and you are all brothers.[c] 9 And call no man your father on earth, for you have one Father, who is in heaven. 10 Neither be called instructors, for you have one instructor, the Christ. 11 The greatest among you shall be your servant. 12 Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
13 “But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people's faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in.[d] 15 Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel across sea and land to make a single proselyte, and when he becomes a proselyte, you make him twice as much a child of hell[e] as yourselves.
16 “Woe to you, blind guides, who say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it is nothing, but if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is bound by his oath.’ 17 You blind fools! For which is greater, the gold or the temple that has made the gold sacred? 18 And you say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it is nothing, but if anyone swears by the gift that is on the altar, he is bound by his oath.’ 19 You blind men! For which is greater, the gift or the altar that makes the gift sacred? 20 So whoever swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. 21 And whoever swears by the temple swears by it and by him who dwells in it. 22 And whoever swears by heaven swears by the throne of God and by him who sits upon it.
23 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint and dill and cumin, and have neglected the weightier matters of the law: justice and mercy and faithfulness. These you ought to have done, without neglecting the others. 24 You blind guides, straining out a gnat and swallowing a camel!
25 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you clean the outside of the cup and the plate, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence. 26 You blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and the plate, that the outside also may be clean.
27 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs, which outwardly appear beautiful, but within are full of dead people's bones and all uncleanness. 28 So you also outwardly appear righteous to others, but within you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.
29 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you build the tombs of the prophets and decorate the monuments of the righteous, 30 saying, ‘If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we would not have taken part with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ 31 Thus you witness against yourselves that you are sons of those who murdered the prophets. 32 Fill up, then, the measure of your fathers. 33 You serpents, you brood of vipers, how are you to escape being sentenced to hell? 34 Therefore I send you prophets and wise men and scribes, some of whom you will kill and crucify, and some you will flog in your synagogues and persecute from town to town, 35 so that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah,[f] whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar. 36 Truly, I say to you, all these things will come upon this generation.

Jesus laments over Jerusalem (Matthew 23:37-39)

O Jerusalem, Jerusalem,
How many times have I called your name,
To gather your children, as a hen her chicks,
But you have turned away, and ignored my shtick.

Your hands have killed the prophets,
And stoned those who came to guide,
But my love for you remains steadfast,
Even though you have taken me for granted, time and time again.

Your house shall be left to you desolate,
And you shall see me no more,
Until you recognize the blessed one,
Who comes in the name of the Lord.

Oh, how I long to hold you close,
To protect you from the storms of life,
But your heart is hardened, and your ears are closed,
To the truth that could set you free from strife.

So I wait, and I pray,
For the day when you will finally see,
That I am the way, the truth, and the life,
And that my love for you will always be.

 In this passage, Jesus laments over Jerusalem, expressing his deep sorrow for the city and its inhabitants. He describes how he had wanted to gather them together like a mother hen gathering her chicks under her wings, but they were not willing. Jesus then prophesies that their house will be left desolate and that they will not see him again until they recognize and acknowledge him as the one who comes in the name of the Lord.

Exegesis: Jesus' lament over Jerusalem reflects his deep compassion for the people and his desire to gather them to himself. The imagery of a mother hen protecting her chicks under her wings conveys Jesus' tender care and concern for the people of Jerusalem. He mourns their unwillingness to accept his message and his ministry, which would have brought them salvation and refuge. Jesus' prophecy of their house being left desolate could refer to the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem, which happened in AD 70, as a consequence of their rejection of him as the Messiah. Jesus' statement about not seeing him again until they recognize him as the one who comes in the name of the Lord could be interpreted as a reference to his second coming when he will be acknowledged as the true Messiah.

Hermeneutics: This passage can be interpreted as a lamentation by Jesus over the spiritual condition of Jerusalem and its people. It highlights Jesus' love and compassion for those who have rejected him and his message. It also serves as a warning of the consequences of rejecting God's grace and salvation. The passage underscores the importance of recognizing and accepting Jesus as the Messiah, and the need for repentance and faith in him for salvation.

Outline of the main point of the story: Jesus expresses deep sorrow and lament over Jerusalem and its people.
He describes his desire to gather them to himself like a mother hen gathering her chicks.
Jesus prophesies that their house will be left desolate.
He declares that they will not see him again until they recognize him as the one who comes in the name of the Lord.
Spiritual lesson:
The passage teaches the importance of recognizing and accepting Jesus as the Messiah and responding to his message of salvation with repentance and faith. It portrays Jesus' deep love and compassion for all people, even those who reject him, and his desire to bring them to himself for their spiritual well-being. It serves as a reminder of the consequences of rejecting God's grace and salvation, and the need to respond to Jesus' invitation to come under his protection and find refuge in him.

Theological lesson: Theologically, the passage highlights the significance of Jesus as the promised Messiah and the ultimate fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. It underscores the importance of recognizing Jesus' divine identity and authority as the one who comes in the name of the Lord. It also highlights the concept of God's judgment and the consequences of rejecting his offer of salvation through Jesus Christ.

Practical lesson: The practical lesson from this passage is the need to respond to Jesus' invitation of salvation with faith and repentance. It calls us to acknowledge Jesus as the Messiah and to accept his message of grace and forgiveness. It also challenges us to reflect Jesus' love and compassion towards others, even those who reject or oppose us, and to share the good news of salvation with them. It reminds us of the urgency of responding to God's call and not hardening our hearts to his offer of salvation through Jesus Christ.

37 “O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the one who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were not willing! 38 See! Your house is left to you desolate; 39 for I say to you, you shall see Me no more till you say, ‘Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord!’ ”

Prophecy of the destruction of the temple (Matthew 24:1-2)

The temple, once a grand sight to see,
Now reduced to rubble, just debris.
Jesus warned that it would fall,
And not one stone would stand tall.

The disciples marveled at its size,
But Jesus saw through its disguise.
A symbol of man's vain pride,
Built up only to be destroyed.

Wars and rumors of wars will come,
The end times are not just for some.
Famines, earthquakes, and disease,
Signs of a world in unease.

False prophets will deceive,
Many will be lost and grieve.
But those who endure until the end,
Will be saved, and with Christ ascend.

So let us not be led astray,
By those who claim to know the way.
But let us hold fast to the truth,
And in Christ find eternal youth.



The Antonia Fortress: Matthew 24:2 describes the temple being destroyed, and Luke 21:20-21 adds that Jerusalem will be surrounded by armies. The Antonia Fortress was a Roman military installation located on the northwest corner of the temple mount, and it was likely the location of the Roman soldiers who surrounded Jerusalem during the siege of 70 AD. The remains of the fortress can still be seen today, and provide evidence of the Roman military presence in Jerusalem at that time.

The Destruction of the Temple and Signs of the End Times

As the disciples gathered 'round,
On the Mount of Olives, they found,
Themselves asking Jesus, privately,
"When will the end of the age be?"

Jesus warned them not to be misled,
By those who come in his name, instead,
Of preaching the truth, they'll lead astray,
Many who follow them, day by day.

There will be wars and rumors of wars,
Nations and kingdoms fighting, and more,
Famines and earthquakes in various places,
Signs of the times, etched on our faces.

Then they will deliver you up to tribulation,
And put you to death, for your dedication,
To Jesus' name, and his message of love,
Which the world often rejects, without a glove.

Many will fall away and betray,
One another, filled with hate, day by day,
False prophets will rise, and lead astray,
Many who seek the truth, in their own way.

Lawlessness will be increased,
And love for others will decrease,
But those who endure to the end,
Will be saved, by Jesus' loving hand.

The gospel of the kingdom will be proclaimed,
Throughout the world, and nations named,
As a testimony to all who hear,
And then, the end of the age will be near.



After leaving the temple, Jesus' disciples draw His attention to the magnificent buildings surrounding them. In response, Jesus predicts the destruction of these buildings, stating that not one stone will be left upon another. This prediction would come to pass in 70 AD when the Romans destroyed the temple during the Jewish rebellion.

Exegesis: Jesus' prediction of the destruction of the temple was a significant event in the history of Israel. The temple was not only the center of Jewish religious life, but it was also a symbol of their national identity. By predicting its destruction, Jesus was declaring that the old covenant system was passing away and that a new order was coming.

Hermeneutics: This passage highlights Jesus' prophetic role and reveals His concern for the people of Israel. It also shows the transience of human institutions and the ultimate authority of God.

Main point: The main point of this passage is that Jesus is the prophet who sees the future and reveals what is to come. He is also the one who initiates a new era of salvation history.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Jesus is the true prophet who sees what is to come and reveals it to His people.
Human institutions and structures will eventually pass away, but God's Word endures forever.
The destruction of the temple was a sign of the end of the old covenant system and the beginning of a new era of salvation history.
Practical Lesson:
We should trust in the Lord's promises and not rely on human structures or institutions. We should focus on building our relationship with God and living out His will in our lives, rather than being attached to material possessions or temporal structures.

24 Jesus left the temple and was walking away when his disciples came up to him to call his attention to its buildings. 2 “Do you see all these things?” he asked. “Truly I tell you, not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down.”

Signs of the end of the age (Matthew 24:3-14)

The tribulation of those days will be great,
Darkening the sun and moon, a fearful fate,
Stars will fall from heaven, and the powers will shake,
But fear not, for the Son of Man will soon awake.

A sign will appear in the heavens above,
And all the tribes of the earth will mourn and love,
For they will see the Son of Man in great power and glory,
Coming on the clouds, the end of the story.

With a loud trumpet call, his angels will be sent,
To gather his elect, from every corner and tent,
From the four winds, and from one end of heaven to another,
His followers will be united, like a sister and brother.

The Son of Man will come, to reign in righteousness and peace,
And all the world will know, that he is the one who gives release,
From sin and death, and all that brings us low,
For in him we have eternal life, and a love that will never go.

This passage from Matthew 24:3-14 records Jesus' response to his disciples' question regarding the sign of his coming and the end of the age. In response, Jesus begins by warning his disciples to be careful not to be deceived by false teachers who claim to be the Christ. He then describes various events that will occur before the end of the age.

First, he mentions that there will be wars and rumors of wars, but that this is not yet the end. He also mentions that there will be famines and earthquakes in various places, which will intensify as the end approaches. These events are described as "the beginning of the birth pains," indicating that they are a prelude to the final judgment.

Jesus also warns that his followers will face persecution and death, and that they will be hated by all nations because of his name. Many will fall away from the faith and betray one another, while false prophets will arise and lead many astray. Lawlessness will increase, causing the love of many to grow cold.

However, Jesus promises that those who endure to the end will be saved. He also states that the gospel of the kingdom will be proclaimed throughout the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.

In terms of interpretation, this passage is often seen as describing the events leading up to the Second Coming of Christ and the final judgment. The warning against false teachers is a reminder to remain vigilant and discerning in our faith. The description of persecution and betrayal reminds us that following Jesus can be costly, but that those who remain faithful to the end will be saved.

The mention of wars, famines, and earthquakes can be seen as a reminder of the brokenness and instability of the world, which will only be fully restored when Christ returns. The proclamation of the gospel to all nations is a call to mission and evangelism, as we participate in God's plan to bring salvation to the ends of the earth.

Practically, this passage can serve as a reminder to remain steadfast in our faith and to be discerning of false teaching. It can also motivate us to share the gospel with others and to pray for the salvation of those who have not yet heard. Ultimately, it points us to the hope of Christ's return and the restoration of all things.

Signs of the End of the Age

3 As he sat on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to him privately, saying, “Tell us, when will these things be, and what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?” 4 And Jesus answered them, “See that no one leads you astray. 5 For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and they will lead many astray. 6 And you will hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not alarmed, for this must take place, but the end is not yet. 7 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom, and there will be famines and earthquakes in various places. 8 All these are but the beginning of the birth pains.
9 “Then they will deliver you up to tribulation and put you to death, and you will be hated by all nations for my name's sake. 10 And then many will fall away[a] and betray one another and hate one another. 11 And many false prophets will arise and lead many astray. 12 And because lawlessness will be increased, the love of many will grow cold. 13 But the one who endures to the end will be saved. 14 And this gospel of the kingdom will be proclaimed throughout the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.

The abomination of desolation (Matthew 24:15-28)

The abomination of desolation, foretold by the seer,
A dark and dreadful time, a time of great fear.
When the holy place is defiled, by a vile abomination,
Let the reader understand, it's a sign of desolation.

Those in Judea, flee to the mountains high,
The housetop dwellers, don't even try
To gather their possessions, for time is short,
And the fieldsman, leave behind his cloak of sort.

Alas for women with child, and those nursing too,
The tribulation will be great, the likes of which is new.
Pray that your flight, won't be in winter or Sabbath day,
For the journey will be hard, in every possible way.

False prophets and christs will rise, performing wonders great,
To lead the elect astray, to seal their wicked fate.
Don't believe their lies, when they say, "Here is the Christ!",
For the true Son of Man, will come like a lightning tryst.

If they say, "He is in the wilderness or the inner room!",
Don't be fooled, don't follow their impending doom.
For the coming of the Son of Man, will be like lightning bright,
Wherever the corpse lies, the vultures will take flight.

The abomination of desolation, a time of great strife,
A time to hold onto your faith, and cling to eternal life.

The passage you're referring to is found in Matthew 24:15-28, where Jesus is speaking to his disciples about the end times and the signs that will precede his second coming. Let's break it down and provide commentary, exegesis, hermeneutics, and practical lessons from the passage:

Context: Jesus is speaking to his disciples about the end times and the signs that will precede his second coming. He references the "abomination of desolation" spoken of by the prophet Daniel (Daniel 9:27; 11:31; 12:11), which is a term used to describe a sacrilegious object or event that defiles the holy place. This event is a significant sign of the impending great tribulation and serves as a warning to his followers.

Main Point: The main point of this passage is to warn Jesus' followers about the signs and events that will precede his second coming, and to provide instructions on how to respond and prepare for those events.

Exegesis: Jesus tells his disciples that when they see the abomination of desolation standing in the holy place, they should flee to the mountains without delay. He emphasizes the urgency of the situation, as those in Judea are instructed not to go back to their homes or fields to gather belongings, and warns of the difficulties pregnant and nursing women will face during this time. Jesus also cautions against false christs and false prophets who will arise and perform great signs and wonders to deceive people, even the elect. He tells his disciples not to believe anyone who claims to have found the Christ in the wilderness or inner rooms, as his coming will be as visible as lightning in the sky, and vultures will gather wherever the corpse is.

Hermeneutics: This passage is a prophecy given by Jesus about the end times and the signs that will precede his second coming. It is important to interpret it in light of the broader biblical context and teachings, taking into account the language and imagery used in apocalyptic literature, such as the abomination of desolation, great tribulation, and false christs. It is also crucial to understand the historical and cultural context of Jesus' time, as he was speaking to his disciples in the first century, and some of his prophecies may have had immediate relevance to the events of that time, as well as future fulfillment.

Spiritual and Theological Lessons: Be discerning: Jesus' warning about false christs and false prophets reminds us to be discerning and not easily deceived by false teachings or claims of miraculous signs and wonders. It highlights the importance of grounding our faith in the truth of God's Word and testing all things against it (1 John 4:1).

Be prepared: Jesus' instruction to flee to the mountains without delay when the abomination of desolation is seen emphasizes the need for preparedness and readiness for unexpected events. It reminds us to be spiritually and practically prepared for difficult times and to prioritize our relationship with God above worldly possessions (Matthew 6:19-21).

Trust in God's providence: Jesus' assurance that the days of tribulation will be cut short for the sake of the elect reminds us of God's faithfulness and providence. It encourages us to trust in God's sovereignty and protection in the midst of trials and tribulations, knowing that he is in control and will ultimately bring about his purposes (Romans 8:28).

Practical Application: Stay rooted in God's Word: Regularly study and meditate on God's Word to build a solid foundation of faith and discernment, so that you are not easily swayed by false teachings or deceptive claims.
Be spiritually and practically prepared: Cultivate a lifestyle of readiness and preparedness, both spiritually and practically. This includes nurturing a strong relationship with God through prayer, worship, and obedience, as well as being prepared for unexpected events or trials in life by having a plan in place and being willing to let go of worldly possessions if necessary.

Stay discerning: Be discerning and vigilant against false teachings and claims of miraculous signs and wonders. Test everything against the truth of God's Word and seek wise counsel from mature and grounded believers when faced with confusing or deceptive teachings.

Trust in God's providence: Remind yourself of God's faithfulness and providence, especially during difficult times. Trust in his sovereignty and know that he is in control, even when circumstances seem overwhelming. Rest in the assurance that God will ultimately bring about his purposes and take care of his faithful followers.

In summary, this passage from Matthew 24:15-28 serves as a warning and instruction from Jesus to his followers about the signs and events that will precede his second coming. It reminds us to be discerning, spiritually and practically prepared, and to trust in God's providence. By staying rooted in God's Word, being prepared for trials, and staying discerning, we can navigate through challenging times with faith and wisdom.

Abomination of Desolation

15 “So when you see the abomination of desolation spoken of by the prophet Daniel, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), 16 then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains. 17 Let the one who is on the housetop not go down to take what is in his house, 18 and let the one who is in the field not turn back to take his cloak. 19 And alas for women who are pregnant and for those who are nursing infants in those days! 20 Pray that your flight may not be in winter or on a Sabbath. 21 For then there will be great tribulation, such as has not been from the beginning of the world until now, no, and never will be. 22 And if those days had not been cut short, no human being would be saved. But for the sake of the elect those days will be cut short. 23 Then if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’ or ‘There he is!’ do not believe it. 24 For false christs and false prophets will arise and perform great signs and wonders, so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect. 25 See, I have told you beforehand. 26 So, if they say to you, ‘Look, he is in the wilderness,’ do not go out. If they say, ‘Look, he is in the inner rooms,’ do not believe it. 27 For as the lightning comes from the east and shines as far as the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man. 28 Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures will gather.

The coming of the Son of Man (Matthew 24:29-31)

The Son of Man will come, in power and great glory,
After the tribulation, when the world is in a story.
The sun will be darkened, the moon will not give light,
And the stars will fall from heaven, a frightening sight.

But then will appear in heaven, the sign of the Son of Man,
And all the tribes of the earth will mourn, as per his plan.
They will see him coming, on the clouds of heaven high,
With power and great glory, he'll light up the sky.

He will send out his angels, with a loud trumpet call,
Gathering his elect, from every corner and hall.
From the four winds, and from every part of the earth,
They will come to him, for his infinite worth.

The Son of Man will reign, with justice and with peace,
His love and grace, will never ever cease.
So hold onto your faith, and never lose sight,
Of the coming of the Son of Man, in all his might.

The context of this passage is Jesus' discussion with his disciples about the end of the age and his second coming.

Exegesis: Verse 29 describes a time of great upheaval and cosmic signs, where the sun will be darkened, the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from heaven. This language is often used in prophetic literature to describe judgment and the end of the age.

Verse 30 speaks of the sign of the Son of Man appearing in heaven. The Son of Man is a title that Jesus uses to refer to himself, and it has Messianic connotations. The appearance of this sign will be a clear indication of Jesus' imminent return. All the tribes of the earth will mourn, likely because they will realize that the end of the age is at hand, and they have not yet repented.

Verse 31 describes the gathering of the elect by the angels. The elect are those who have put their faith in Jesus Christ and are awaiting his return. The angels will gather them from all corners of the earth, from one end of heaven to the other.

Theological and Spiritual lessons: This passage is rich in theological and spiritual significance. It emphasizes the certainty of Jesus' return and the importance of being ready for it. The language used in this passage indicates that the end of the age will be a time of great judgment and upheaval. Therefore, we should be prepared for it by putting our faith in Jesus Christ and living a life that is pleasing to him.

Furthermore, this passage speaks of the ultimate victory of Jesus Christ over sin and death. His return will mark the end of this present age and the beginning of a new one where he will reign as king. This should give us hope and encouragement as we look forward to the fulfillment of God's plan for the world.

Practical lessons: Practically speaking, this passage calls us to live in light of Jesus' imminent return. We should prioritize our relationship with him and seek to honor him in all that we do. We should also be mindful of the fact that our time on earth is limited and seek to use it wisely.

This passage also reminds us of the importance of evangelism. All the tribes of the earth will mourn when they realize that the end of the age is at hand. As Christians, we have a responsibility to share the good news of Jesus Christ with those around us so that they too may be saved.

In summary, this passage emphasizes the certainty of Jesus' return and the importance of being ready for it. It also reminds us of the ultimate victory of Jesus Christ over sin and death and calls us to live in light of his imminent return.

The Coming of the Son of Man

29 “Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken. 30 Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. 31 And he will send out his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.